OpenCV学习笔记三：视频读取

为了处理视频，需要读取视频的每一帧，OpenCV提供了一个非常易用的框架以读取视频文件或从摄像头中读取。

一、读取视频文件

读取视频文件，只需要创建VideoCapture实例，然后循环读取并处理每一帧就行了。

示例

#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
    VideoCapture cap("1.mp4");
    if(!cap.isOpened())//判断是否正确打开
        return -1;
    double frameRate = cap.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FPS);//获取视频FPS
    Mat frame;
    namedWindow("Video");
    int delay = 1000/frameRate;
    //循环读取，也可以用cap>>frame
    while(cap.read(frame))
    {
        //Do anything you want to do
        //这里将每一帧翻转
        flip(frame,frame,-1);
        imshow("Video",frame);
        if(waitKey(delay)>=0)//设置延迟
            break;
    }
    cap.release();
}

说明：

1、get方法用于查询视频信息，通过参数指定想要查询的信息。比如上例中通过CV_CAP_PROP_FPS获取帧率、视频文件的帧数是一个整数，可以这样获取

long frameCount = static_cast<long>(cap.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT));

还有其它一些信息比如

• CV_CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC Current position of the video file in milliseconds.
• CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES 0-based index of the frame to be decoded/captured next.
• CV_CAP_PROP_POS_AVI_RATIO Relative position of the video file: 0 - start of the film, 1 - end of the film.
• CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH Width of the frames in the video stream.
• CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT Height of the frames in the video stream.
• CV_CAP_PROP_FOURCC 4-character code of codec.
• CV_CAP_PROP_FORMAT Format of the Mat objects returned by retrieve() .
• CV_CAP_PROP_MODE Backend-specific value indicating the current capture mode.
• CV_CAP_PROP_BRIGHTNESS Brightness of the image (only for cameras).
• CV_CAP_PROP_CONTRAST Contrast of the image (only for cameras).
• CV_CAP_PROP_SATURATION Saturation of the image (only for cameras).
• CV_CAP_PROP_HUE Hue of the image (only for cameras).
• CV_CAP_PROP_GAIN Gain of the image (only for cameras).
• CV_CAP_PROP_EXPOSURE Exposure (only for cameras).
• CV_CAP_PROP_CONVERT_RGB Boolean flags indicating whether images should be converted to RGB.
• CV_CAP_PROP_WHITE_BALANCE Currently unsupported
• CV_CAP_PROP_RECTIFICATION Rectification flag for stereo cameras (note: only supported by DC1394 v 2.x backend cur- rently)
• ……

相应地，可以用set函数可以设置其中的一些参数，比如通过CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES移动到特定的帧、用CV_CAP_PROP_MSEC移动到特定毫秒位置、CV_CAP_PROP_AVI_RATIO指定相对位置，0为开头，1为结尾。

2、通过指定delay可以控制视频播放速度

2、读取摄像头

从摄像头读取时，与读取文件相同，只是VideoCapture参数为设备索引号。对于笔记本内置摄像头而言，参数为0。