fromkeys(S[,v]) 方法: 创建并返回新的字典
New dict with keys from S and values equal to v(v defaults to None).
eg:
>>>dict1 = {}
>>>dict1.fromkeys((1,2,3)) #创建只有键的字典,value默认为None
1: None, 2: None, 3: None}
>>>dict1.fromkeys((1,2,3),'Number') #每一个value都是‘Number’
{1: 'Number', 2: 'Number', 3: 'Number'}
>>>dict1.fromkeys((1,2,3),('one','two','three')) #不会一一对应
{1: ('one', 'two', 'three'), 2: ('one', 'two', 'three'), 3: ('one', 'two', 'three')}
>>>dict1.fromkeys((1,3),'shuzi') #重新建立一个新的字典dict1
{1: 'shuzi', 3: 'shuzi'}
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
.clear() : 清除字典内容,比给字典赋空要好
>>> dict1
{1: ('one', 'two', 'three'), 2: ('one', 'two', 'three'), 3: ('one', 'two', 'three')}
>>> dict1.clear()
>>> dict1
{}
>>> dict1 = {}
>>> dict1
{}
>>> a = {'name':'abc'}
>>> b = a
>>> a = {}
>>> b
{'name': 'abc'}
>>> a = b
>>> a.clear()
>>> b
{}