完成时态:
1>现在完成时:站在现在看之前
形式 have/have + done .(过去分词)
用法:A:现在全部完成(过去的事对现在有影响)
B:现在部分完成(从过去持续到现在的事)
比如: 同学,你作业写得怎么样?【截止到现在回头往之前看:现在的之前】
你去朋友家找同学,同学不在家,他妈妈说他出去了。【现在的之前出去了】He has left .【现在全部完成】
We have studied English for ten years .【现在部分完成:现在还在学】
2>过去完成时:过去的之前发生的事
形式 had + done .(过去分词)
用法:过去的之前
When he got there , she had left .She was not there .(当他到的时候,她已经走了,她已经不在那里了)
3>将来完成时:将来的之前
形式 will/share have + done .(过去分词)
用法:将来的之前【阶段性总结:截止到某一个时间点回头看之前完成的结果】
截止到现在,我们已经上了三次课了(现在完成时);
截止到上周,我们已经上了二次课了(过去完成时);
截止到下周,我们就学完了(将来完成时);
完成进行时态:“完成”+“进行” ; = xx时间的之前,强调进行的过程。
A.过去完成进行时:had been + doing
B.现在完成进行时:have/has been+ doing
C.将来完成进行时:will/shall have been+ doing
现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较:
A:角度相同,都表示现在的之前。
B:现在完成:have/has + done ; 现在完成进行时:have/has been + doing .
C:强调不同:现在完成:强调结果(做完与否都可以) 现在完成进行:强调过程
We have not won the match .我们没赢得比赛。(强调结果)
We have been working hard for several months .我们已经努力了好几个月了。(强调过程)
They had been working one the program for almost one week before i joined them, and now we are still working on it as no good results have come out so far .
时态 | 过去 | 现在 | 将来 | 过去将来 |
一般 | did | do/does | will do; am/is/are+going to do | would do; was/were+going to do |
进行 | was/were + doing | am/is/are + doing | will/shall + be doing | would或者was/were going to+ V 原形 |
完成 | had + done (过去分词) | have/has + done (过去分词) | will/shall have + done (过去分词) | |
完成进行 | had been + doing | have/has been + doing | will/shall have + been + doing |