Linux非root用户下安装python及MySQLdb

Linux非root用户下安装python及MySQLdb记录：

安装所需软件包: Python-2.6.tar.bz2、MySQL-python-1.2.3c1.tar、setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz。

安装前：

1. 定义python的安装目录：

PYTHON_DIR = /home/$USER/local/python

2. 定义安装目录：

INSTALL_DIR = /home/$USER/install

先查看本机python版本，如果已安装相应版本则跳过第1步；

python 
Python 2.6 (r26:66714, Jul 21 2010, 11:47:32) 
[GCC 3.4.5 20051201 (Red Hat 3.4.5-2)] on linux2 
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

Ctrl + D退出第1步, 安装python：

tar -C $INSTALL_DIR -xjvf Python-2.6.tar.bz2 
cd $INSTALL_DIR/Python-2.6 
./configure --prefix = $PYTHON_DIR 
make && make install

3. 安装MySQLdb：

tar -C $INSTALL_DIR -xzvf MySQL-python-1.2.3c1.tar 
cd $INSTALL_DIR/MySQL-python-1.2.3c1

4. 修改配置项

mysql_config=your_mysql_dir/mysql-bin/bin/mysql_config 
vi site.cfg 
$PYTHON_DIR/bin/python setup.py build 
$PYTHON_DIR/bin/python setup.py install --prefix = $PYTHON_DIR

这一步可能会提示ImportError: No module named setuptools，则需要安装setuptools模块。

5. 安装setuptool：

tar -C $INSTALL_DIR -xzvf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz 
cd $INSTALL_DIR/setuptools-0.6c1 
$PYTHON_DIR/bin/python setup.py build 
$PYTHON_DIR/bin/python setup.py install

6. 回到MySQL-python-1.2.3c1目录，执行安装MySQLdb最后一步：

cd $INSTALL_DIR/MySQL-python-1.2.3c1 
$PYTHON_DIR/bin/python setup.py install --prefix = $PYTHON_DIR

这一步可能会提示如下错误：

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lmysqlclient_r
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status 
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

7. 修改配置项,

embedded = False 
threadsafe = False 
static = False 
vi site.cfg

再执行：

$PYTHON_DIR/bin/python setup.py install  --prefix = $PYTHON_DIR

安装完成测试：

python 
Import MySQLdb

如果报错：

ImportError: libmysqlclient.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 
cd ~ && vi .bash_profile

在最后增加

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/$USER/local/mysql/lib/mysql:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

重启session，再测试正常安装完成!

python: https://www.python.org/downloads/source/

setuptool:http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools

MySQL-python: http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python/files/mysql-python/1.2.3/MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz/download

from: http://os.51cto.com/art/201104/256066.htm