模板方法模式:在一个方法中定义一个算法的骨架,而将一些步骤延迟到子类。模板方法使得子类在不改变算法结构的情况下,重新定义算法中的某些步骤。
贴上代码:
模板类:
package cn.template.demo;
/**
* 模板:其中boilWater()和pourInCup() 方法是共有的, brew()和addCondiments();是需要在子类中自行实现的。
* customerWantsCondiments()是个钩子,它使得addCondiments()方法可以 根据子类不同的情况来决定是否实现
* @author wy
*
*/
public abstract class CaffeBeverageWithHook {
public void prepareRecipe() {
boilWater();
brew();
pourInCup();
if (customerWantsCondiments()) {
addCondiments();
}
}
abstract void brew();
abstract void addCondiments();
void boilWater() {
System.out.println("boli water....");
}
void pourInCup() {
System.out.println("pouring...");
}
// 钩子
boolean customerWantsCondiments() {
return true;
}
}
继承的子类:
package cn.template.demo;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
/**
* 繼承自模板類,重寫了brew()和addCondiments()和customerWantsCondiments()三個方法
* @author wy
*
*/
public class CoffeWithHook extends CaffeBeverageWithHook {
@Override
void brew() {
System.out.println("brew...");
}
@Override
void addCondiments() {
System.out.println("add milk and sugar...");
}
@Override
boolean customerWantsCondiments() {
String answer = getUserInput();
if (answer.toLowerCase().startsWith("y")) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
public String getUserInput() {
String answer = null;
System.err.println("Would you like a coffee,Sir?");
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
System.in));
try {
answer = reader.readLine();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (answer == null) {
return "no";
}
return answer;
}
}
测试类:
package cn.template.demo;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CoffeWithHook coffeWithHook = new CoffeWithHook();
coffeWithHook.prepareRecipe();
}
}
运行之后,控制台打印:
boli water....
brew...
pouring...
Would you like a coffee,Sir?
如果输入:yes,控制台变成
boli water....
brew...
pouring...
Would you like a coffee,Sir?
yes
add milk and sugar...
又加入了milk和sugar;
如果输入:no,控制台变成:
boli water....
brew...
pouring...
Would you like a coffee,Sir?
no
输入no,没有反应,这是钩子在起作用