- 使用页面大小的普通字节[]的RandomAccessFile 。
- 缓冲的FileInputStream和FileOutputStream 。
- 具有页面大小的ByteBuffer的NIO FileChannel 。
- 使用NIO和直接MappedByteBuffer映射文件的内存。
编码
import java.io.*;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import static java.lang.Integer.MAX_VALUE;
import static java.lang.System.out;
import static java.nio.channels.FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY;
import static java.nio.channels.FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE;
public final class TestSequentialIoPerf
{
public static final int PAGE_SIZE = 1024 * 4;
public static final long FILE_SIZE = PAGE_SIZE * 2000L * 1000L;
public static final String FILE_NAME = "test.dat";
public static final byte[] BLANK_PAGE = new byte[PAGE_SIZE];
public static void main(final String[] arg) throws Exception
{
preallocateTestFile(FILE_NAME);
for (final PerfTestCase testCase : testCases)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
System.gc();
long writeDurationMs = testCase.test(PerfTestCase.Type.WRITE,
FILE_NAME);
System.gc();
long readDurationMs = testCase.test(PerfTestCase.Type.READ,
FILE_NAME);
long bytesReadPerSec = (FILE_SIZE * 1000L) / readDurationMs;
long bytesWrittenPerSec = (FILE_SIZE * 1000L) / writeDurationMs;
out.format("%s\twrite=%,d\tread=%,d bytes/sec\n",
testCase.getName(),
bytesWrittenPerSec, bytesReadPerSec);
}
}
deleteFile(FILE_NAME);
}
private static void preallocateTestFile(final String fileName)
throws Exception
{
RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "rw");
for (long i = 0; i < FILE_SIZE; i += PAGE_SIZE)
{
file.write(BLANK_PAGE, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
}
file.close();
}
private static void deleteFile(final String testFileName) throws Exception
{
File file = new File(testFileName);
if (!file.delete())
{
out.println("Failed to delete test file=" + testFileName);
out.println("Windows does not allow mapped files to be deleted.");
}
}
public abstract static class PerfTestCase
{
public enum Type { READ, WRITE }
private final String name;
private int checkSum;
public PerfTestCase(final String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public long test(final Type type, final String fileName)
{
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
try
{
switch (type)
{
case WRITE:
{
checkSum = testWrite(fileName);
break;
}
case READ:
{
final int checkSum = testRead(fileName);
if (checkSum != this.checkSum)
{
final String msg = getName() +
" expected=" + this.checkSum +
" got=" + checkSum;
throw new IllegalStateException(msg);
}
break;
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
}
public abstract int testWrite(final String fileName) throws Exception;
public abstract int testRead(final String fileName) throws Exception;
}
private static PerfTestCase[] testCases =
{
new PerfTestCase("RandomAccessFile")
{
public int testWrite(final String fileName) throws Exception
{
RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "rw");
final byte[] buffer = new byte[PAGE_SIZE];
int pos = 0;
int checkSum = 0;
for (long i = 0; i < FILE_SIZE; i++)
{
byte b = (byte)i;
checkSum += b;
buffer[pos++] = b;
if (PAGE_SIZE == pos)
{
file.write(buffer, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
pos = 0;
}
}
file.close();
return checkSum;
}
public int testRead(final String fileName) throws Exception
{
RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "r");
final byte[] buffer = new byte[PAGE_SIZE];
int checkSum = 0;
int bytesRead;
while (-1 != (bytesRead = file.read(buffer)))
{
for (int i = 0; i < bytesRead; i++)
{
checkSum += buffer[i];
}
}
file.close();
return checkSum;
}
},
new PerfTestCase("BufferedStreamFile")
{
public int testWrite(final String fileName) throws Exception
{
int checkSum = 0;
OutputStream out =
new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fileName));
for (long i = 0; i < FILE_SIZE; i++)
{
byte b = (byte)i;
checkSum += b;
out.write(b);
}
out.close();
return checkSum;
}
public int testRead(final String fileName) throws Exception
{
int checkSum = 0;
InputStream in =
new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(fileName));
