centos 源码编译安装gcc 4.7.0

官方参考：

http://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/InstallingGCC

GCC tends to have problems when configured in the same directory as the GCC source code, or in any subdirectory therein, as stated in the Configuration page in the install documentation.

What should be done is to untar the GCC source code, then in the source directory run ./contrib/download_prerequisites (which will download and untar MPFR, MPC and GMP in the same GCC source code directory as per the prerequisites documentation.)

Then make a peer gcc-build directory next to the GCC source code directory.

Then run the configure either by fully qualified path or by relative path while in the the gcc-build current working directory.

A makefile will be created in the gcc-build directory. Run make in the gcc-build current working directory to begin the build of GCC.

(If building a cross-compiler, there are several more prerequisite steps involved.)

The above steps are atypical of most GNU packages. GCC builds in multiple passes; which, if done within the GCC source code directory, befouls the source code directory itself. Hence the need to build in a separate build directory.

MPFR, MPC and GMP are used by GCC itself, internally. GCC does not use those facilities in the code compiled by GCC.

转载的下文有大量错误，不要尝试。

去gcc官方网站 下载最新版本的gcc-4.7.0.tar.bz2
同时在infrastructure目录下寻找下载【必须】的cloog-0.16.2.tar.gz、mpc-0.8.1.tar.gz、mpfr-2.4.2.tar.bz2、ppl-0.11.tar.gz，去http://gmplib.org/ 下载最新的gmp-5.0.4.tar.bz2
开始前的注意事项：
【我是在CentOS 5.3 x64的虚拟机环境下实践的此文，推荐内存要大于2G，否则在编译一些模块时会出现因为物理内存耗光而死机的情况】

开始安装gcc 4.7.0，以下包的安装步骤不能错乱

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tar jxvf gmp-5.0.4.tar.bz2 cd gmp-5.0.4 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.4 make && make install cd ../   tar jxvf mpfr-2.4.2.tar.bz2 cd mpfr-2.4.2 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.4 make && make install cd ../   tar zxvf mpc-0.8.1.tar.gz cd mpc-0.8.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpc-0.8.1 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.4 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2 make && make install cd ../

由于cloog-0.16.2是【isl-based version】，在gcc的./configure 时，使用–enable-cloog-backend=isl参数来指定cloog的后端为isl即可

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tar zxvf ppl-0.11.tar.gz cd ppl-0.11 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pp1-0.11 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.4 make && make install cd ../   tar zxvf cloog-0.16.2.tar.gz cd cloog-0.16.2 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cloog-0.16.2 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.4 make && make install cd ../

安装gcc 4.7.0，此处的参数，只针对C、C++语言，如果需要其能编译出其他工具链(如all, ada, fortran, go, java, objc, obj-c++之类的)，在enable-language后面添加上，然后添加上相应的参数就是

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tar jxvf gcc-4.7.0.tar.bz2 cd gcc-4.7.0 ./configure --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.4 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2 --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-0.8.1 --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit --with-cpu=generic --disable-multilib --with-ppl=/usr/local/pp1-0.11 --with-cloog=/usr/local/cloog-0.16.2 --enable-cloog-backend=isl make && make install

将以上四个库加入系统库路径，使用在/etc/ld.so.conf中添加或LD_LIBRARY_PATH环境变量中添加的方式
如在~/.bashrc中添加上下面语句

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1	export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/gmp-5.0.4/lib:/usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2/lib:/usr/local/mpc-0.8.1/lib:/usr/local/cloog-0.16.2/lib:/usr/local/ppl-0.11/lib

使用gcc -v即可查看到新安装的gcc版本已经变为4.7.0了