责任链设计模式chain of responsibility

将能够处理同一类请求的对象连成一条链，所提交的请求沿着链传递，链上对象逐个判断是否有能力处理请求，能就处理，不能就向上提交。

代码演示：

1.请假条请求类LeaveRequest ：

/**
 * 封装请假的基本信息
 */
public class LeaveRequest {
    private String empName;
    private int leaveDays;
    private String season;

    public LeaveRequest() {
    }

    public LeaveRequest(String empName, int leaveDays, String season) {
        this.empName = empName;
        this.leaveDays = leaveDays;
        this.season = season;
    }

    public String getEmpName() {
        return empName;
    }

    public void setEmpName(String empName) {
        this.empName = empName;
    }

    public int getLeaveDays() {
        return leaveDays;
    }

    public void setLeaveDays(int leaveDays) {
        this.leaveDays = leaveDays;
    }

    public String getSeason() {
        return season;
    }

    public void setSeason(String season) {
        this.season = season;
    }
}

 2.抽象事物处理者，抽象类Leader ：

public abstract class Leader {
    protected String name;
    /**
     * 责任链上的后继对象
     */
    protected Leader nextLeader;

    public Leader(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    /**
     * 设定责任链上的后继对象
     * @param nextLeader
     */
    public void setNextLeader(Leader nextLeader) {
        this.nextLeader = nextLeader;
    }

    /**
     * 处理请求的核心业务方法
     * @param request
     */
    abstract void handleRequest(LeaveRequest request);


}

3.三个具体事物处理对象：

（1）.主任对象Director 

/**
 * 主任对象
 */
public class Director extends Leader {
    public Director(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    void handleRequest(LeaveRequest request) {
        if (request.getLeaveDays()<3){
            System.out.println("员工:"+request.getEmpName());
            System.out.println("请假："+request.getLeaveDays()+"天");
            System.out.println("理由："+request.getSeason());
            System.out.println("主任："+this.name+"通过");
        }else {
            if (this.nextLeader!=null){
                this.nextLeader.handleRequest(request);
            }
        }
    }
}

（2）.经理对象Manager

/**
 * 经理对象
 */
class Manager extends Leader {

    public Manager(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    void handleRequest(LeaveRequest request) {
        if (request.getLeaveDays()<10){
            System.out.println("员工:"+request.getEmpName());
            System.out.println("请假："+request.getLeaveDays()+"天");
            System.out.println("理由："+request.getSeason());
            System.out.println("经理："+this.name+"通过");
        }else {
            if (this.nextLeader!=null){
                this.nextLeader.handleRequest(request);
            }
        }
    }
}

（3）.总经理对象GeneraManager

/**
 * 总经理
 */
 class GeneraManager extends Leader{
    public GeneraManager(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    void handleRequest(LeaveRequest request) {
        if (request.getLeaveDays()<30){
            System.out.println("员工:"+request.getEmpName());
            System.out.println("请假："+request.getLeaveDays()+"天");
            System.out.println("理由："+request.getSeason());
            System.out.println("总经理："+this.name+"通过");
        }else {
            System.out.println("莫非："+request.getEmpName()+"不想干了？");
        }
    }
}

4.测试

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Leader director =new Director("张三");
        Leader manager =new Manager("李四");
        Leader generaManager=new GeneraManager("王五");

        //组织责任链对象关系
        director.setNextLeader(manager);
        manager.setNextLeader(generaManager);

        //开始请假
        LeaveRequest request=new LeaveRequest("罗翔",11,"去b站直播");
        director.handleRequest(request);
    }
}

结果：员工:罗翔
          请假：11天
          理由：去b站直播
          总经理：王五通过

应用场景：异常捕捉，servelet中过滤器。