int b;
while (-1 != (b = in.read()))
{
checkSum += (byte)b;
}
in.close();
return checkSum;
}
},
new PerfTestCase("BufferedChannelFile")
{
public int testWrite(final String fileName) throws Exception
{
FileChannel channel =
new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "rw").getChannel();
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(PAGE_SIZE);
int checkSum = 0;
for (long i = 0; i < FILE_SIZE; i++)
{
byte b = (byte)i;
checkSum += b;
buffer.put(b);
if (!buffer.hasRemaining())
{
buffer.flip();
channel.write(buffer);
buffer.clear();
}
}
channel.close();
return checkSum;
}
public int testRead(final String fileName) throws Exception
{
FileChannel channel =
new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "rw").getChannel();
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(PAGE_SIZE);
int checkSum = 0;
while (-1 != (channel.read(buffer)))
{
buffer.flip();
while (buffer.hasRemaining())
{
checkSum += buffer.get();
}
buffer.clear();
}
return checkSum;
}
},
new PerfTestCase("MemoryMappedFile")
{
public int testWrite(final String fileName) throws Exception
{
FileChannel channel =
new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "rw").getChannel();
MappedByteBuffer buffer =
channel.map(READ_WRITE, 0,
Math.min(channel.size(), MAX_VALUE));
int checkSum = 0;
for (long i = 0; i < FILE_SIZE; i++)
{
if (!buffer.hasRemaining())
{
buffer =
channel.map(READ_WRITE, i,
Math.min(channel.size() - i , MAX_VALUE));
}
byte b = (byte)i;
checkSum += b;
buffer.put(b);
}
channel.close();
return checkSum;
}
public int testRead(final String fileName) throws Exception
{
FileChannel channel =
new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "rw").getChannel();
MappedByteBuffer buffer =
channel.map(READ_ONLY, 0,
Math.min(channel.size(), MAX_VALUE));
int checkSum = 0;
for (long i = 0; i < FILE_SIZE; i++)
{
if (!buffer.hasRemaining())
{
buffer =
channel.map(READ_WRITE, i,
Math.min(channel.size() - i , MAX_VALUE));
}
checkSum += buffer.get();
}
channel.close();
return checkSum;
}
},
};
}
结果
400MB file
===========
RandomAccessFile write=294,041,636 read=1,494,890,510 bytes/sec
BufferedStreamFile写入= 98,178,331读取= 286,433,566字节/秒
BufferedStreamFile写入= 100,244,738读取= 288,857,545字节/秒
BufferedStreamFile写入= 82,948,562读取= 154,100,827字节/秒 BufferedStreamFile写入= 108,503,311读取= 153,869,271字节/秒 BufferedStreamFile写入= 113,055,478读取= 152,608,047字节/秒
BufferedChannelFile写入= 228,443,948读取= 356,173,913字节/秒
BufferedChannelFile写入= 265,629,053读取= 374,063,926字节/秒
BufferedChannelFile写= 223,825,136读= 1,539,849,624字节/秒BufferedChannelFile写= 232,992,036读= 1,539,849,624字节/秒BufferedChannelFile写= 212,779,220读= 1,534,082,397字节/秒 MemoryMappedFile写入= 300,955,180读取= 305,899,925字节/秒 MemoryMappedFile写入= 313,149,847读取= 310,538,286字节/秒 MemoryMappedFile写入= 326,374,501读取= 303,857,566字节/秒 MemoryMappedFile写入= 327,680,000读取= 304,535,315字节/秒 MemoryMappedFile写入= 326895450读取= 303632320字节/秒
8GB文件
============
RandomAccessFile写入= 167,402,321读取= 251,922,012字节/秒 RandomAccessFile写入= 193,934,802读取= 257,052,307字节/秒 RandomAccessFile写入= 192,948,159读取= 248,460,768字节/秒 RandomAccessFile写入= 191,814,180读取= 245,225,408字节/秒 RandomAccessFile写入= 190,635,762读取= 275,315,073字节/秒
BufferedStreamFile写入= 154,823,102读取= 248,355,313字节/秒
BufferedStreamFile写入= 152,083,913读取= 253,418,301字节/秒
BufferedStreamFile写入= 133,099,369读取= 146,056,197字节/秒 BufferedStreamFile写入= 131,065,708读取= 146,217,827字节/秒 BufferedStreamFile写入= 132694052读取= 148116004字节/秒
BufferedChannelFile写入= 186703740读取= 215075218字节/秒
BufferedChannelFile写入= 190,591,410读取= 211,030,680字节/秒BufferedChannelFile写入= 187,220,038读取= 223,087,606字节/秒
BufferedChannelFile写入= 191,585,397读取= 221,297,747字节/秒 BufferedChannelFile写入= 192,653,214读取= 211,789,038字节/秒
MemoryMappedFile写入= 123,023,322读取= 231,530,156字节/秒
MemoryMappedFile写入= 121,961,023读取= 230,403,600字节/秒
MemoryMappedFile写入= 123,317,778读取= 229,899,250字节/秒 MemoryMappedFile写入= 121,472,738读取= 231,739,745字节/秒 MemoryMappedFile写入= 120,362,615读取= 231,190,382字节/秒
分析
翻译自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2012/07/java-sequential-io-performance.html