DRF视图组件：
CVB模式继承----五层 from django.views import View # Django的View from rest_framework.views import APIView # drf的APIView继承View from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView, CreateAPIView # drf的GenericAPIView继承APIView # 以下CBV需要在路由的as_view()中添加对应参数---请求方式和函数的映射：无参数{'get':'list','post':'create'},带参数{'get':'retrive'} from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet # drf的GenericViewSet继承ViewSetMixin和GenericAPIView，路由改变：需指定请求方法--视图函数映射 from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet # drf的ModelViewSet继承查（多条）、增、查（单条）、删、改和GenericViewSet，共有一个视图即可，路由有改变：需指定请求方法--视图函数（默认继承类处理）映射 一般多用APIView,对于基本的增删改查可直接使用ModelViewSet
models.py
class UserGroup(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=10)
urls.py
drf主路由配置urls.py：
from django.conf.urls import url,include urlpatterns = [ url(r'^api/', include('api.urls')), ]
api主路由配置urls.py:
from django.conf.urls import url from api import views urlpatterns = [ # 继承APIView的路由写法 url(r'^(?P<version>v[\d+])/groups1/$', views.UserGroupView1.as_view(), ), url(r'^(?P<version>v[\d+])/group1/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.UserGroupView11.as_view(), ), #继承GenericAPIView的路由写法 url(r'^(?P<version>v[\d+])/groups2/$', views.UserGroupView2.as_view(), ), url(r'^(?P<version>v[\d+])/group2/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.UserGroupView22.as_view(), ), # 继承GenericViewSet的路由 url(r'^(?P<version>v[\d+])/groups3/$', views.UserGroupView3.as_view({'get':'list','post':'create'}), ), url(r'^(?P<version>v[\d+])/group3/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.UserGroupView33.as_view({'get':'retrieve','put':'update','delete':'destroy'}), ),# 默认就是pk,或者自定义但需要指定但要在类中定义lookup_url_kwarg # 继承ModelViewSet的路由(执行同一个视图即可，有视图继承的不同类分别进行处理) url(r'^(?P<version>v[\d+])/groups4/$', views.UserGroupView4.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}), ), url(r'^(?P<version>v[\d+])/group4/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.UserGroupView4.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'delete': 'destroy'}), ), # 默认就是pk,或者自定义但需要指定但要在类中定义lookup_url_kwarg ]
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse from rest_framework import serializers from api import models from rest_framework.response import Response#DRF自带，可自动进行序列化 #序列化器 class UserGroupSerializer1(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = models.UserGroup fields = "__all__" #1.继承APIView的CBV写法 from rest_framework.views import APIView class UserGroupView1(APIView): def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): groups = models.UserGroup.objects.all() ser_groups = UserGroupSerializer1(instance=groups, many=True) ret = ser_groups.data return Response(ret) def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): ser_data = UserGroupSerializer1(data=request.data) if ser_data.is_valid(): # 序列化器校验 ser_data.save() # 返回当前对象（序列化有instance就是更新） else: return Response(ser_data.errors) return self.get(request, *args, **kwargs) class UserGroupView11(APIView): def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): pk = kwargs.get('pk') group = models.UserGroup.objects.get(pk=pk) ser_group = UserGroupSerializer1(instance=group) # many默认就是False ret = ser_group.data return Response(ret) def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs): pk = kwargs.get('pk') group = models.UserGroup.objects.get(pk=pk) ser_data = UserGroupSerializer1(instance=group, data=request.data) if ser_data.is_valid(): r = ser_data.save() print(r) else: return Response(ser_data.errors) return self.get(request, *args, **kwargs) def patch(self, request, *args, **kwargs): pass def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs): pass #2.