java学习_01 centos环境安装

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-05 21:35:27 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-05 21:35:27 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何在CentOS7上安装VirtualBox，然后通过虚拟机安装CentOS7，并配置软件源。接着，文章指导读者如何安装MySQL 5.7，使用Yum安装Nginx，以及部署Java运行环境，包括JDK和配置JAVA_HOME。

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centos只做服务器用，选centos7，安装mysql5.7，nginx，java运行环境即可

1. VirtualBox

https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/6.1.22/VirtualBox-6.1.22-144080-Win.exe

2. centos7

下载链接

http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/isos/x86_64/

http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso

http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.torrent

2.1虚拟机装centos7

选VMDK

磁盘空间选大点没关系，后面可以选动态分配

选“动态分配”和“分割为2GB”，分割为2GB的单个文件，方便拷贝

安装虚拟机网卡选桥接，这样在同网段，windows可以直接ssh访问，一些输入就可以直接拷贝粘贴，比直接在虚拟机里操作方便

2.2 centos软件源配置

解决2021年之后 CentOS 6 Yum 源无效停止维护404错误

https://blog.csdn.net/COLDRAIN_END/article/details/110948308?utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7EBlogCommendFromMachineLearnPai2%7Edefault-1.control&depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7EBlogCommendFromMachineLearnPai2%7Edefault-1.control

阿里云yum源 https://developer.aliyun.com/article/675241

超简单配置阿里云yum源 https://www.jianshu.com/p/23729b982e82

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
备份系统原来的repo文件
mv CentOs-Base.repo CentOs-Base.repo.bak
下载
# CentOS 5
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo
# CentOS 6
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
# CentOS 7
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

配置阿里云epel源：
备份(如有配置其他epel源)
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo.backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo.backup
下载新repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/
# epel(RHEL 7)
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
# epel(RHEL 6)
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
# epel(RHEL 5)
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-5.repo

执行更新命令
yum clean all
yum makecache
yum update    # 更新所有的软件到最新版，时间比较长

3. 安装mysql 5.7

centos7默认安装的MySQL是MariaDB，安装mysql需要配置源

centos7使用yum源安装MySQL5.7 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44908908/article/details/108976529

命令前加#说明在sudo权限下执行

cd ~
下载yum源
wget 'https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm'
安装yum源
# rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
查看masql的版本
yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64  MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community  disabled
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source  MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community  disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64  MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community  disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source  MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community  disabled
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64   MySQL Connectors Community   enabled:    203
mysql-connectors-community-source   MySQL Connectors Community - disabled
mysql-tools-community/x86_64        MySQL Tools Community        enabled:    129
mysql-tools-community-source        MySQL Tools Community - Sour disabled
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64          MySQL Tools Preview          disabled
mysql-tools-preview-source          MySQL Tools Preview - Source disabled
mysql55-community/x86_64            MySQL 5.5 Community Server   disabled
mysql55-community-source            MySQL 5.5 Community Server - disabled
mysql56-community/x86_64            MySQL 5.6 Community Server   disabled
mysql56-community-source            MySQL 5.6 Community Server - disabled
mysql57-community/x86_64            MySQL 5.7 Community Server   enabled:    504
mysql57-community-source            MySQL 5.7 Community Server - disabled
mysql80-community/x86_64            MySQL 8.0 Community Server   disabled
mysql80-community-source            MySQL 8.0 Community Server - disabled
安装mysql5.7
# yum install -y mysql-community-server
# systemctl start mysqld
# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-05-13 11:42:09 EDT; 18min ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 1561 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 1008 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1564 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─1564 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

May 13 11:42:01 centos7 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
May 13 11:42:09 centos7 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

ok mysql启动了

后续要做一些配置

4 yum安装nginx

https://www.cnblogs.com/songxingzhu/p/8568432.html

默认情况Centos7中无Nginx的源，最近发现Nginx官网提供了Centos的源地址。因此可以如下执行命令添加源：

sudo rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
sudo yum install -y nginx

启动Nginx并设置开机自动运行

sudo systemctl enable nginx.service
sudo systemctl start nginx.service
看看监听了那些端口

# netstat -atnp|grep LISTEN

netstat -atnp|grep LISTEN

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1007/sshd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1390/master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1781/nginx: master
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1007/sshd
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1390/master
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      1564/mysqld

