这篇文章主要介绍了Android编程使用HTTP协议与TCP协议实现上传文件的方法,结合实例形式较为详细的分析了Android使用HTTP协议与TCP协议的具体步骤与实现文件传输的相关技巧,需要的朋友可以参考下
http://www.jb51.net/article/77410.htm
本文实例讲述了Android编程使用HTTP协议与TCP协议实现上传文件的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
Android上传文件有两种方式，第一种是基于Http协议的HttpURLConnection，第二种是基于TCP协议的Socket。 这两种方式的区别是使用HttpURLConnection上传时内部有缓存机制，如果上传较大文件会导致内存溢出。如果用TCP协议Socket方式上传就会解决这种弊端。
HTTP协议HttpURLConnection
1. 通过URL封装路径打开一个HttpURLConnection
2.设置请求方式以及头字段：Content-Type、Content-Length、Host
3.拼接数据发送
示例：
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private
static
final
String BOUNDARY =
"---------------------------7db1c523809b2"
;
//数据分割线
public
boolean
uploadHttpURLConnection(String username, String password, String path)
throws
Exception {
//找到sdcard上的文件
File file =
new
File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), path);
//仿Http协议发送数据方式进行拼接
StringBuilder sb =
new
StringBuilder();
sb.append(
"--"
+ BOUNDARY +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"username\""
+
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(username +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"--"
+ BOUNDARY +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"password\""
+
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(password +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"--"
+ BOUNDARY +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\""
+ path +
"\""
+
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"Content-Type: image/pjpeg"
+
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"\r\n"
);
byte
[] before = sb.toString().getBytes(
"UTF-8"
);
byte
[] after = (
"\r\n--"
+ BOUNDARY +
"--\r\n"
).getBytes(
"UTF-8"
);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod(
"POST"
);
conn.setRequestProperty(
"Content-Type"
,
"multipart/form-data; boundary="
+ BOUNDARY);
conn.setRequestProperty(
"Content-Length"
, String.valueOf(before.length + file.length() + after.length));
conn.setRequestProperty(
"HOST"
,
"192.168.1.16:8080"
);
conn.setDoOutput(
true
);
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
InputStream in =
new
FileInputStream(file);
out.write(before);
byte
[] buf =
new
byte
[
1024
];
int
len;
while
((len = in.read(buf)) != -
1
)
out.write(buf,
0
, len);
out.write(after);
in.close();
out.close();
return
conn.getResponseCode() ==
200
;
}
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TCP协议Socket
1.我们可以使用Socket发送TCP请求，将上传数据分段发送
示例：
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public
boolean
uploadBySocket(String username, String password, String path)
throws
Exception {
// 根据path找到SDCard中的文件
File file =
new
File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), path);
// 组装表单字段和文件之前的数据
StringBuilder sb =
new
StringBuilder();
sb.append(
"--"
+ BOUNDARY +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"username\""
+
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(username +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"--"
+ BOUNDARY +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"password\""
+
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(password +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"--"
+ BOUNDARY +
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\""
+ path +
"\""
+
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"Content-Type: image/pjpeg"
+
"\r\n"
);
sb.append(
"\r\n"
);
// 文件之前的数据
byte
[] before = sb.toString().getBytes(
"UTF-8"
);
// 文件之后的数据
byte
[] after = (
"\r\n--"
+ BOUNDARY +
"--\r\n"
).getBytes(
"UTF-8"
);
// 由于HttpURLConnection中会缓存数据, 上传较大文件时会导致内存溢出, 所以我们使用Socket传输
Socket socket =
new
Socket(url.getHost(), url.getPort());
OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
PrintStream ps =
new
PrintStream(out,
true
,
"UTF-8"
);
// 写出请求头
ps.println(
"POST /14_Web/servlet/LoginServlet HTTP/1.1"
);
ps.println(
"Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="
+ BOUNDARY);
ps.println(
"Content-Length: "
+ String.valueOf(before.length + file.length() + after.length));
ps.println(
"Host: 192.168.1.199:8080"
);
InputStream in =
new
FileInputStream(file);
// 写出数据
out.write(before);
byte
[] buf =
new
byte
[
1024
];
int
len;
while
((len = in.read(buf)) != -
1
)
out.write(buf,
0
, len);
out.write(after);
in.close();
out.close();
return
true
;
}
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搭建服务器，完成上传功能
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package
cn.test.web.servlet;
import
java.io.File;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.util.List;
import
javax.servlet.ServletException;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import
org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import
org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItemFactory;
import
org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import
org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
public
class
LoginServlet
extends
HttpServlet {
private
static
final
long
serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public
void
doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws
ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
@Override
public
void
doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws
ServletException, IOException {
boolean
isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);
if
(isMultipart)
try
{
FileItemFactory factory =
new
DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload upload =
new
ServletFileUpload(factory);
List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);
File dir =
new
File(request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(
"/WEB-INF/upload"
));
//创建目录
dir.mkdir();
for
(FileItem item : items)
if
(item.isFormField())
System.out.println(item.getFieldName() +
": "
+ item.getString());
else
{
item.write(
new
File(dir,item.getName().substring(item.getName().lastIndexOf(
"\\"
)+
1
)));
}
}
catch
(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
else
{
System.out.println(request.getMethod());
System.out.println(request.getParameter(
"username"
));
System.out.println(request.getParameter(
"password"
));
}
}
}
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希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。
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