1,查询数据库的7个标准步骤
1)载入JDBC驱动程序
只需要在Class.forName方法中指定数据库驱动程序类名。
try
{
Class.forName( " connect.microsoft.MicrosoftDriver " );
Class.forName( " oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver " );
Class.forName( " com.sybase.jdbc.SybDriver " );
} catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
System.err.println( " Error loading driver: " + cnfe);
}
Class.forName( " connect.microsoft.MicrosoftDriver " );
Class.forName( " oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver " );
Class.forName( " com.sybase.jdbc.SybDriver " );
} catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
System.err.println( " Error loading driver: " + cnfe);
}
2)定义URL
连接URL是指服务器的主机名,端口以及希望与之建立连接的数据库名
String host
=
"
dbhost.yourcompany.com
"
;
String dbName = " someName " ;
int port = 1234 ;
String oracleURL = " jdbc:oracle:thin:@ " + host +
" : " + port + " : " + dbName;
String sybaseURL = " jdbc:sybase:Tds: " + host +
" : " + port + " : " + " ?SERVICENAME= " + dbName;
String msAccessURL = " jdbc:odbc: " + dbName;
String dbName = " someName " ;
int port = 1234 ;
String oracleURL = " jdbc:oracle:thin:@ " + host +
" : " + port + " : " + dbName;
String sybaseURL = " jdbc:sybase:Tds: " + host +
" : " + port + " : " + " ?SERVICENAME= " + dbName;
String msAccessURL = " jdbc:odbc: " + dbName;
3)建立连接
有了连接URL,用户名,密码,就可以建立到数据库
String username
=
"
jay_debesee
"
;
String password = " secret " ;
Connection connection =
DriverManager.getConnection(oracleURL, username, password);
String password = " secret " ;
Connection connection =
DriverManager.getConnection(oracleURL, username, password);
4)创建Statement对象
创建Statement对象才能向数据库发送查询和命令
Statement statement
=
connection.createStatement();
5)执行查询或更新
有了Statement对象后,就可以使用execute,executeQuary,executeUpdate或executeBatch方法发送SQL语句到数据库
String query
=
"
SELECT col1, col2, col3 FROM sometable
"
;
ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(query);
ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(query);
6)结果处理
数据库查询执行完毕后,返回一个ResultSet,ResultSet表示一系列的行和列,可以使用next和各种getXxx方法来处理这些行和列
next/previous
getXxx
wasNull
findColumn
getRow 等方法
7)关闭连接
connection.close();