1. JDK基础说明-CSDN博客

1. JDK基础说明

版本及新特性获取

作为技术人，关注新技术必不可少，那么最佳的途径。。。看下面。

在 Oracle Java 官方站点有这个非常好的引导地图

官方站点 https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/

java版本变化图

主要的几点

Java 官方学习路线

Java Tutorials Learning Paths

java官方教程

在接下来的文章中我会按照官方推荐路线进行分析源码和思维导图（客户端的我就不关注了^_^，感兴趣的小伙伴自己去理解和分析源码吧）。

为了更好地理解和分析源码，我们来看下Java™平台标准版的API规范中对每个包的说明。

在这里同样我会省略和客户端开发相关的数据。

Package	Description	我的说明
java.util	Contains the collections framework, legacy collection classes, event model, date and time facilities, internationalization, and miscellaneous utility classes (a string tokenizer, a random-number generator, and a bit array).	这个家伙厉害，重要的集合框架都在这里
java.util.concurrent	Utility classes commonly useful in concurrent programming.	这个前缀的家伙更厉害，高并发控制，中间件开发必须精通
java.util.concurrent.atomic	A small toolkit of classes that support lock-free thread-safe programming on single variables.	OK
java.util.concurrent.locks	Interfaces and classes providing a framework for locking and waiting for conditions that is distinct from built-in synchronization and monitors.	OK
java.util.function	Functional interfaces provide target types for lambda expressions and method references.	OK
java.util.jar	Provides classes for reading and writing the JAR (Java ARchive) file format, which is based on the standard ZIP file format with an optional manifest file.	OK
java.util.logging	Provides the classes and interfaces of the JavaTM 2 platform's core logging facilities.	OK
java.util.prefs	This package allows applications to store and retrieve user and system preference and configuration data.	OK
java.util.regex	Classes for matching character sequences against patterns specified by regular expressions.	OK
java.util.spi	Service provider classes for the classes in the java.util package.	OK
java.util.stream	Classes to support functional-style operations on streams of elements, such as map-reduce transformations on collections.	OK
java.util.zip	Provides classes for reading and writing the standard ZIP and GZIP file formats.	OK
java.lang.ref	Provides reference-object classes, which support a limited degree of interaction with the garbage collector.	OK
java.lang.reflect	Provides classes and interfaces for obtaining reflective information about classes and objects.	反射是框架的核心，精通必不可少。
java.nio	Defines buffers, which are containers for data, and provides an overview of the other NIO packages.	OK
java.nio.channels	Defines channels, which represent connections to entities that are capable of performing I/O operations, such as files and sockets; defines selectors, for multiplexed, non-blocking I/O operations.	OK
java.nio.channels.spi	Service-provider classes for the java.nio.channels package.	OK
java.nio.charset	Defines charsets, decoders, and encoders, for translating between bytes and Unicode characters.	OK
java.nio.charset.spi	Service-provider classes for the java.nio.charset package.	OK
java.nio.file	Defines interfaces and classes for the Java virtual machine to access files, file attributes, and file systems.	OK
java.nio.file.attribute	Interfaces and classes providing access to file and file system attributes.	OK
java.nio.file.spi	Service-provider classes for the java.nio.file package.	OK
java.beans	Contains classes related to developing beans -- components based on the JavaBeans™ architecture.	OK
java.beans.beancontext	Provides classes and interfaces relating to bean context.	OK
java.io	Provides for system input and output through data streams, serialization and the file system.	OK
java.lang	Provides classes that are fundamental to the design of the Java programming language.	OK
java.lang.annotation	Provides library support for the Java programming language annotation facility.	OK
java.lang.instrument	Provides services that allow Java programming language agents to instrument programs running on the JVM.	OK
java.lang.invoke	The java.lang.invoke package contains dynamic language support provided directly by the Java core class libraries and virtual machine.	OK
java.lang.management	Provides the management interfaces for monitoring and management of the Java virtual machine and other components in the Java runtime.	OK
java.math	Provides classes for performing arbitrary-precision integer arithmetic (BigInteger) and arbitrary-precision decimal arithmetic (BigDecimal).	OK
java.net	Provides the classes for implementing networking applications.	OK
java.rmi	Provides the RMI package.	OK
java.rmi.activation	Provides support for RMI Object Activation.	OK
java.rmi.dgc	Provides classes and interface for RMI distributed garbage-collection (DGC).	OK
java.rmi.registry	Provides a class and two interfaces for the RMI registry.	OK
java.rmi.server	Provides classes and interfaces for supporting the server side of RMI.	OK
java.security	Provides the classes and interfaces for the security framework.	OK
java.security.acl	The classes and interfaces in this package have been superseded by classes in the java.security package.	已被 java.security 包替代
java.security.cert	Provides classes and interfaces for parsing and managing certificates, certificate revocation lists (CRLs), and certification paths.	OK
java.security.interfaces	Provides interfaces for generating RSA (Rivest, Shamir and Adleman AsymmetricCipher algorithm) keys as defined in the RSA Laboratory Technical Note PKCS#1, and DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm) keys as defined in NIST's FIPS-186.	OK
java.security.spec	Provides classes and interfaces for key specifications and algorithm parameter specifications.	OK