继承GenericAPIView的CBV写法(不实用--看源码) from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView, CreateAPIView class UserGroupView2(GenericAPIView): # filter_backends#配置过滤字段 queryset = models.UserGroup.objects.all() serializer_class = UserGroupSerializer1#指定序列化器 pagination_class = PageNumberPagination#自定分页类 def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): groups = self.get_queryset() page_groups = self.paginate_queryset(groups) ser_data = self.get_serializer(instance=page_groups, many=True) ret =ser_data.data return Response(ret) def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs): ser_data = UserGroupSerializer1(data=request.data) if ser_data.is_valid(): # 序列化器校验 ser_data.save() # 返回当前对象（序列化有instance就是更新） else: return Response(ser_data.errors) return self.get(request, *args, **kwargs) class UserGroupView22(GenericAPIView): # filter_backends#配置过滤字段 queryset = models.UserGroup.objects.all() serializer_class = UserGroupSerializer1 lookup_field = 'pk'#指定字段（默认）--获取单个对象用 def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): obj = self.get_object() ser_data = self.get_serializer(instance=obj,many=False) ret = ser_data.data return Response(ret) def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs): pk = kwargs.get('pk') pass def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs): pass #3.继承GenericViewSet的CBV写法(注意路由的改变--请求与函数映射，函数名可自定义或采用默认，但必须对应) from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet class UserGroupView3(GenericViewSet): queryset = models.UserGroup.objects.all() serializer_class = UserGroupSerializer1 pagination_class = PageNumberPagination def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs): groups = self.get_queryset() page_groups = self.paginate_queryset(groups) ser_data = self.get_serializer(instance=page_groups, many=True) ret =ser_data.data return Response(ret) def create(self,request,*args,**kwargs): ser_data = UserGroupSerializer1(data=request.data) if ser_data.is_valid(): # 序列化器校验 ser_data.save() # 返回当前对象（序列化有instance就是更新） else: return Response(ser_data.errors) return Response('post--create--ok!') class UserGroupView33(GenericViewSet): queryset = models.UserGroup.objects.all() serializer_class = UserGroupSerializer1 lookup_field = 'pk'#指定字段（默认）--获取单个对象用 def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs): obj = self.get_object() ser_data = self.get_serializer(instance=obj, many=False) ret = ser_data.data return Response(ret) def update(self, request, *args, **kwargs): obj = self.get_object()#获取当前对象通过指定字段lookup_field ser_data = self.get_serializer(instance=obj,data=request.data, many=False) if ser_data.is_valid(): ser_data.save() else: return Response(ser_data.errors) return HttpResponse('put--update--ok!') def destroy(self, request, *args, **kwargs): models.UserGroup.objects.get(pk=self.lookup_field).delete() return HttpResponse('delete--destroy--ok!') #4.继承ModelViewSet（继承6个类）的CBV写法(注意路由的改变--请求与函数（采用默认的类自己处理）映射)#针对简单的增删改查适用 from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet class UserGroupView4(ModelViewSet): queryset = models.UserGroup.objects.all() serializer_class = UserGroupSerializer1 pagination_class = PageNumberPagination lookup_field = 'pk' # 指定字段（默认）--获取单个对象用（改/删/查单个）注意与url中对应
settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'api.apps.ApiConfig', 'rest_framework', ] REST_FRAMEWORK = { # 版本组件 'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS': 'rest_framework.versioning.URLPathVersioning', # 设置版本组件类 'DEFAULT_VERSION': 'v1', # 默认的API版本 'ALLOWED_VERSIONS': ['v1', 'v2'], # 允许的API版本 'VERSION_PARAM': 'version', # 版本的key,默认的就是version(注意要和api接口中的key对应) # 解析器组件 'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES': ['rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser', 'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser', ], # 可指定多个解析器，不配置默认支持所有 # 分页组件 'PAGE_SIZE': 3 }
CVB模式继承----五层
from django.views import View # Django的View
from rest_framework.views import APIView # drf的APIView继承View
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView, CreateAPIView # drf的GenericAPIView继承APIView
# 以下CBV需要在路由的as_view()中添加对应参数---请求方式和函数的映射：无参数{'get':'list','post':'create'},带参数{'get':'retrive'}
from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet # drf的GenericViewSet继承ViewSetMixin和GenericAPIView，路由改变：需指定请求方法--视图函数映射
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet # drf的ModelViewSet继承查（多条）、增、查（单条）、删、改和GenericViewSet，共有一个视图即可，路由有改变：需指定请求方法--视图函数（默认继承类处理）映射
一般多用APIView,对于基本的增删改查可直接使用ModelViewSet
157
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
