微软在桌面
系统上的成功,令我们不得不大量使用它的办公产品,如:Word,Excel。时至今日,它的源代码仍然不公开已封锁了我们的进一步应用和开发。然而在要求更高的
服务器领域,
微软本身的产品移植性不好,
性能不佳。在我们实际的开发中,表现层的解决方案虽然有多样,但是Ie浏览器已成为最多人使用的浏览器,因为大家都用Windows。在企业办公 系统中,常常有客户这样子要求:你要把我们的报表直接用Excel打开。或者是:我们已经习惯用Excel打印。这样子如果用.net开发是没有问题的,但是有j2ee这个比.net更有前途的开放式的开发环境,难道我为了解决打印的要求去另写客户端的控件?或者在 服务器端使用本地代码?第一种方案的问题是关键数据的处理有时候不能在客户端做,第2种方案的问题是牺牲了代码的可移植性和稳定性。如果让客户端只负责处理生成好的报表,那将是一种诱人的选择。 Apache的Jakata项目的POI子项目,目标是处理ole2对象。目前比较成熟的是HSSF接口,处理MS Excel(97-2002)对象。它不象我们仅仅是用csv生成的没有格式的可以由Excel转换的东西,而是真正的Excel对象,你可以控制一些属性如sheet,cell等等。这是一个年轻的项目,所以象HDF这样直接支持Word对象的好东西仍然在设计中。其它支持word格式的纯 java方案还有itext,不过也是仍在奋斗中。但是HSSF已经成熟到能够和足够我们使用了。另外,无锡永中Office的实现方案也是纯 java的解决方案,不过那也是完全商业的产品,并不是公开代码项目。其实,从开发历史的角度讲,在80年代中期starOffice的原作者在德国成立了StarOffice suite公司,然后到1999年夏天starOffice被sun收购,再到2000年6月starOffice5.2的发布;并且从starOffice6.0开始,starOffice建立在OpenOffice的api的基础上,这个公开代码的 office项目已经进行了很长的时间。虽然那是由C++写的,但是POI的代码部分也是由openOffice改过来的。所以,应该对POI充满足够的信心。国内已经有部分公司在他们的办公自动化等Web项目中使用poi了,如日恒的i office,海泰的HTOffice等。 java当初把核心处理设成Unicode,带来的好处是另代码适应了多语言环境。然而由于老外的英语只有26个字母,有些情况下,一些 程序员用8位的byte处理,一不小心就去掉了CJK的高位。或者是由于习惯在 程序中采用硬编码,还有多种原因,使得许多 java应用在CJK的处理上很烦恼。还好在POI HSSF中考虑到这个问题,可以设置encoding为双字节。 POI可以到www.apache.org下载到。编译好的jar主要有这样4个:poi包,poi Browser包,poi hdf包,poi hssf例程包。实际运行时,需要有poi包就可以了。如果用Jakarta ant编译和运行,下载apache Jakarta POI的release中的src包,它里面已经为你生成好了build 文件了。只要运行ant就可以了(ant 的安装和使用在此不说了)。如果是用Jbuilder 运行,请在新建的项目中加入poi包。以Jbuilder6为例,选择Tools菜单项的config libraries...选项,新建一个lib。在弹出的菜单中选择poi包,如这个jakarta-poi-1.5.1-final-20020820.jar,把poi添加到jbuilder中。然后,右键点击你的项目,在project的properties菜单中path的required Libraries中,点add,添加刚才加入到jbuilder中的poi到你现在的项目中。如果你仅仅是为了熟悉POI hssf的使用,可以直接看POI的samples包中的源代码,并且运行它。hssf的各种对象都有例程的介绍。hssf提供的例程在org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.examples包中,共有14个,生成的目标xls都是workbook.xls。如果你想看更多的例程,可以参考hssf的Junit test cases,在poi的包的源代码中有。hssf都有测试代码。 这里只对部分例程的实现做介绍。 HSSF提供给用户使用的对象在org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel包中,主要部分包括Excell对象,样式和格式,还有辅助操作。有以下几种对象: HSSFWorkbook excell的文档对象 HSSFSheet excell的表单 HSSFRow excell的行 HSSFCell excell的格子单元 HSSFFont excell字体 HSSFName 名称 HSSFDataFormat 日期格式 在poi1.7中才有以下2项: HSSFHeader sheet头 HSSFFooter sheet尾 和这个样式 HSSFCellStyle cell样式 辅助操作包括 HSSFDateUtil 日期 HSSFPrintSetup 打印 HSSFErrorConstants 错误信息表 仔细看org.apache.poi.hssf包的结构,不难发现HSSF的内部实现遵循的是M VC模型。 这里我用Rose把org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel包中的对象反向导入并根据相互关系作了整理,详见下面两图: 图1 基本对象 从中不难可以发现每一个基本对象都关联了一个Record对象。Record对象是一个参考Office格式的相关记录。 图2 HSSFWorkbook HSSFWorkbook即是一个Excell对象。这幅类图体现的是HSSFWorkbook和基本对象的相互关系。可见,许多对象中也建立了Workbook的引用。还需要注意的是在HSSFWorkbook和HSSFSheet中建立了log机制POILogger,而且POILogger也是使用apache Log4J实现的。 先看poi的examples包中提供的最简单的例子,建立一个空xls 文件。 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class NewWorkbook { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();//建立新HSSFWorkbook对象 FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls"); wb.write(fileOut);//把Workbook对象输出到 文件workbook.xls中 fileOut.close(); } } 通过这个例子,我们建立的是一个空白的xls 文件(不是空 文件)。