NSString,NSMutableString,NSValue,NSArray 用法

//一、NSString

　　/*----------------创建字符串的方法----------------*/

　　//1、创建常量字符串。

　　NSString *astring = @"This is a String!";

　　//2、创建空字符串，给予赋值。

　　NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];

　　astring = @"This is a String!";

　　NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

　　[astring release];

　　//3、在以上方法中，提升速度:initWithString方法

　　NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];

　　NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

　　[astring release];

　　//4、用标准c创建字符串:initWithCString方法

　　char *Cstring = "This is a String!";

　　NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithCString:Cstring];

　　NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

　　[astring release];

　　//5、创建格式化字符串:占位符(由一个%加一个字符组成)

　　int i = 1;

　　int j = 2;

　　NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.This is %i string!",i,j]];

　　NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

　　[astring release];

　　//6、创建临时字符串

　　NSString *astring;

　　astring = [NSString stringWithCString:"This is a temporary string"];

　　NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

　　/*----------------从文件读取字符串:initWithContentsOfFile方法 ----------------*/

　　NSString *path = @"astring.text";

　　NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];

　　NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

　　[astring release];

　　/*----------------写字符串到文件:writeToFile方法 ----------------*/

　　NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];

　　NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

　　NSString *path = @"astring.text";

　　[astring writeToFile: path atomically: YES];

　　[astring release];

/*---------------- 比较两个字符串----------------*/

　　//用C比较:strcmp函数

　　char string1[] = "string!";

　　char string2[] = "string!";

　　if(strcmp(string1, string2) = = 0)

　　{

　　NSLog(@"1");

　　}

　　//isEqualToString方法

　　NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";

　　NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

　　BOOL result = [astring01 isEqualToString:astring02];

　　NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

　　//compare方法(comparer返回的三种值)

　　NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";

　　NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

　　BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;

　　NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

　　//NSOrderedSame 判断两者内容是否相同

　　NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";

　　NSString *astring02 = @"this is a String!";

　　BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedAscending;

　　NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

　　//NSOrderedAscending 判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02大于astring01为真)

　　NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";

　　NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

　　BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedDescending;

　　NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

　　//NSOrderedDescending 判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)

　　//不考虑大 小写比较字符串1

　　NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";

　　NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

　　BOOL result = [astring01 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;

　　NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

　　//NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为 真)

　　//不考虑大小写比较字符串2

　　NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";

　　NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";

BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02

　　options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] = = NSOrderedSame;

　　NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

　　//NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较 NSLiteralSearch:进行完全比较，区分大小写 NSNumericSearch:比较字符串的字符个数，而不是字符值。

　　/*----------------改变字符串的大小写----------------*/

　　NSString *string1 = @"A String";

　　NSString *string2 = @"String";

　　NSLog(@"string1:%@",[string1 uppercaseString]);//大写

　　NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 lowercaseString]);//小写

　　NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 capitalizedString]);//首字母大小

　　/*----------------在串中搜索子串 ----------------*/

　　NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";

　　NSString *string2 = @"string";

　　NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];

　　int location = range.location;

　　int leight = range.length;

　　NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]];

　　NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

　　[astring release];

　　/*----------------抽取子串 ----------------*/

　　//-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符

　　NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";

　　NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];

　　NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);

　　//-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始(包括指定位置的字符)，并包括之后的全部字符

　　NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";

　　NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];

　　NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);

　　//-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串

　　NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";

　　NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];

　　NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);

//快速枚举

　　//for(NSString *filename in direnum)

　　//{

　　// if([[filename pathExtension] isEqualToString:@"jpg"]){

　　// [files addObject:filename];

　　// }

　　//}

　　NSLog(@"files:%@",files);

　　//枚举

　　NSEnumerator *filenum;

　　filenum = [files objectEnumerator];

　　while (filename = [filenum nextObject]) {

　　NSLog(@"filename:%@",filename);

　　}

　　@"b",@"a",@"e",@"d",@"c",@"f",@"h",@"g",nil];

　　NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);