java.sql	Provides the API for accessing and processing data stored in a data source (usually a relational database) using the JavaTM programming language.	OK
java.text	Provides classes and interfaces for handling text, dates, numbers, and messages in a manner independent of natural languages.	OK
java.text.spi	Service provider classes for the classes in the java.text package.	OK
java.time	The main API for dates, times, instants, and durations.	OK
java.time.chrono	Generic API for calendar systems other than the default ISO.	OK
java.time.format	Provides classes to print and parse dates and times.	OK
java.time.temporal	Access to date and time using fields and units, and date time adjusters.	OK
java.time.zone	Support for time-zones and their rules.	OK
javax.annotation	略	OK
javax.annotation.processing	Facilities for declaring annotation processors and for allowing annotation processors to communicate with an annotation processing tool environment.	OK
javax.lang.model	Classes and hierarchies of packages used to model the Java programming language.	OK
javax.lang.model.element	Interfaces used to model elements of the Java programming language.	OK
javax.lang.model.type	Interfaces used to model Java programming language types.	OK
javax.lang.model.util	Utilities to assist in the processing of program elements and types.	OK
javax.management	Provides the core classes for the Java Management Extensions.	OK
javax.management.loading	Provides the classes which implement advanced dynamic loading.	OK
javax.management.modelmbean	Provides the definition of the ModelMBean classes.	OK
javax.management.monitor	Provides the definition of the monitor classes.	OK
javax.management.openmbean	Provides the open data types and Open MBean descriptor classes.	OK
javax.management.relation	Provides the definition of the Relation Service.	OK
javax.management.remote	Interfaces for remote access to JMX MBean servers.	OK
javax.management.remote.rmi	The RMI connector is a connector for the JMX Remote API that uses RMI to transmit client requests to a remote MBean server.	OK
javax.management.timer	Provides the definition of the Timer MBean.	OK
javax.naming	Provides the classes and interfaces for accessing naming services.	OK
javax.naming.directory	Extends the javax.naming package to provide functionality for accessing directory services.	OK
javax.naming.event	Provides support for event notification when accessing naming and directory services.	OK
javax.naming.ldap	Provides support for LDAPv3 extended operations and controls.	OK
javax.net	Provides classes for networking applications.	OK
javax.net.ssl	Provides classes for the secure socket package.	OK
javax.print	Provides the principal classes and interfaces for the JavaTM Print Service API.	OK
javax.print.attribute	Provides classes and interfaces that describe the types of JavaTM Print Service attributes and how they can be collected into attribute sets.	OK
javax.print.attribute.standard	Package javax.print.attribute.standard contains classes for specific printing attributes.	OK
javax.print.event	Package javax.print.event contains event classes and listener interfaces.	OK
javax.rmi	Contains user APIs for RMI-IIOP.	OK
javax.rmi.CORBA	Contains portability APIs for RMI-IIOP.	OK
javax.rmi.ssl	Provides implementations of RMIClientSocketFactory and RMIServerSocketFactory over the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols.	OK
javax.script	The scripting API consists of interfaces and classes that define Java TM Scripting Engines and provides a framework for their use in Java applications.	OK
javax.security.auth	This package provides a framework for authentication and authorization.	OK
javax.security.auth.callback	This package provides the classes necessary for services to interact with applications in order to retrieve information (authentication data including usernames or passwords, for example) or to display information (error and warning messages, for example).	OK
javax.security.auth.kerberos	This package contains utility classes related to the Kerberos network authentication protocol.	OK
javax.security.auth.login	This package provides a pluggable authentication framework.	OK
javax.security.auth.spi	This package provides the interface to be used for implementing pluggable authentication modules.	OK
javax.security.auth.x500	This package contains the classes that should be used to store X500 Principal and X500 Private Credentials in a Subject.	OK
javax.security.cert	Provides classes for public key certificates.	OK
javax.security.sasl	Contains class and interfaces for supporting SASL.	OK
javax.sql	Provides the API for server side data source access and processing from the JavaTM programming language.	OK
javax.sql.rowset	Standard interfaces and base classes for JDBC RowSet implementations.	OK
javax.sql.rowset.serial	Provides utility classes to allow serializable mappings between SQL types and data types in the Java programming language.	OK
javax.sql.rowset.spi	The standard classes and interfaces that a third party vendor has to use in its implementation of a synchronization provider.	OK
javax.tools	Provides interfaces for tools which can be invoked from a program, for example, compilers.	OK
javax.transaction	Contains three exceptions thrown by the ORB machinery during unmarshalling.	OK
javax.transaction.xa	Provides the API that defines the contract between the transaction manager and the resource manager, which allows the transaction manager to enlist and delist resource objects (supplied by the resource manager driver) in JTA transactions.	OK
javax.xml	略	OK
org.w3c.dom	略	OK