setsockopt设置SO_SNDBUF

 case SO_SNDBUF:
                         /* Don't error on this BSD doesn't and if you think
                            about it this is right. Otherwise apps have to
                            play 'guess the biggest size' games. RCVBUF/SNDBUF
                            are treated in BSD as hints */
                            
                       if (val > sysctl_wmem_max)
                                 val = sysctl_wmem_max;
 set_sndbuf:
                         sk->sk_userlocks |= SOCK_SNDBUF_LOCK;
                         if ((val * 2) < SOCK_MIN_SNDBUF)
                                sk->sk_sndbuf = SOCK_MIN_SNDBUF;
                         else
                                 sk->sk_sndbuf = val * 2;
 
                        /*
                         *      Wake up sending tasks if we
                         *      upped the value.
                         */
                         sk->sk_write_space(sk);
                         break;

由这段代码我们可以看到实际发生在SO_SNDBUF上的事情：
1 检测SO_SNDBUF选项值来确定他是否超过了缓冲区的最大值
2 如果步骤1中的SO_SNDBUF选项值没有超过最大值，那么就使用这个最大值，而不会向调用者返回错误代码
3 如果SO_SNDBUF选项值的2倍小于套接口SO_SNDBUF的最小值，那么实际的SO_SNDBUF则会设置为SO_SNDBUF的最小值，否则则会SO_SNDBUF选项值则会设置为SO_SNDBUF选项值的2倍

从这里我们可以看出SO_SNDBUF的选项值只是所用的一个提示值。内核会最终确定为SO_SNDBUF所用的最佳值

类似的设置同样适合SO_RCVBUF