　　NSEnumerator *enumerator;

　　enumerator = [oldArray objectEnumerator];

　　id obj;

　　while(obj = [enumerator nextObject])

　　{

　　[newArray addObject: obj];

　　}

　　[newArray sortUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];

　　NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);

　　[newArray release];

　　/*--------------------------- 切分数组------------------------------*/

　　//从字符串分割到数组- componentsSeparatedByString:

　　NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"One,Two,Three,Four"];

　　NSLog(@"string:%@",string);

　　NSArray *array = [string componentsSeparatedByString:@","];

　　NSLog(@"array:%@",array);

　　[string release];

　　//从数组合并元素到字符串- componentsJoinedByString:

　　NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];

　　NSString *string = [array componentsJoinedByString:@","];

　　NSLog(@"string:%@",string);

　　/************************************************************************

　　NSMutableArray

　　*************************************************************************/

　　/*--------------- 给数组分配容量----------------*/

　　//NSArray *array;

　　array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:20];

　　/*-------------- 在数组末尾添加对象----------------*/

//- (void) addObject: (id) anObject;

　　//NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

　　@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];

　　[array addObject:@"Four"];

　　NSLog(@"array:%@",array);

　　/*-------------- 删除数组中指定索引处对象----------------*/

　　//-(void) removeObjectAtIndex: (unsigned) index;

　　//NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

　　@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];

　　[array removeObjectAtIndex:1];

　　NSLog(@"array:%@",array);

　　/*------------- 数组枚举---------------*/

　　//- (NSEnumerator *)objectEnumerator;从前向后

　　//NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

　　@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];

　　NSEnumerator *enumerator;

　　enumerator = [array objectEnumerator];

　　id thingie;

　　while (thingie = [enumerator nextObject]) {

　　NSLog(@"thingie:%@",thingie);

　　}

　　//- (NSEnumerator *)reverseObjectEnumerator;从后向前

　　//NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

　　@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];

　　NSEnumerator *enumerator;

　　enumerator = [array reverseObjectEnumerator];

　　id object;

　　while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) {

　　NSLog(@"object:%@",object);

　　}

　　//快速枚举

　　//NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:

　　@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];

　　for(NSString *string in array)

　　{

　　NSLog(@"string:%@",string);

　　}

　　/*****************************************************************************

　　NSDictionary

　　***************************************************************************/

　　/*------------------------------------创建字典 ------------------------------------*/

　　//- (id) initWithObjectsAndKeys;

//NSDictionary *dictionary = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"One",@"1",@"Two",@"2",@"Three",@"3",nil];

　　NSString *string = [dictionary objectForKey:@"One"];

　　NSLog(@"string:%@",string);

　　NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);

　　[dictionary release];

　　/********************************************************************************

　　NSMutableDictionary

　　********************************************************************************/

　　/*------------------------------------创建可变字典 ------------------------------------*/

　　//创建

　　NSMutableDictionary *dictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

　　//添加字典

　　[dictionary setObject:@"One" forKey:@"1"];

　　[dictionary setObject:@"Two" forKey:@"2"];

　　[dictionary setObject:@"Three" forKey:@"3"];

　　[dictionary setObject:@"Four" forKey:@"4"];

　　NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);

　　//删除指定的字典

　　[dictionary removeObjectForKey:@"3"];

　　NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);

　　/******************************************************************************

　　NSValue(对任何对象进行包装)

　　****************************************************************************/

　　/*--------------------------------将NSRect放入NSArray中 ------------------------------------*/

　　//将NSRect放入NSArray中

　　NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

　　NSValue *value;

　　CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480);

　　value = [NSValue valueWithBytes:&rect objCType:@encode(CGRect)];

　　[array addObject:value];

　　NSLog(@"array:%@",array);

　　//从Array中 提取

　　value = [array objectAtIndex:0];

　　[value getValue:&rect];

　　NSLog(@"value:%@",value);

　　/**************************************************************************

从目录搜索扩展名为jpg的文件

　　*****************************************************************************/

　　//NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];

