这里介绍一个非常好的缓存类：LocalSubstitutionCache
参考：http://www.cocoawithlove.com/2010/09/substituting-local-data-for-remote.html
继承与：NSURLCache，先来简单介绍一下：
NSURLRequest需要一个缓存参数来说明它请求的url何如缓存数据的，我们先看下它的CachePolicy类型。
1、NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy NSURLRequest默认的cache policy，使用Protocol协议定义。
2、NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringCacheData 忽略缓存直接从原始地址下载。
3、NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataElseLoad 只有在cache中不存在data时才从原始地址下载。
4、NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataDontLoad 只使用cache数据，如果不存在cache，请求失败;用于没有建立网络连接离线模式;
5、NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalAndRemoteCacheData：忽略本地和远程的缓存数据，直接从原始地址下载，与NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringCacheData类似。
6、NSURLRequestReloadRevalidatingCacheData:验证本地数据与远程数据是否相同，如果不同则下载远程数据，否则使用本地数据。
NSURLCache还提供了很多方法，来方便我们实现应用程序的缓存机制。大家可以研究下文档说明。
今天说的LocalSubstitutionCache是对NSURLCache的一个继承，加了一些方便调用的方法，内存缓存时间和硬盘缓存时间等。
- Cache Html页面
- Cache 图片等元素
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//设置使用自定义Cache机制
LocalSubstitutionCache *cache = [[[LocalSubstitutionCache alloc] init] autorelease];
[cache setMemoryCapacity:4 * 1024 * 1024];
[cache setDiskCapacity:10 * 1024 * 1024];
[NSURLCache setSharedURLCache:cache];
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没有DEMO，我简单的把工程中使用的代码贴出来，很简单只有两行：
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- (id)initWithURL:(NSURL*)pageURL {
if(self = [super init]) {
self.URL = pageURL;
LocalSubstitutionCache *urlCache = [[LocalSubstitutionCache alloc] initWithMemoryCapacity:20 * 1024 * 1024
diskCapacity:200 * 1024 * 1024
diskPath:nil
cacheTime:0];
[LocalSubstitutionCache setSharedURLCache:urlCache];
}
return self;
}
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为避免内存告急：
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- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
[super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
LocalSubstitutionCache *urlCache = (LocalSubstitutionCache *)[NSURLCache sharedURLCache];
[urlCache removeAllCachedResponses];
}
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附LocalSubstitutionCache的代码，该代码有一处错误已经修正，这是我修改过的仅供参考：
LocalSubstitutionCache.h
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//
// LocalSubstitutionCache.h
// yeeyanHD
//
// Created by liunian on 13-8-2.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 liunian. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface LocalSubstitutionCache : NSURLCache
@property(nonatomic, assign) NSInteger cacheTime;
@property(nonatomic, retain) NSString *diskPath;
@property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableDictionary *responseDictionary;
- (id)initWithMemoryCapacity:(NSUInteger)memoryCapacity diskCapacity:(NSUInteger)diskCapacity diskPath:(NSString *)path cacheTime:(NSInteger)cacheTime;
@end
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LocalSubstitutionCache.m
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//
// LocalSubstitutionCache.m
// yeeyanHD
//
// Created by liunian on 13-8-2.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 liunian. All rights reserved.