这时还不能从外部访问，需要打开防火墙，centos7的防火墙改成了firewalld，不再用iptable

# firewall-cmd --list-all

public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: enp0s3
  sources:
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports:
  protocols:
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports:
  source-ports:
  icmp-blocks:
  rich rules:

看到没有开放80 3306端口

# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
# firewall-cmd --reload

ok从浏览器里输入虚拟机的ip可以看到

5 安装java运行环境

https://www.hangge.com/blog/cache/detail_2651.html

# yum search java|grep jdk

[root@centos7 stu]# yum search java|grep jdk
ldapjdk-javadoc.noarch : Javadoc for ldapjdk
java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : The OpenJDK runtime environment without
java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.8.0-openjdk.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK 8 Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.i686 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.i686 : OpenJDK Demos 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK 8 Demos
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK 8 Development Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.i686 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK 8 Headless Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK 8 API documentation
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip.noarch : OpenJDK 8 API documentation compressed
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK 8 Source Bundle
java-11-openjdk.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 11
java-11-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 Runtime Environment
java-11-openjdk-demo.i686 : OpenJDK Demos 11
java-11-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 Demos
java-11-openjdk-devel.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 Development Environment
java-11-openjdk-headless.i686 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 Headless Runtime Environment
java-11-openjdk-javadoc.i686 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation
java-11-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip.i686 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation compressed in a
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation compressed in
java-11-openjdk-jmods.i686 : JMods for OpenJDK 11
java-11-openjdk-jmods.x86_64 : JMods for OpenJDK 11
java-11-openjdk-src.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 11
java-11-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 Source Bundle
java-11-openjdk-static-libs.i686 : OpenJDK libraries for static linking 11
java-11-openjdk-static-libs.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 libraries for static linking
java-latest-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Runtime Environment
java-latest-openjdk-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Runtime Environment with full
java-latest-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Demos
java-latest-openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Demos with full debugging on
java-latest-openjdk-demo-fastdebug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Demos with minimal
java-latest-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Development Environment
java-latest-openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Development Environment with
java-latest-openjdk-devel-fastdebug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Development Environment
java-latest-openjdk-fastdebug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Runtime Environment with
java-latest-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Headless Runtime Environment
java-latest-openjdk-headless-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Runtime Environment with
java-latest-openjdk-headless-fastdebug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Runtime Environment
java-latest-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 API documentation
java-latest-openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 API documentation compressed
java-latest-openjdk-jmods.x86_64 : JMods for OpenJDK 16
java-latest-openjdk-jmods-debug.x86_64 : JMods for OpenJDK 16 with full
java-latest-openjdk-jmods-fastdebug.x86_64 : JMods for OpenJDK 16 with minimal
java-latest-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Source Bundle
java-latest-openjdk-src-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Source Bundle for packages
java-latest-openjdk-src-fastdebug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 Source Bundle
java-latest-openjdk-static-libs.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 libraries for static linking
java-latest-openjdk-static-libs-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 libraries for static
java-latest-openjdk-static-libs-fastdebug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 16 libraries for
ldapjdk.noarch : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK

# yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64

# java -version

java version "1.7.0_261"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (rhel-2.6.22.2.el7_8-x86_64 u261-b02)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.261-b02, mixed mode)

安装开发环境

# yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64

# javac -version

javac 1.7.0_261

配置JAVA_HOME

[root@centos7 stu]# which java
/usr/bin/java
[root@centos7 stu]# ls -lr /usr/bin/java
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 22 May 13 13:14 /usr/bin/java -> /etc/alternatives/java
[root@centos7 stu]# ls -lr /etc/alternatives/java
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 76 May 13 13:14 /etc/alternatives/java -> /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.261-2.6.22.2.el7_8.x86_64/jre/bin/java

# vim /etc/profile

在最后添加

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.261-2.6.22.2.el7_8.x86_64
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH

执行如下命令让配置生效

# source /etc/profile

# echo $JAVA_HOME

/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.261-2.6.22.2.el7_8.x86_64