R note

summary(cars)

table(cars$speed)

plot(cars$speed, cars$dist, xlab = expression(speed^" of cars"), ylab = expression(dist^" of cars"))

Me <- tapply(cars$dist, cars$speed, mean)
Le <- tapply(cars$dist, cars$speed, length)
Sd <- tapply(cars$dist, cars$speed, sd)
cars.x <- cbind(Me, Le, Sd, Cr)

sapply(cars[,1:2], mean)
lapply(data.frame(cbind(cars$speed, cars$dist)), mean)

cars.lm <- lm(dist ~ speed, cars)
plot(cars.lm)

#data.frame(cbind(cars$speed, cars$dist, cars$dist / cars$speed))
cars.y <- cars$dist / cars$speed
cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed <= 1] <- 1
cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 1 & cars$dist / cars$speed <= 2] <- 2
cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 2 & cars$dist / cars$speed <= 3] <- 3
cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 3 & cars$dist / cars$speed <= 4] <- 4
cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 4 & cars$dist / cars$speed <= 5] <- 5
cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 5] <- 6
plot(cars$speed, cars$dist, pch = cars.y)
plot(cars$speed, cars$dist, pch = 16, col = 3, cex = cars.y)

cars.loess <- loess(dist ~ speed, cars)
cars.fit <- fitted(cars.loess)
cars.order <- order(cars$speed)
lines(cars$speed[cars.order], cars.fit[cars.order], lwd = 3, lty = 10)

abline(cars.lm)

cars$fspeed <- factor(cars$speed, unique(cars$speed), c("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s"))
cars$seq <- 1:50

A <- array(A, c(2, 2, 5))
df <- data.frame(cbind(x = 1:10, y = 1:10 * 2, z = 1:10 * 3))

X1 <- 1:5
X1 <- X1 * 3 + 2
X1 <- c(X1, 1:7)
X1[X1 %% 5 == 1]
pie(X1)
barplot(X1)

M <- matrix(X1, 7, 5)
M.cols <- length(M[1,])
colnames(M) <- paste("0", 1:M.cols, sep = "")
print(M)

plot.new()
box()

layout.show(
  layout(mat = matrix(c(2, 0, 1, 3), nrow = 2, ncol = 2, byrow = TRUE), 
         widths = c(3, 1), heights = c(1, 3), respect = TRUE)
  )
par(mar = c(3, 1, 3, 2))
plot(M)
par(mar = c(0, 1, 0, 3))
boxplot(M[,1], space = 0, frame.plot = FALSE, horizontal = TRUE)
par(mar = c(5, 2, 0, 0))
boxplot(M[,2], space = 0, frame.plot = FALSE)

layout.show(
  layout(mat = matrix(c(1, 2, 3, 4), nrow = 2, ncol = 2, byrow = TRUE), 
         widths = c(1, 1), heights = c(1, 1), respect = TRUE)
  )
par(mar = c(5, 5, 1, 1))
plot(M)
X2 <- barplot(M, col = rainbow(10))
arrows(X2, 0, X2, colSums(M) / length(M[,1]), angle = 90, length = 0.5)
X3 <- boxplot(M, col = rainbow(20)) #gray(1:5 * 0.15 + 0.1)
axis(2, at = 1:5)
M.len <- length(M[1,])
M.mean <- X3$stats[3,]
text(x = 1:M.len, y = M.mean + 0.5, labels = M.mean, cex = 1.5, srt = 35)
par(mar = c(3, 5, 1, 1))
M.selected <- 4
M.selected <- M[,M.selected]
M.groupBy  <- M[,2]
M.mean <- tapply(M.selected, M.groupBy, mean)
dotchart(M.selected, labels = M.selected, groups = M.groupBy, gdata = M.mean, gpch = 19)

#pairs(M, diag.panel = panel.hist, upper.panel = panel.smooth, lower.panel = panel.cor)

From:http://roserouge.iteye.com/blog/1280942

图像由15~32行的代码绘制而成

图像由68~86行的代码绘制而成