javaee的体系结构
springmvc是类似于web层的mvc框架
springmvc和spring
springmvc是spring的一部分
Struts2执行流程：
- strutsPrepareAndExcuteFilter拦截请求（控制层），拦截请求，转发请求
- 寻找Action执行
- ActionProxy：strutsActionProxy extends defaultActionProxy
- ActionMapping去寻找执行类Action
Springmvc入门程序
1.创建一个web程序
需要的jar包
配置web.xml（配置前端控制器DispatcherServelet）
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<!-- 默认加载 方式：文件命名：serlvet-name-servlet.xml====springmvc-servlet.xml
路径：必须在WEB-INF目录下面
-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>配置springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">
<!--
配置处理器映射器 springmvc默认处理的处理器映射器
BeanNameUrlHandlerrMapping：根据自定义的control的name属性的url寻找handler(Action:Controller) -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 配置处理器适配器执行controller，springmvc默认的SimpleUrlHandlerMapping:执行controller -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 配置自定义控制器 -->
<bean id="myController" name="/hello.do" class="it.com.controller.MyController"></bean>
<!-- 配置springmvc视图解析器：解析逻辑视图
后台返回逻辑视图index
视图解析器解析出真正的物理视图 前缀+逻辑视图+后缀 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsps/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>自定义controller
public class MyController implements Controller{
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//接收请求 参数 验证参数
//封装参数调用业务方法
//返回视图
ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
//设置页面回显数据
mv.addObject("hello","欢迎学习springmvc");
//指定跳转的视图
//返回物理视图
//mv.setViewName("WEB-INF/jsps/index.jsp");
//返回逻辑视图
mv.setViewName("index");
return mv;
}
}定义视图页面
根据视图解析出路径：WEB-INF/jsps/index.jsp
${hello}
根据代码分析springmvc执行流程
适配器的源代码
处理映射器
BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping 功能：寻找controller，根据url请求去匹配bean的name的url,从而获取controller
SimpleUrlHandlerMaping
功能：寻找Controller，根据浏览器url匹配简单url的key又根据Controller的id找到Controller
<!-- 简单url处理器映射器 把url集中进行处理 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<prop key="/mine.do">myController</prop>
<prop key="/ss.do">http</prop>
<prop key="/abc.do">http</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置自定义控制器 -->
<bean id="myController" name="/hello.do" class="it.com.controller.MyController"></bean>
<bean id="http" class="it.com.controller.HttpController"></bean>ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping
功能：寻找controller根据类名.do访问，类名首字母小写
映射器之间共存：3个处理映射器可以共存
处理器适配器
SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter
功能：执行controller,调用controller里面的方法，返回modelAndView
<!-- 配置处理器适配器执行controller，springmvc默认的-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdpter">HttpRequestHandlerAdapter
执行controller
<!-- HttpRequestHandlerAdapter负责执行实现接口HttpRequestHandler的后端控制器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.HttpRequestHandlerAdapter"></bean>2个处理适配器可以共存
命令控制器
springmvc通过命令设计模式接收页面参数
自定义命令控制器
public class CommandController extends AbstractCommandController{
//指定把参数封装到那个对象
public CommandController(){
this.setCommandClass(User.class);
}
@Override
protected ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object command, BindException error)
throws Exception {
//值被封装命令对象
User user=(User) command;
ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
//设置model数据 值可以任意的pojo
mv.addObject("user",user);
//指定返回视图页面
mv.setViewName("index");
return mv;
}
}定义JavaBean
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String age;
private Date birthday;
private String sex;
private String address;add.jsp
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/command.do" method="post">
姓名：<input type="text" name="username" id="username">
年龄：<input type="text" name="age" id="age">
生日：<input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday">
地址：<input type="text" name="address" id="address">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
跳转到add页面
由于add页面在WEB-INF下面不能访问，需要通过controller来访问
public class ToAddController implements Controller{
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//跳转到添加页面
ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("add");
return mv;
}
}在springmvc中配置bean
<bean name="/command.do" class="it.com.controller.CommandController"></bean>
<bean name="/toAdd.do" class="it.com.controller.ToAddController"></bean>中文乱码解决
get请求乱码
post乱码
Spring编码过滤器：在web.xml配置
<filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>时间类型转换