在此基础上,我们可以进一步看其它的例子。 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class CreateCells { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();//建立新HSSFWorkbook对象 HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");//建立新的sheet对象 // Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based. HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0);//建立新行 // Create a cell and put a value in it. HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short)0);//建立新cell cell.setCellvalue(1);//设置cell的整数类型的值 // Or do it on one line. row.createCell((short)1).setCellvalue(1.2);//设置cell浮点类型的值 row.createCell((short)2).setCellvalue("test");//设置cell 字符类型的值 row.createCell((short)3).setCellvalue(true);//设置cell布尔类型的值 HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();//建立新的cell样式 cellStyle.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getFormat("m/d/yy h:mm"));//设置cell样式为定制的日期格式 HSSFCell dCell =row.createCell((short)4); dCell.setCellvalue(new Date());//设置cell为日期类型的值 dCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle); //设置该cell日期的显示格式 HSSFCell csCell =row.createCell((short)5); csCell.setEncoding(HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16);//设置cell编码解决中文高位字节截断 csCell.setCellvalue("中文测试_Chinese Words Test");//设置中西文结合 字符串 row.createCell((short)6).setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR);//建立错误cell // Write the output to a file FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls"); wb.write(fileOut); fileOut.close(); } } 我稍微修改了原来的examples包中的CreateCells类写了上面的功能测试类。通过这个例子,我们可以清楚的看到xls 文件从大到小包括了HSSFWorkbook HSSFSheet HSSFRow HSSFCell这样几个对象。我们可以在cell中设置各种类型的值。尤其要注意的是如果你想正确的显示非欧美的 字符时,尤其象中日韩这样的语言,必须设置编码为16位的即是HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16,才能保证 字符的高8位不被截断而引起编码失真形成乱码。 其他测试可以通过参考examples包中的测试例子掌握poi的详细用法,包括字体的设置,cell大小和低纹的设置等。需要注意的是POI是一个仍然在完善中的公开代码的项目,所以有些功能正在不断的扩充。如HSSFSheet的getFooter() getHeader()和setFooter(HSSFFooter hsf) setHeader(HSSFHeader hsh)是在POI1.7中才有的,而POI1.5中就没有。运行测试熟悉代码或者使用它做项目时请注意POI的版本。 另外需要注意的是HSSF也有它的对xls基于事件的解析。可以参考例程中的EventExample. java。它通过实现HSSFListener完成从普通流认知Xls中包含的内容,在apache Cocoon中的org.apache.cocoon.serialization.HSSFSerializer中用到了这个解析。因为Cocoon2是基于事件的,所以POI为了提供快速的解析也提供了相应的事件。当然我们自己也可以实现这个事件接口。 因为POI还不是一个足够成熟的项目,所以有必要做进一步的开发和测试。但是它已经为我们用纯 java操作ole2对象提供了可能,而且克服了ole对象调用的缺陷,提供了 服务器端的Excel解决方案。 |
用POI的HSSF来控制EXCEL的研究
1.创建工作簿 (WORKBOOK)
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
2.创建工作表(SHEET)
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
HSSFSheet sheet2 = wb.createSheet("second sheet");
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
3.创建单元格(CELL)
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
// Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0);
// Create a cell and put a value in it.
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short)0);
cell.setCellValue(1);
// Or do it on one line.
row.createCell((short)1).setCellValue(1.2);
row.createCell((short)2).setCellValue("This is a string");
row.createCell((short)3).setCellValue(true);
// Write the output to a file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
4.创建指定单元格式的单元格
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
// Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0);
// Create a cell and put a date value in it. The first cell is not styled
// as a date.
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short)0);
cell.setCellValue(new Date());
// we style the second cell as a date (and time). It is important to
// create a new cell style from the workbook otherwise you can end up
// modifying the built in style and effecting not only this cell but other cells.
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("m/d/yy h:mm"));
cell = row.createCell((short)1);
cell.setCellValue(new Date());
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
// Write the output to a file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
5. 单元格的不同格式
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)2);
row.createCell((short) 0).setCellValue(1.1);
row.createCell((short) 1).setCellValue(new Date());
row.createCell((short) 2).setCellValue("a string");
row.createCell((short) 3).setCellValue(true);
row.createCell((short) 4).setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR);
// Write the output to a file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
6.单元格的不通对齐方式
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException
{
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 2);
createCell(wb, row, (short) 0, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
createCell(wb, row, (short) 1, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER_SELECTION);
createCell(wb, row, (short) 2, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_FILL);
createCell(wb, row, (short) 3, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_GENERAL);
createCell(wb, row, (short) 4, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_JUSTIFY);
createCell(wb, row, (short) 5, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
createCell(wb, row, (short) 6, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);
// Write the output to a file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
}
/**
* Creates a cell and aligns it a certain way.
*
* @param wb the workbook
* @param row the row to create the cell in
* @param column the column number to create the cell in
* @param align the alignment for the cell.
*/
private static void createCell(HSSFWorkbook wb, HSSFRow row, short column, short align)
{
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(column);
cell.setCellValue("Align It");
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setAlignment(align);
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
}
7.单元格的边框设置
Working with borders
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
// Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 1);
// Create a cell and put a value in it.
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
cell.setCellValue(4);
// Style the cell with borders all around.
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.GREEN.index);
style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_MEDIUM_DASHED);
style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
cell.setCellStyle(style);
// Write the output to a file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
8.填充和颜色设置
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
// Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 1);
// Aqua background
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.BIG_SPOTS);
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
cell.setCellValue("X");
cell.setCellStyle(style);
// Orange "foreground", foreground being the fill foreground not the font color.
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
cell = row.createCell((short) 2);
cell.setCellValue("X");
cell.setCellStyle(style);
// Write the output to a file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
9.合并单元格操作
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 1);
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
cell.setCellValue("This is a test of merging");
sheet.addMergedRegion(new Region(1,(short)1,1,(short)2));
// Write the output to a file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
10.字体设置
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
// Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 1);
// Create a new font and alter it.
HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)24);
font.setFontName("Courier New");
font.setItalic(true);
font.setStrikeout(true);
// Fonts are set into a style so create a new one to use.
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);
// Create a cell and put a value in it.
