一、Bean的种类
1、普通bean:<bean id="" class="A"> ,spring直接创建A实例,并返回。
2、FactoryBean:是一个特殊的bean,具有工厂生成对象的能力,只能生成特定的对象。bean必须使用 FactoryBean接口,此接口提供方法 getObject() 用于获得特定bean。
<bean id="" class="FB"> 先创建FB实例,使用调用getObject()方法,并返回方法的返回值
FB fb = new FB();
return fb.getObject();
BeanFactory 和 FactoryBean 对比?
BeanFactory:工厂,用于生成任意bean。
FactoryBean:特殊bean,用于生成另一个特定的bean。例如:ProxyFactoryBean ,此工厂bean用于生产代理。
<bean id="" class="....ProxyFactoryBean"> 获得代理对象实例,AOP使用。
二、作用域
作用域:用于确定Spring创建Bean的实例个数。
取值:
singleton 单例,是默认值。
prototype 多例,每执行一次getBean将获得一个实例。例如:struts整合spring,配置action多例。
配置信息:
<bean id="" class="" scope="">
例如:
<bean id="userServiceId" class="com.zju.scope.UserServiceImpl" scope="prototype"></bean>
例1:singleton 单例
UserService.java
package com.zk.myspring;
public interface UserService {
public void addUser();
}
UserServiceImpl.java
package com.zk.myspring;
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Override
public void addUser() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("UserService");
}
}
ApplicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">
<!-- 默认scope为singleton -->
<bean id="userserviceId" class="com.zk.myspring.UserServiceImpl" scope="singleton"></bean>
</beans>
TestDemo.java
package com.zk.myspring;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestDemo {
@Test
public void demo1(){
String xmlpath="ApplicationContext.xml";
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlpath);
UserService us=ac.getBean("userserviceId", UserServiceImpl.class);
UserService us2=ac.getBean("userserviceId", UserServiceImpl.class);
//us.addUser();
//us2.addUser();
System.out.println(us);
System.out.println(us2);
System.out.println(us==us2);
}
}
运行效果图:
例2:prototype 多例
UserService.java
package com.zk.myspring;
public interface UserService {
public void addUser();
}
UserServiceImpl.java
package com.zk.myspring;
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Override
public void addUser() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("UserService");
}
}
TestDemo.java
package com.zk.myspring;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestDemo {
@Test
public void demo1(){
String xmlpath="ApplicationContext.xml";
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlpath);
UserService us=ac.getBean("userserviceId", UserServiceImpl.class);
UserService us2=ac.getBean("userserviceId", UserServiceImpl.class);
//us.addUser();
//us2.addUser();
System.out.println(us);
System.out.println(us2);
System.out.println(us==us2);
}
}
ApplicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">
<bean id="userserviceId" class="com.zk.myspring.UserServiceImpl" scope="prototype"></bean>
</beans>
运行效果图: