MongoDB入门（7）- SpringDataMongoDB

入门

本文介绍如何应用SpringDataMongoDB操作实体和数据库，本文只介绍最基本的例子，复杂的例子在后面的文章中介绍。

SpringDataMongoDB简介

SpringDataMongoDB是spring data的一个子项目，用来封装对MongoDB的操作，现在最新的版本是1.6.1。（截至2015年1月18日）

The Spring Data MongoDB project provides integration with the MongoDB document database. Key functional areas of Spring Data MongoDB are a POJO centric model for interacting with a MongoDB DBCollection and easily writing a Repository style data access layer.

MongoDB是一个非关系型数据库，这里不详细介绍了。

SpringDataMongoDB有以下一些特点：

• Spring configuration support using Java based @Configuration classes or an XML namespace for a Mongo driver instance and replica sets.
• MongoTemplate helper class that increases productivity performing common Mongo operations. Includes integrated object mapping between documents and POJOs.
• Exception translation into Spring's portable Data Access Exception hierarchy
• Feature Rich Object Mapping integrated with Spring's Conversion Service
• Annotation based mapping metadata but extensible to support other metadata formats
• Persistence and mapping lifecycle events
• Low-level mapping using MongoReader/MongoWriter abstractions
• Java based Query, Criteria, and Update DSLs
• Automatic implementation of Repository interfaces including support for custom finder methods.
• QueryDSL integration to support type-safe queries.
• Cross-store persistance - support for JPA Entities with fields transparently persisted/retrieved using MongoDB
• Log4j log appender
• GeoSpatial integration
• Map-Reduce integration
• JMX administration and monitoring
• CDI support for repositories
• GridFS support

实体类定义

package com.chzhao.mongodbtest;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;

public class Customer {
    @Id
    private String id;

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName;
    }

    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    private String firstName;
    private String lastName;

    public Customer() {}

    public Customer(String firstName, String lastName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return String.format(
                "Customer[id=%s, firstName='%s', lastName='%s']",
                id, firstName, lastName);
    }
}

操作类定义

package com.chzhao.mongodbtest;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;

public interface CustomerRepository extends MongoRepository<Customer, String> {

    public Customer findByFirstName(String firstName);

    public List<Customer> findByLastName(String lastName);

    public long deleteByFirstName(String firstName);

    public long countByLastName(String lastName);
}

调用方法

package com.chzhao.mongodbtest;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;

EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Autowired
    private CustomerRepository repository;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {

        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            repository.save(new Customer(i + "", "zhao"));
        }
        long cou = repository.countByLastName("zhao");
        System.out.println(cou);

        System.out.println("Customers found with findAll():");
        System.out.println("-------------------------------");
        for (Customer customer : repository.findAll()) {
            System.out.println(customer);
        }
        System.out.println();
        repository.deleteByFirstName("zhao");

        // fetch an individual customer
        System.out.println("Customer found with findByFirstName('Alice'):");
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        System.out.println(repository.findByFirstName("Alice"));

        System.out.println("Customers found with findByLastName('Smith'):");
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        for (Customer customer : repository.findByLastName("zhao")) {
            System.out.println(customer);
        }

    }

}

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.chzhao</groupId>
    <artifactId>mongodbtest</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
            <artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

MongoOperations介绍

MongoOperations是一个很强大的接口，有了这个接口，基本上什么都搞定了。
其介绍

Interface that specifies a basic set of MongoDB operations. Implemented by {@link MongoTemplate}. Not often used but a useful option for extensibility and testability (as it can be easily mocked, stubbed, or be the target of a JDK proxy

直接上代码

实体类

package com.chzhao.mongodbtest;

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;

public class Person {
    public Person(String name, int age, Date birth) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    private Date birth;

    @Id
    private String id;

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    private String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    private int age;
}

操作类

package com.chzhao.mongodbtest;

import static org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria.where;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoOperations;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;

import com.mongodb.Mongo;

public class MongoApp {
    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(MongoApp.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        MongoOperations mongoOps = new MongoTemplate(new Mongo(), "zch");
        mongoOps.dropCollection(Person.class);
        mongoOps.remove(new Query(where("name").is("zhao")), Person.class);
        DateTime zhaoBirth = new DateTime(1985, 12, 13, 18, 23, 55);
        DateTime liangBirth = new DateTime(1986, 12, 13, 18, 23, 55);
        mongoOps.insert(new Person("zhao", 34, zhaoBirth.toDate()));
        mongoOps.insert(new Person("liang", 24, liangBirth.toDate()));

        List<Person> pList = mongoOps.find(new Query(where("name").is("zhao")),
                Person.class);
        for (Person p : pList) {
            log.info(p.getName() + p.getAge());
        }
        DateTime someday = new DateTime(1986, 1, 13, 18, 23, 55);
        List<Person> pList1 = mongoOps.find(new Query(where("birth").lt(someday)), Person.class);
        for (Person p : pList1) {
            log.info(p.getName() + p.getAge());
        }
 
    }
}

这个Query类似lambda表达式，能做很多事情，很赞。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wardensky/p/5799294.html