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
cell.setCellValue("This is a test of fonts");
cell.setCellStyle(style);
// Write the output to a file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
11.自定义颜色
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 0);
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 0);
cell.setCellValue("Default Palette");
//apply some colors from the standard palette,
// as in the previous examples.
//we'll use red text on a lime background
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIME.index);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);
style.setFont(font);
cell.setCellStyle(style);
//save with the default palette
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("default_palette.xls");
wb.write(out);
out.close();
//now, let's replace RED and LIME in the palette
// with a more attractive combination
// (lovingly borrowed from freebsd.org)
cell.setCellValue("Modified Palette");
//creating a custom palette for the workbook
HSSFPalette palette = wb.getCustomPalette();
//replacing the standard red with freebsd.org red
palette.setColorAtIndex(HSSFColor.RED.index,
(byte) 153, //RGB red (0-255)
(byte) 0, //RGB green
(byte) 0 //RGB blue
);
//replacing lime with freebsd.org gold
palette.setColorAtIndex(HSSFColor.LIME.index, (byte) 255, (byte) 204, (byte) 102);
//save with the modified palette
// note that wherever we have previously used RED or LIME, the
// new colors magically appear
out = new FileOutputStream("modified_palette.xls");
wb.write(out);
out.close();
12.读和重写EXCEL文件
POIFSFileSystem fs =
new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream("workbook.xls"));
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(2);
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short)3);
if (cell == null)
cell = row.createCell((short)3);
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue("a test");
// Write the output to a file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
13.在EXCEL单元格中使用自动换行
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet s = wb.createSheet();
HSSFRow r = null;
HSSFCell c = null;
HSSFCellStyle cs = wb.createCellStyle();
HSSFFont f = wb.createFont();
HSSFFont f2 = wb.createFont();
cs = wb.createCellStyle();
cs.setFont( f2 );
//Word Wrap MUST be turned on
cs.setWrapText( true );
r = s.createRow( (short) 2 );
r.setHeight( (short) 0x349 );
c = r.createCell( (short) 2 );
c.setCellType( HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING );
c.setCellValue( "Use /n with word wrap on to create a new line" );
c.setCellStyle( cs );
s.setColumnWidth( (short) 2, (short) ( ( 50 * 8 ) / ( (double) 1 / 20 ) ) );
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream( "workbook.xls" );
wb.write( fileOut );
fileOut.close();
14.数字格式自定义
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");
HSSFCellStyle style;
HSSFDataFormat format = wb.createDataFormat();
HSSFRow row;
HSSFCell cell;
short rowNum = 0;
short colNum = 0;
row = sheet.createRow(rowNum++);
cell = row.createCell(colNum);
cell.setCellValue(11111.25);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("0.0"));
cell.setCellStyle(style);
row = sheet.createRow(rowNum++);
cell = row.createCell(colNum);
cell.setCellValue(11111.25);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("#,##0.0000"));
cell.setCellStyle(style);
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
15.调整工作单位置
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");
HSSFPrintSetup ps = sheet.getPrintSetup();
sheet.setAutobreaks(true);
ps.setFitHeight((short)1);
ps.setFitWidth((short)1);
// Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
16.设置打印区域
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet1");
wb.setPrintArea(0, "$A$1:$C$2");
//sets the print area for the first sheet
//Alternatively:
//wb.setPrintArea(0, 0, 1, 0, 0) is equivalent to using the name reference (See the JavaDocs for more details)
// Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
17.标注脚注
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");
HSSFFooter footer = sheet.getFooter()
footer.setRight( "Page " + HSSFFooter.page() + " of " + HSSFFooter.numPages() );
// Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
18.使用方便的内部提供的函数
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet( "new sheet" );
// Create a merged region
HSSFRow row = sheet1.createRow( (short) 1 );
HSSFRow row2 = sheet1.createRow( (short) 2 );
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell( (short) 1 );
cell.setCellValue( "This is a test of merging" );
Region region = new Region( 1, (short) 1, 4, (short) 4 );
sheet1.addMergedRegion( region );
// Set the border and border colors.
final short borderMediumDashed = HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_MEDIUM_DASHED;
HSSFRegionUtil.setBorderBottom( borderMediumDashed,
region, sheet1, wb );
HSSFRegionUtil.setBorderTop( borderMediumDashed,
region, sheet1, wb );
HSSFRegionUtil.setBorderLeft( borderMediumDashed,
region, sheet1, wb );
HSSFRegionUtil.setBorderRight( borderMediumDashed,
region, sheet1, wb );
HSSFRegionUtil.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index, region, sheet1, wb);
HSSFRegionUtil.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index, region, sheet1, wb);
HSSFRegionUtil.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index, region, sheet1, wb);
HSSFRegionUtil.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index, region, sheet1, wb);
// Shows some usages of HSSFCellUtil
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setIndention((short)4);
HSSFCellUtil.createCell(row, 8, "This is the value of the cell", style);
HSSFCell cell2 = HSSFCellUtil.createCell( row2, 8, "This is the value of the cell");
HSSFCellUtil.setAlignment(cell2, wb, HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
// Write out the workbook
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream( "workbook.xls" );
wb.write( fileOut );
fileOut.close();
19.在工作单中移动行,调整行的上下位置
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet");
// Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.
// Shift rows 6 - 11 on the spreadsheet to the top (rows 0 - 5)
sheet.shiftRows(5, 10, -5);
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
20.选种指定的工作单
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet");
sheet.setSelected(true);
// Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
21.工作单的放大缩小
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
sheet1.setZoom(3,4); // 75 percent magnification
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
22.头注和脚注
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
HSSFHeader header = sheet.getHeader();
header.setCenter("Center Header");
header.setLeft("Left Header");
header.setRight(HSSFHeader.font("Stencil-Normal", "Italic") +
HSSFHeader.fontSize((short) 16) + "Right w/ Stencil-Normal Italic font and size 16");
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
//-------------------------------以上实例代码均来自官方网站
//-------------------------------POI中使用的颜色是用颜色索引来实现,如下:
/*
* 颜色对照表 数字代表颜色索引
8: BLACK
60: BROWN
59: OLIVE_GREEN
58: DARK_GREEN
56: DARK_TEAL
18: DARK_BLUE
32: DARK_BLUE
62: INDIGO
63: GREY_80_PERCENT
53: ORANGE
19: DARK_YELLOW
17: GREEN
21: TEAL
38: TEAL
12: BLUE
39: BLUE
54: BLUE_GREY
23: GREY_50_PERCENT
10: RED
52: LIGHT_ORANGE
50: LIME
57: SEA_GREEN
49: AQUA
48: LIGHT_BLUE
20: VIOLET
36: VIOLET
55: GREY_40_PERCENT
14: PINK
33: PINK
51: GOLD
13: YELLOW
34: YELLOW
11: BRIGHT_GREEN
35: BRIGHT_GREEN
15: TURQUOISE
35: TURQUOISE
16: DARK_RED
37: DARK_RED
40: SKY_BLUE
61: PLUM
25: PLUM
22: GREY_25_PERCENT
45: ROSE
43: LIGHT_YELLOW
42: LIGHT_GREEN
41: LIGHT_TURQUOISE
27:LIGHT_TURQUOISE
44: PALE_BLUE
46: LAVENDER
9: WHITE
24: CORNFLOWER_BLUE
26: LEMON_CHIFFON
25: MAROON
28: ORCHID
29: CORAL
30: ROYAL_BLUE
31: LIGHT_CORNFLOWER_BLUE
*/
//----------------------------------------------------你可以按上面的方法来自定义颜色
/*
* 自定义颜色,去掉注释,贴加,其他则查看颜色对照表
HSSFPalette palette = this.getCustomPalette();
palette.setColorAtIndex(idx,
i, //RGB red (0-255)
j, //RGB green
k //RGB blue
);
*/