注解开发
创建一个web工程
配置web.xml
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 默认加载方式
默认加载必须规范：
* 文件命名：servlet-name-servlet.xml====springmvc-servlet.xml
* 路径规范：必须在WEB-INF目录下面
-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>配置springmvc.xml
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置注解处理器映射器
功能：寻找执行类Controller
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 配置注解处理器适配器
功能：调用controller方法，执行controller
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 配置sprigmvc视图解析器：解析逻辑试图
后台返回逻辑试图：index
视图解析器解析出真正物理视图：前缀+逻辑试图+后缀====/WEB-INF/jsps/index.jsp
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsps/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>自定义controller
注解开发流程
RequestMapping
requestMapping("hello")
requestMapping("/hello.do")
requestMapping(value="/hello.do")
@RequestMapping("/hello.do")
public String hello(){
return "index";
}requestMapping(value=”/hello.do”,method=RequestMethod.GET)
requestMapping(value=”/hello.do”,method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String hello(){
return "index";
}requestMapping(value=”/hello.do”,method=RequestMethod.POST)
浏览器直接访问,a标签都是get请求
表单提交(指定post)，ajax指定post提交，post提交。
requestMapping(value=”/hello.do”,method={RequestMethod.POST, RequestMethod.GET})
@requestMapping(value=”/hello.do”,method={RequestMethod.POST, RequestMethod.GET})
public String hello(){
return "index";
}Request的根路径
@RequestMapping（”/user”）
UserController｛
requestMapping(“save”)
Save()
requestMapping(“update”)
Update{}
requestMapping(“find”)
Fiind()
｝
项目名/user/save.do
@RequestMapping（”/items”）
ItemsController｛
requestMapping(“save”)
Save()
requestMapping(“update”)
Update{}
requestMapping(“find”)
Fiind()
｝
项目名/items/save.do
封装参数
分析接受参数类型
基本类型，int,String等等基本类型
pojo类型
包装类型
springmvc默认支持类型：HttpSession,HttpRequestServlet,Model..
struts2参数：属于属性封装
springmvc参数封装：基于方法进行封装
基本类型
需求：封装int类型参数
页面传递参数都是字符串
<hr color="blue" size="12">
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/recieveInt.do" method="post">
ID：<input type="text" name="id" id="id">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form> @RequestMapping("recieveInt")
public String recieveInt(Integer id){
System.out.println(id);
return "success";
}接受字符串类型
<hr color="blue" size="12">
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/recieveStr.do" method="post">
姓名：<input type="text" name="username" id="username">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
//接收string类型参数
@RequestMapping("recieveStr")
public String recieveStr(String username){
System.out.println(username);
return "success";
}接受数组：分析：批量删除：checkbox复选框。Value必须有值。
<hr color="blue" size="12">
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/recieveArray.do" method="post">
ID：<input type="checkbox" name="ids" id="ids" value="1">
ID：<input type="checkbox" name="ids" id="ids" value="2">
ID：<input type="checkbox" name="ids" id="ids" value="3">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form> @RequestMapping("recieveArray")
public String recieveIds(Integer []ids){
System.out.println(ids);
return "success";
}
接收POJO
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/recieveUser.do" method="post">
姓名：<input type="text" name="username" id="username">
年龄：<input type="text" name="age" id="age">
生日：<input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday">
地址：<input type="text" name="address" id="address">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form> @RequestMapping("recieveUser")
public String recieveUser(User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "success";
}接受包装类型参数
userCustom｛
private user user；
private List<User> userList;
private Map<K,V> maps;
private items items;
｝
public class UserCustomer {
private User user;
private List<User> userList;
private Map<String,Object> maps=new HashMap<String,Object>();
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public List<User> getUserList() {
return userList;
}
public void setUserList(List<User> userList) {
this.userList = userList;
}
public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
return maps;
}
public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
this.maps = maps;
}
}
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