//
#import "LocalSubstitutionCache.h"
#import "Util.h"
@interface LocalSubstitutionCache(private)
- (NSString *)cacheFolder;
- (NSString *)cacheFilePath:(NSString *)file;
- (NSString *)cacheRequestFileName:(NSString *)requestUrl;
- (NSString *)cacheRequestOtherInfoFileName:(NSString *)requestUrl;
- (NSCachedURLResponse *)dataFromRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request;
- (void)deleteCacheFolder;
@end
@implementation LocalSubstitutionCache
@synthesize cacheTime = _cacheTime;
@synthesize diskPath = _diskPath;
@synthesize responseDictionary = _responseDictionary;
- (id)initWithMemoryCapacity:(NSUInteger)memoryCapacity diskCapacity:(NSUInteger)diskCapacity diskPath:(NSString *)path cacheTime:(NSInteger)cacheTime {
if (self = [self initWithMemoryCapacity:memoryCapacity diskCapacity:diskCapacity diskPath:path]) {
self.cacheTime = cacheTime;
if (path)
self.diskPath = path;
else
self.diskPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
self.responseDictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:0];
}
return self;
}
- (NSCachedURLResponse *)cachedResponseForRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request {
if ([request.HTTPMethod compare:@"GET"] != NSOrderedSame) {
return [super cachedResponseForRequest:request];
}
return [self dataFromRequest:request];
}
- (void)removeAllCachedResponses {
[super removeAllCachedResponses];
[self deleteCacheFolder];
}
- (void)removeCachedResponseForRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request {
[super removeCachedResponseForRequest:request];
NSString *url = request.URL.absoluteString;
NSString *fileName = [self cacheRequestFileName:url];
NSString *otherInfoFileName = [self cacheRequestOtherInfoFileName:url];
NSString *filePath = [self cacheFilePath:fileName];
NSString *otherInfoPath = [self cacheFilePath:otherInfoFileName];
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
[fileManager removeItemAtPath:filePath error:nil];
[fileManager removeItemAtPath:otherInfoPath error:nil];
}
#pragma mark - custom url cache
- (NSString *)cacheFolder {
return @"URLCACHE";
}
- (void)deleteCacheFolder {
NSString *path = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", self.diskPath, [self cacheFolder]];
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
[fileManager removeItemAtPath:path error:nil];
}
- (NSString *)cacheFilePath:(NSString *)file {
NSString *path = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", self.diskPath, [self cacheFolder]];
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
BOOL isDir;
if ([fileManager fileExistsAtPath:path isDirectory:&isDir] && isDir) {
} else {
[fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:path withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil];
}
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", path, file];
}
- (NSString *)cacheRequestFileName:(NSString *)requestUrl {
return [Util md5Hash:requestUrl];
}
- (NSString *)cacheRequestOtherInfoFileName:(NSString *)requestUrl {
return [Util md5Hash:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@-otherInfo", requestUrl]];
}
- (NSCachedURLResponse *)dataFromRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request {
NSString *url = request.URL.absoluteString;
NSString *fileName = [self cacheRequestFileName:url];
NSString *otherInfoFileName = [self cacheRequestOtherInfoFileName:url];
NSString *filePath = [self cacheFilePath:fileName];
NSString *otherInfoPath = [self cacheFilePath:otherInfoFileName];
NSDate *date = [NSDate date];
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
if ([fileManager fileExistsAtPath:filePath]) {
BOOL expire = false;
NSDictionary *otherInfo = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:otherInfoPath];
if (self.cacheTime > 0) {
NSInteger createTime = [[otherInfo objectForKey:@"time"] intValue];
if (createTime + self.cacheTime < [date timeIntervalSince1970]) {
expire = true;
}
}
if (expire == false) {
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath];
NSURLResponse *response = [[NSURLResponse alloc] initWithURL:request.URL
MIMEType:[otherInfo objectForKey:@"MIMEType"]
expectedContentLength:data.length
textEncodingName:[otherInfo objectForKey:@"textEncodingName"]];
NSCachedURLResponse *cachedResponse = [[NSCachedURLResponse alloc] initWithResponse:response data:data];
return cachedResponse;
} else {
[fileManager removeItemAtPath:filePath error:nil];
[fileManager removeItemAtPath:otherInfoPath error:nil];
}
}
__block NSCachedURLResponse *cachedResponse = nil;
//sendSynchronousRequest请求也要经过NSURLCache
id boolExsite = [self.responseDictionary objectForKey:url];
if (boolExsite == nil) {
[self.responseDictionary setValue:[NSNumber numberWithBool:TRUE] forKey:url];
[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[[NSOperationQueue alloc] init] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSData *data,NSError *error)
{
[self.responseDictionary removeObjectForKey:url];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"error : %@", error);
NSLog(@"not cached: %@", request.URL.absoluteString);
cachedResponse = nil;
}
if (response) {
//save to cache
NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%f", [date timeIntervalSince1970]], @"time",
response.MIMEType, @"MIMEType",
response.textEncodingName, @"textEncodingName", nil];
[dict writeToFile:otherInfoPath atomically:YES];
[data writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
cachedResponse = [[NSCachedURLResponse alloc] initWithResponse:response data:data];
}
}];
return cachedResponse;
//NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&response error:&error];
}
return nil;
}
@end
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如何改进iOS App的离线使用体验 这篇文章很好的简述了 离线缓存的作用。
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