Android中利用HttpClient建立一次持久的连接

　　首先，http协议是无状态的连接，之前的两种方式get，与post连接方式，每点击一次就启动了一个线程，而在启动线程时

很自然的就重新的new出了一个新的HttpClient，相当于两个客户端向服务器发送了请求，这在实际应用中显然是不合理的，由

于Android中没有浏览器类似的Cookie管理机制，所以我们必须保证在Android客户端启动之后，我们对服务器访问的是同一个

Client。这里用到的思想主要是单例，加上同步机制，以下是一个简单的实现案例：

MainActivity.java：

package com.example.test003;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import com.example.test003.MainActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private EditText et1;
    private EditText et2;
    private Button btn1;
    private Button btn2;
    private TextView tv3;
    
    private Handler handler;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        et1 = (EditText) super.findViewById(R.id.editText1);
        et2 = (EditText) super.findViewById(R.id.editText2);
        tv3 = (TextView)super.findViewById(R.id.textView3);
        btn1 = (Button)super.findViewById(R.id.button1);
        btn2 = (Button)super.findViewById(R.id.button2);
        handler = new Handler(){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                switch (msg.what) {
                case 1:
                    try {
                        JSONObject obj = (JSONObject) msg.obj;
                        String result = obj.getString("result");
                        if(result.equals("1")){
                            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "欢迎您"+obj.getString("cname"),3000).show();
                        }else{
                            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "登陆失败",3000).show();
                        }
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    break;
                case 2:
                    String info = (String) msg.obj;
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, info,3000).show();
                    break;
                }
            }
        };
        
        
        btn2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View arg0) {
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                        InputStream iis = YcHttpClient.post("http://192.168.14.194:8080/HttpClient_Server/back/index.jsp", null);
                            byte[] bs = IOUtil.read(iis);
                            String s = new String(bs);
                            Message m = new Message();
                            m.what = 2;
                            m.obj = s;
                            handler.sendMessage(m);
                    }
                }).start();
            }
        });
        
        
        btn1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            
            @Override
            public void onClick(View arg0) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                        String cname = et1.getText().toString().trim();
                        String password = et2.getText().toString().trim();
                        String op = "login";
                        List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
                        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("cname", cname));
                        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));
                        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("op",op));
                        InputStream iis = YcHttpClient.post(Constants.ADDRESS, params);
                        
                        try {
                            byte[] bs = IOUtil.read(iis);
                            String s = new String(bs);
                            JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(s);
                            Message m = new Message();
                            m.what = 1;
                            m.obj = obj;
                            handler.sendMessage(m);
                        } catch (JSONException e) {
                            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }).start();
                
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

}

UserHttpClient.java：

package com.example.test003;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.HttpVersion;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.params.ConnManagerParams;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.PlainSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.tsccm.ThreadSafeClientConnManager;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpProtocolParams;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;

import android.util.Log;
/**
 * 单例模式，为解决Http协议无状态，模拟一次持久的链接状态
 * 构造方法私有化  对外提供一个getHttpClient方法，
 * 并且让这个方法同步，来解决多线程访问的问题
 * @author dell
 *
 */
public class UserHttpClient {
    private static final String CHARSET = HTTP.UTF_8;
    private static HttpClient userHttpClient;

    private static final String TAG = "userHttpClient";
    //构造方法私有化
    private UserHttpClient() {
    }
    //对外提供getHttpClient方法
    public static synchronized HttpClient getHttpClient() {
        //如果userHttpClient == null  即原来没有 userHttpClient 第一次链接
        if (null == userHttpClient) {
            // This interface represents a collection of HTTP protocol parameters
            //这是一个Http协议的集合，里面存放了Http协议的相应参数信息
            HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
            // 设置一些基本参数
            HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);  //设置协议的版本
            HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, CHARSET); //设置内容的编码集
            HttpProtocolParams.setUseExpectContinue(params, true); //
            HttpProtocolParams
                    .setUserAgent(
                            params,
                            "Mozilla/5.0(Linux;U;Android 2.2.1;en-us;Nexus One Build.FRG83) "
                                    + "AppleWebKit/553.1(KHTML,like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1");
            // 超时设置
            /* 从连接池中取连接的超时时间 */
            ConnManagerParams.setTimeout(params, 1000);
            /* 连接超时 */
            HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(params, 2000);
            /* 请求超时 */
            HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(params, 4000);

            // 设置我们的HttpClient支持HTTP和HTTPS两种模式
            SchemeRegistry schReg = new SchemeRegistry();
            schReg.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory
                    .getSocketFactory(), 80));
            schReg.register(new Scheme("https", SSLSocketFactory
                    .getSocketFactory(), 443));

            // 使用线程安全的连接管理来创建HttpClient
            ClientConnectionManager conMgr = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(
                    params, schReg);
            userHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(conMgr, params);
        }
        return userHttpClient;
    }
    /**
     * 
     * @param url:访问的地址
     * @param params ：要传的参数
     * @return ：服务器返回一个输入流
     */
    public static InputStream post(String url, List<NameValuePair> params) {
        try {
            // 编码参数
            List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); // 请求参数
            if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {
                for (NameValuePair p : params) {
                    formparams.add(p);
                }
            }
            //创建一个实体，里面存放了要传送的数据 并且对数据进行了编码 ：CHARSET -- > utf-8
            UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams,    CHARSET);
            // 创建POST请求
            HttpPost request = new HttpPost(url);
            //在请求里把要传送的数据放进去
            request.setEntity(entity);
            
            
            // 获取唯一的一个HttpClient实例... 单例模式
            HttpClient client = getHttpClient();
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                throw new RuntimeException("请求失败");
            }
            HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
            return (resEntity == null) ? null : resEntity.getContent();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            Log.w(TAG, e.getMessage());
            return null;
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            Log.w(TAG, e.getMessage());
            return null;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("连接失败", e);
        }
    }
}

IOUtil.java：

package com.example.test003;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class IOUtil {
    public static byte[] read(InputStream inputStream){
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int length = 0;
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        
        try {
            while ((length = inputStream.read( buffer,0,buffer.length)) != -1){
                baos.write(buffer,0,length);
                inputStream.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return baos.toByteArray();
    }
}

Constants.java：

package com.example.test003;

public class Constants {
    public final static String ADDRESS = "http://192.168.14.194:8080/HttpClient_Server/cust.action";
}

 

 

 

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/EmperLin/p/3497881.html