2015-09-29
[root@mdb ~]# vim /etc/hosts 10.10.2.87 mdb #下载安装包 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/ mkdir -p /usr/local/src/oracle mv linux.x64_11gR2_client.zip /usr/local/src/oracle mv linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip /usr/local/src/oracle mv linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip /usr/local/src/oracle #解压安装包 cd /usr/local/src/oracle unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip && unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip #安装基础包 yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static glibc glibc-common glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel kernel-headers pdksh pcre-devel #创建组、用户 groupadd oinstall && groupadd dba && useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle && id oracle #修改内核参数 vim /etc/sysctl.conf #添加以下内容 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 1073741824 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 #使内核新配置生效 sysctl -p #修改用户限制 vim /etc/security/limits.conf #添加以下内容 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 #修改/etc/pam.d/login文件 vim /etc/pam.d/login #添加以下内容 session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so #修改/etc/profile文件 vim /etc/profile #添加以下内容 if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi #创建目录 mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0 mkdir /u01/app/oracle/{oradata,inventory,fast_recovery_area} chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle #设置oracle用户环境变量 su - oracle vim .bash_profile #添加以下内容 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0 ORACLE_SID=orcl PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH #编辑静默安装响应文件 cp -R /usr/local/src/oracle/database/response/ . cd response/ vim db_install.rsp #设置以下内容 oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY ORACLE_HOSTNAME=mdb UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/inventory SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true #根据响应文件静默安装Oracle 11g cd /usr/local/src/oracle/database/ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq #打开终端,以root身份登录,执行脚本: ctrl +d sh /u01/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh #以静默方式配置监听 su - oracle netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/response/netca.rsp netstat -tnulp | grep 1521 #以静默方式建立新库,和实例 vim /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp #设置以下参数 GDBNAME = "orcl" SID = "orcl" SYSPASSWORD = "oracle" SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle" SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle" DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle" DATAFILEDESTINATION =/u01/app/oracle/oradata RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8" TOTALMEMORY = "1638" #启用配置 dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp #检查实例进程 ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep #查看监听状态 lsnrctl status #登录查看实例状态 sqlplus / as sysdba SQL> select status from v$instance; #开机自启动设置,可以用dbstart、dbshut启动、关闭oracle服务 vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbshut ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME vim /etc/oratab orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:Y #切换到root,建立启动脚本,可以用service命令启动、关闭、重启oracle服务 ctrl+d vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle #----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #!/bin/bash # oracle: Start/Stop Oracle Database 11g R2 # chkconfig: 345 90 10 # description: The Oracle Database is an Object-Relational Database Management System. # . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions LOCKFILE=/var/lock/subsys/oracle ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0 ORACLE_USER=oracle case "$1" in 'start') if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then echo $0 already running. exit 1 fi echo -n $"Starting Oracle Database:" su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME" su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole" touch $LOCKFILE ;; 'stop') if [ ! -f $LOCKFILE ]; then echo $0 already stopping. exit 1 fi echo -n $"Stopping Oracle Database:" su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut" su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole" rm -f $LOCKFILE ;; 'restart') $0 stop $0 start ;; 'status') if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then echo $0 started. else echo $0 stopped. fi ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 [start|stop|status]" exit 1 esac exit 0 #------------------------------------------------------------------- #修改/etc/init.d/oracle服务文件权限 chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle #设置启动级别 chkconfig oracle on #进行service oracle start/stop/restart测试 service oracle start/stop/restart
参考资料
[1] 林树泽.Oracle 11g R2 DBA操作指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013
[2] 自己动手 CentOS-6.5 安装Oracle11g R2
[3] Oracle11gR2 for Linux 静默安装
[4] RHEL6(CentOS6)安装 Oracle 11g R2 手记(完整详细可用版)
[5] Linux系统(X64)安装Oracle11g完整安装图文教程另附基本操作
[6] Oracle 11g R2+RAC+ASM+OracleLinux6.4安装详解(图)
[7] CentOS 6.4上安装 Oracle 11g R2图文教程
[8] Oracle RAC -安装图解
[9] CentOs 6.3_64静默安装oracle11g_r2
[10] Oracle 11g R2静默安装
[11] oracle 11g R2静默安装
[12] CentOS-6.4-x64上静默安装Oracle 11g R2 (11.2.0.3)
[13] Oracle Database 11g R2 RAC 静默安装文档
[14] Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.1.0)
[15] SQL Developer 4.1.2
[16] Oracle Linux 6 Repositories