原文链接:http://www.th7.cn/db/nosql/201511/144465.shtml
0.进入hbase shell
./hbase shell
help
help “get” #查看单独的某个命令的帮助
1. 一般命令
- status 查看状态
- version 查看版本
2.DDL(数据定义语言Data Definition Language)命令
1. 创建表
create ‘表名称’,’列名称1’,’列名称2’,’列名称3’
如:
create 'member','member_id','address','info'
2.列出所有的表
list
list ‘abc.*’ #显示abc开头的表
3.获得表的描述
describe ‘table_name’
Table play_error_file is ENABLEDplay_error_filecolumn families description{NAME => 'cf',BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW',#根据应用来定,看需要精确到rowkey还是column。bloom filter的作用是对一个region下查找记录所在的hfile有用。一个region下hfile数量越多,bloom filter的作用越明显。适合那种compaction(压缩)赶不上flush速度的应用。VERSIONS => '1',# 通常是3,对于更新比较频繁的应用可以设置为1IN_MEMORY => 'false',KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE',DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE',TTL => 'FOREVER',COMPRESSION => 'NONE',MIN_VERSIONS => '0',BLOCKCACHE =>'true',BLOCKSIZE => '65536',REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
4.删除一个列族 alter,disable, enable
disable 'member' #删除列族时必须先将表给disablealter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}#删除后继续enable 'member'enable 'member'
5.删除表
disable 'table_name'drop 'table_name'
6.查询表是否存在
exists 'table_name'
7.判断表是否enabled
is_enabled 'table_name'
3.DML(data manipulation language)操作
1.插入
在ns1:t1或者t1表里的r1行,c1列中插入值,ts1是时间
put 'ns1:t1', 'r1','c1','value'orput 't1','r1','c1','value'orput 't1','r1','c1','value',ts1orput 't1','r1','c1','value',{ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}put 't1','r1','c1','value',ts1,{ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}put 't1','r1','c1','value',ts1,{VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET}# t是table 't1'表的引用t.put 'r1','c1','value',ts1,{ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}put 'table_name','row_index','info:age','24'put 'table_name','row_index','info:birthday','1987-06-17'put 'table_name','row_index','info:company','tencent'put 'table_name','row_index','address:contry','china'put 'table_name','row_index','address:province','china'put 'table_name','row_index','address:city','shenzhen'
2.获取一条数据
# 获取一个id的所有数据get 'table_name','row_index'# 获取一个id,一个列族的所有数据get 'table_name','row_index','info'# 获取一个id,一个列族中一个列的所有数据get 'table_name','row_index','info:age'
3.更新一条记录
将qy的单位改为qq
put ‘table_name’,’qy’,’info:company’,’qq’
4.通过timestrap来获取两个版本的数据
# 得到company为tencent的记录get 'table_name','qy',{COLUMN=>'info:company',TIMESTRAP=>1321586238965}# 得到company为qq的数据get 'table_name','qy',{COLUMN=>'info:company',TIMESTRAP=>1321586271843}
5.全表扫描
scanner规范:
TIMERANGE,
FILTER,
LIMIT,
STARTROW(start row),
STOPROW(stop row),
ROWPREFIXFILTER(row prefix filter,行前缀)
TIMESTAMP,
MAXLENGTH,
or COLUMNS,
CACHE,
or RAW,
VERSIONS
scan 'hbase:meta'scan 'hbase:meta',{COLUMNS => 'info:regioninfo'}scan 'ns1:t1',{COLUMNS=>['c1','c2'],LIMIT=>10,STARTROW=>'xyz'}scan 't1',{COLUMNS=>'c1',TIMERANGE=>[1303668804,1303668904]}scan 't1',{REVERSED=>true}scan 't1',{ ROWPREFIXFILTER=>'row2', FILTER=>"(QualifierFilter(>=,'binary:xyz')) AND (TimestampsFilter(123,456))"}scan 't1',{FILTER => org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.ColumnPaginationFilter.new(1,0)}scan 't1',{CONSISTENCY=>'TIMELINE'}设置操作属性:scan 't1',{COLUMNS => ['c1','c2'],ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}scan 't1',{COLUMNS=>['c1','c2'],AUTHORIZATIONS=>['PRIVATE','SECRET']}有个额外的选项:CACHE_BLOCKS,默认为true还有个选项:RAW,返回所有cells(包括删除的markers和uncollected deleted cells,不能用来选择特定的columns,默认为default)如:scan 't1',{RAW=>true,VERSIONS=>10}
全表扫描一般不会用,数据量大的时候会死人的。。
6.删除记录
# 删除id为temp的记录的'info:age'字段delete 'member','temp','info:age'# 删除整行deleteall 'member','temp'
7.查询表中有多少行
count 'table_name'or有对表t1的引用tt.count
8.清空表
truncate 'table_name'HBase是先将表disable,再drop the table,最后creating table。
5.scan查询
1.限制条件
scan ‘qy’,{COLUMNS=>’name’}
scan ‘qy’,{COLUMNS=>’name:gender’}
scan ‘qy’,{COLUMNS=>[‘name’,’foo’]}
限制查找条数:
scan ‘qy’,{COLUMNS=>[‘name’,’foo’],LIMIT=>1}
scan ‘qy’,{COLUMNS=>[‘name’,’foo’],LIMIT=>2}
限制时间范围:
scan ‘qy’,{TIMERANGE=>[1448045892646,1448045892647]}
2.filter 过滤部分
PrefixFilter:rowKey前缀过滤
scan ‘qy’,{FILTER=>”PrefixFilter(‘001’)”}
scan ‘qy’,{FILTER=>PrefixFilter(‘t’)}
QualifierFilter:列过滤器
QualifierFilter对列的名称进行过滤,而不是列的值。
scan ‘qy’,{FILTER=>”PrefixFilter(‘t’) AND QualifierFilter(>=,’binary:b’)”}
TimestampsFilter:时间戳过滤器
scan ‘qy’,{FILTER=>”TimestampsFilter(1448069941270,1548069941230)” }
scan ‘qy’,{FILTER=>”(QualifierFilter(>=,’binary:b’)) AND (TimestampsFilter(1348069941270,1548069941270))” }
ColumnPaginationFilter
scan ‘qy’,{FILTER=>org.apache.hbase.filter.ColumnPaginationFilter.new(2,0)}
cannot load Java class org.apache.hbase.filter.ColumnPaginationFilter
hbase shell应用filter
1.导入需要的类
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.CompareFilterimport org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.SingleColumnValueFilterimport org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.SubstringComparatorimport org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes
2.执行命令
scan 'tablename',STARTROW=>'start',COLUMNS=>['family:qualifier'],FILTER=>SingleColumnValueFilter.new(Bytes.toBytes('family'),Bytes.toBytes('qualifier'))