玩Java 8 – Lambda和并发

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-14 11:29:03 发布

dnc8371

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-14 11:29:03 发布

阅读量289

点赞数

文章标签： java stream log4j 人工智能 github

因此Java 8不久前发布，具有许多功能和更改。我们所有的Java狂热者一直在等待这个历史，从他们最初宣布Java 7的所有强大功能开始一直到最终被取消。

我最近才有时间实际开始给它一个真实的外观，我将我的家庭项目更新到了8个，我不得不说，我对所获得的一切通常感到非常满意。 java.time API的“模仿” JodaTime是一个很大的改进，java.util.stream包正在变得有用，lambda将改变我们的编码样式，这可能需要一些时间来适应这些变化……引用“强大的力量伴随着巨大的责任”这句话是正确的，我认为在我们的未来可能会有一些有趣的时刻，因为编写一些难以破解的代码非常容易。作为调试示例，我在下面编写的代码将很有趣。

文件示例在我的Github博客回购中

此示例的操作很简单，运行几个线程，并发执行一些工作，然后等待它们全部完成。我在玩Java 8的时候就想通了，让我全力以赴……
这是我想出的：

package net.briandupreez.blog.java8.futures;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;


/**
 * Generified future running and completion
 *
 * @param <T> the result type
 * @param <S> the task input
 */
public class WaitingFuturesRunner<T, S> {
    private transient static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(WaitingFuturesRunner.class);
    private final Collection<Task<T, S>> tasks;
    private final long timeOut;
    private final TimeUnit timeUnit;
    private final ExecutorService executor;

    /**
     * Constructor, used to initialise with the required tasks
     *
     * @param tasks the list of tasks to execute
     * @param timeOut  max length of time to wait
     * @param timeUnit     time out timeUnit
     */
    public WaitingFuturesRunner(final Collection<Task<T, S>> tasks, final long timeOut, final TimeUnit timeUnit) {
        this.tasks = tasks;
        this.timeOut = timeOut;
        this.timeUnit = timeUnit;
        this.executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(tasks.size());
    }

    /**
     * Go!
     *
     * @param taskInput          The input to the task
     * @param consolidatedResult a container of all the completed results
     */
    public void go(final S taskInput, final ConsolidatedResult<T> consolidatedResult) {
        final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(tasks.size());
        final List<CompletableFuture<T>> theFutures = tasks.stream()
                .map(aSearch -> CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> processTask(aSearch, taskInput, latch), executor))
                .collect(Collectors.<CompletableFuture<T>>toList());

        final CompletableFuture<List<T>> allDone = collectTasks(theFutures);
        try {
            latch.await(timeOut, timeUnit);
            logger.debug("complete... adding results");
            allDone.get().forEach(consolidatedResult::addResult);
        } catch (final InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            logger.error("Thread Error", e);
            throw new RuntimeException("Thread Error, could not complete processing", e);
        }
    }

    private <E> CompletableFuture<List<E>> collectTasks(final List<CompletableFuture<E>> futures) {
        final CompletableFuture<Void> allDoneFuture = CompletableFuture.allOf(futures.toArray(new CompletableFuture[futures.size()]));
        return allDoneFuture.thenApply(v -> futures.stream()
                        .map(CompletableFuture<E>::join)
                        .collect(Collectors.<E>toList())
        );
    }

    private T processTask(final Task<T, S> task, final S searchTerm, final CountDownLatch latch) {
        logger.debug("Starting: " + task);
        T searchResults = null;
        try {
            searchResults = task.process(searchTerm, latch);
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return searchResults;
    }

}

测试：

package net.briandupreez.blog.java8.futures;

import net.briandupreez.blog.java8.futures.example.StringInputTask;
import net.briandupreez.blog.java8.futures.example.StringResults;
import org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * Test
 * Created by brian on 4/26/14.
 */
public class CompletableFuturesRunnerTest {

    @BeforeClass
    public static void init() {
        BasicConfigurator.configure();
    }

    /**
     *  5tasks at 3000ms concurrently should not be more than 3100
     * @throws Exception error
     */
    @Test(timeout = 3100)
    public void testGo() throws Exception {
        final List<Task<String, String>> taskList = setupTasks();

        final WaitingFuturesRunner<String, String> completableFuturesRunner = new WaitingFuturesRunner<>(taskList, 4, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        final StringResults consolidatedResults = new StringResults();

        completableFuturesRunner.go("Something To Process", consolidatedResults);

        Assert.assertEquals(5, consolidatedResults.getResults().size());
        for (final String s : consolidatedResults.getResults()) {
            Assert.assertTrue(s.contains("complete"));
            Assert.assertTrue(s.contains("Something To Process"));
        }


    }

    private List<Task<String, String>> setupTasks() {
        final List<Task<String, String>> taskList = new ArrayList<>();
        final StringInputTask stringInputTask = new StringInputTask("Task 1");
        final StringInputTask stringInputTask2 = new StringInputTask("Task 2");
        final StringInputTask stringInputTask3 = new StringInputTask("Task 3");
        final StringInputTask stringInputTask4 = new StringInputTask("Task 4");
        final StringInputTask stringInputTask5 = new StringInputTask("Task 5");
        taskList.add(stringInputTask);
        taskList.add(stringInputTask2);
        taskList.add(stringInputTask3);
        taskList.add(stringInputTask4);
        taskList.add(stringInputTask5);
        return taskList;
    }
}

输出：

0 [pool-1-thread-1] Starting: StringInputTask{taskName='Task 1'}

0 [pool-1-thread-5] Starting: StringInputTask{taskName='Task 5'}

0 [pool-1-thread-2] Starting: StringInputTask{taskName='Task 2'}

2 [pool-1-thread-4] Starting: StringInputTask{taskName='Task 4'}

2 [pool-1-thread-3] Starting: StringInputTask{taskName='Task 3'}

3003 [pool-1-thread-5] Done: Task 5

3004 [pool-1-thread-3] Done: Task 3

3003 [pool-1-thread-1] Done: Task 1

3003 [pool-1-thread-4] Done: Task 4

3003 [pool-1-thread-2] Done: Task 2

3007 [Thread-0] WaitingFuturesRunner  - complete... adding results

在执行此操作时，我发现并阅读了一些有用的文章/链接：

Oracle： Lambda教程

IBM： Java 8并发

Tomasz Nurkiewicz： CompletableFuture权威指南