　　NSString *home;

　　home = @"../Users/";

　　NSDirectoryEnumerator *direnum;

　　direnum = [fileManager enumeratorAtPath: home];

　　NSMutableArray *files = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

　　//枚举

　　NSString *filename;

　　while (filename = [direnum nextObject]) {

　　if([[filename pathExtension] hasSuffix:@"jpg"]){

　　[files addObject:filename];

　　}

　　}

　　//扩展路径

　　NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";

　　NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];

　　NSLog(@"absolutePath:%@",absolutePath);

　　NSLog(@"Path:%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);

　　//文件扩展名

　　NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";

　　NSLog(@"Extension:%@",[Path pathExtension]);

　　/***********************************************************************

　　NSMutableString

　　***********************************************************************/

　　/*---------------给字符串分配容量----------------*/

　　//stringWithCapacity:

　　NSMutableString *String;

　　String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];

　　/*---------------在已有字符串后面添加字符----------------*/

　　//appendString: and appendFormat:

　　NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];

　　//[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"];

　　[String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]];

　　NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

　　*/

　　/*-------- 在已有字符串中按照所给出范围和长度删除字符------*/

/*

　　//deleteCharactersInRange:

　　NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];

　　[String1 deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 5)];

　　NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

　　/*--------在已有字符串后面在所指定的位置中插入给出的字符串------*/

　　//-insertString: atIndex:

　　NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];

　　[String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0];

　　NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

　　/*--------将已有的空符串换成其它的字符串------*/

　　//-setString:

　　NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];

　　[String1 setString:@"Hello Word!"];

　　NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

　　/*--------按照所给出的范围，和字符串替换的原有的字符------*/

　　//-setString:

　　NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];

　　[String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"];

　　NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

　　/*-------------判断字符串内是否还包含别的字符串(前缀，后缀)-------------*/

　　//01： 检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头- (BOOL) hasPrefix: (NSString *) aString;

　　NSString *String1 = @"NSStringInformation.txt";

　　[String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ? NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");

　　[String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ? NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");

　　//02： 查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串 - (NSRange) rangeOfString: (NSString *) aString，这一点前面在串中搜索子串用到过;

　　/**************************************************************************

　　NSArray

　　****************************************************************************/

　　/*---------------------------创建数组 ------------------------------*/

//NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:

　　@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];

　　self.dataArray = array;

　　[array release];

　　//- (unsigned) Count;数组所包含对象个数;

　　NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound:%d",[self.dataArray count]);

　　//- (id) objectAtIndex: (unsigned int) index;获取指定索引处的对象;

　　NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound 2:%@",[self.dataArray objectAtIndex:2]);

　　/*-------------------------- 从一个数组拷贝数据到另一数组(可变数级)----------------------------*/

　　//arrayWithArray:

　　//NSArray *array1 = [[NSArray alloc] init];

　　NSMutableArray *MutableArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

　　NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

　　@"a",@"b",@"c",nil];

　　NSLog(@"array:%@",array);

　　MutableArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:array];

　　NSLog(@"MutableArray:%@",MutableArray);

　　array1 = [NSArray arrayWithArray:array];

　　NSLog(@"array1:%@",array1);

　　//Copy

　　//id obj;

　　NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

　　NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

　　@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];

　　NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);

　　for(int i = 0; i < [oldArray count]; i++)

　　{

　　obj = [[oldArray objectAtIndex:i] copy];

　　[newArray addObject: obj];

　　}

　　//

　　NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);

　　[newArray release];

　　//快速枚举

　　//NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

　　NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

　　@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];

　　NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);

　　for(id obj in oldArray)

　　{

　　[newArray addObject: obj];

　　}

　　//

　　NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);

[newArray release];

　　//Deep copy

　　//NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

　　NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

　　@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];

　　NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);

　　newArray = (NSMutableArray*)CFPropertyListCreateDeepCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, (CFPropertyListRef)oldArray, kCFPropertyListMutableContainers);

　　NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);

　　[newArray release];

　　//Copy and sort

　　//NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

　　NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: