Java：安排作业按时间间隔运行

最近，我花了一些时间围绕Neo4j版本之间的滚动升级构建了一组测试，作为其中的一部分，我想记录升级发生时的群集状态。

测试的主线程会等待升级完成，因此我想每隔几秒钟登录另一个线程。 Alistair向我指出了ScheduledExecutorService ，该服务效果很好。

我结束了一个大致如下的测试：

public class MyUpgradeTest {
    @Test
    public void shouldUpgradeFromOneVersionToAnother() throws InterruptedException
    {
        ScheduledExecutorService scheduledExecutorService = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
        scheduledExecutorService.scheduleAtFixedRate( new LogAllTheThings(), 0, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS );

        Thread.sleep(10000);
        // do upgrade of cluster
        scheduledExecutorService.shutdown();
    }

    static class LogAllTheThings implements Runnable
    {
        @Override
        public void run()
        {
            Date time = new Date( System.currentTimeMillis() );

            try
            {
                Map<String, Object> masterProperties = selectedProperties( client(), URI.create( "http://localhost:7474/" ) );
                System.out.println( String.format( "%s: %s", time, masterProperties ) );
            }
            catch ( Exception ignored )
            {
                ignored.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        private static Client client()
        {
            DefaultClientConfig defaultClientConfig = new DefaultClientConfig();
            defaultClientConfig.getClasses().add( JacksonJsonProvider.class );
            return Client.create( defaultClientConfig );
        }

        public static Map<String, Object> selectedProperties( Client client, URI uri )
        {
            Map<String, Object> jmxProperties = new HashMap<String, Object>();

            ArrayNode transactionsProperties = jmxBean( client, uri, "org.neo4j/instance%3Dkernel%230%2Cname%3DTransactions" );
            addProperty( jmxProperties, transactionsProperties, "LastCommittedTxId" );

            ArrayNode kernelProperties = jmxBean( client, uri, "org.neo4j/instance%3Dkernel%230%2Cname%3DKernel" );
            addProperty( jmxProperties, kernelProperties, "KernelVersion" );

            ArrayNode haProperties = jmxBean( client, uri, "org.neo4j/instance%3Dkernel%230%2Cname%3DHigh+Availability" );
            addProperty( jmxProperties, haProperties, "Role" );
            addProperty( jmxProperties, haProperties, "InstanceId" );

            return jmxProperties;
        }

        private static void addProperty( Map<String, Object> jmxProperties, ArrayNode properties, String propertyName )
        {
            jmxProperties.put( propertyName, getProperty( properties, propertyName ) );
        }

        private static String getProperty( ArrayNode properties, String propertyName )
        {
            for ( JsonNode property : properties )
            {
                if ( property.get( "name" ).asText().equals( propertyName ) )
                {
                    return property.get( "value" ).asText();
                }
            }

            throw new RuntimeException( "Could not find requested property: " + propertyName );
        }

        private static ArrayNode jmxBean( Client client, URI uri, String beanExtension )
        {
            ClientResponse clientResponse = client
                    .resource( uri + "db/manage/server/jmx/domain/" + beanExtension )
                    .accept( MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON )
                    .get( ClientResponse.class );

            JsonNode transactionsBean = clientResponse.getEntity( JsonNode.class );
            return (ArrayNode) transactionsBean.get( 0 ).get( "attributes" );
        }
    }
}

LogAllTheThings每秒被调用一次，它记录Neo4j服务器作为JMX属性公开的KernelVersion，InstanceId，LastCommittedTxId和Role。

如果我们对本地Neo4j集群运行它，我们将看到以下内容：

Sun Nov 17 22:31:55 GMT 2013: {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=1, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=master}
Sun Nov 17 22:31:56 GMT 2013: {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=1, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=master}
Sun Nov 17 22:31:57 GMT 2013: {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=1, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=master}
Sun Nov 17 22:31:58 GMT 2013: {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=1, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=master}
Sun Nov 17 22:31:59 GMT 2013: {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=1, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=master}
...
removed for brevity

下一步是同时获取集群所有成员的属性，然后我们可以引入另一个ExecutorService ，该线程的线程池为3，以便它将同时评估（至少接近）每台计算机：

static class LogAllTheThings implements Runnable
    {
        private ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool( 3 );

        @Override
        public void run()
        {
            List<URI> machines = new ArrayList<>(  );
            machines.add(URI.create( "http://localhost:7474/" ));
            machines.add(URI.create( "http://localhost:7484/" ));
            machines.add(URI.create( "http://localhost:7494/" ));

            Map<URI, Future<Map<String, Object>>> futureJmxProperties = new HashMap<>(  );
            for ( final URI machine : machines )
            {
                Future<Map<String, Object>> futureProperties = executorService.submit( new Callable<Map<String, Object>>()
                {
                    @Override
                    public Map<String, Object> call() throws Exception
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            return selectedProperties( client(), machine );
                        }
                        catch ( Exception ignored )
                        {
                            ignored.printStackTrace();
                            return new HashMap<>();
                        }
                    }
                } );

                futureJmxProperties.put( machine, futureProperties );
            }

            Date time = new Date( System.currentTimeMillis() );
            System.out.println( time );
            for ( Map.Entry<URI, Future<Map<String, Object>>> uriFutureEntry : futureJmxProperties.entrySet() )
            {
                try
                {
                    System.out.println( "==> " + uriFutureEntry.getValue().get() );
                }
                catch ( Exception ignored )
                {

                }
            }
        }

        // other methods the same as above
    }

我们将每个作业提交给ExecutorService，并返回一个Future ，并将其存储在地图中，然后再检索其结果。 如果运行该命令，将看到以下输出：

Sun Nov 17 22:49:58 GMT 2013
==> {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=1, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=master}
==> {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=2, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=slave}
==> {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=3, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=slave}
Sun Nov 17 22:49:59 GMT 2013
==> {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=1, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=master}
==> {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=2, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=slave}
==> {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=3, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=slave}
Sun Nov 17 22:50:00 GMT 2013
==> {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=1, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=master}
==> {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=2, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=slave}
==> {KernelVersion=Neo4j - Graph Database Kernel 2.0.0-M06, InstanceId=3, LastCommittedTxId=18, Role=slave}

...
removed for brevity

总体而言，这种方法效果很好，尽管我总是愿意学习更好的方法！

参考： Java：安排我们的JCG合作伙伴 Mark Needham在Mark Needham Blog博客上按时间间隔运行作业 。

翻译自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2013/11/java-schedule-a-job-to-run-on-a-time-interval.html