public class LeftRightDeadlock {
private final Object left = new Object();
private final Object right = new Object();
public void leftRight() {
synchronized (left) {
synchronized (right) {
doSomething();
}
}
}
public void rightLeft() {
synchronized (right) {
synchronized (left) {
doSomethingElse();
}
}
}
}
public class StripedMap {
// Synchronization policy: buckets[n] guarded by locks[n%N_LOCKS]
private static final int N_LOCKS = 16;
private final Node[] buckets;
private final Object[] locks;
private static class Node { ... }
public StripedMap(int numBuckets) {
buckets = new Node[numBuckets];
locks = new Object[N_LOCKS];
for (int i = 0; i < N_LOCKS; i++)
locks[i] = new Object();
}
private final int hash(Object key) {
return Math.abs(key.hashCode() % buckets.length);
}
public Object get(Object key) {
int hash = hash(key);
synchronized (locks[hash % N_LOCKS]) {
for (Node m = buckets[hash]; m != null; m = m.next)
if (m.key.equals(key))
return m.value;
}
return null;
}
public void clear() {
for (int i = 0; i < buckets.length; i++) {
synchronized (locks[i % N_LOCKS]) {
buckets[i] = null;
}
}
}
...
}
public class ReadWriteMap<K,V> {
private final Map<K,V> map;
private final ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
private final Lock r = lock.readLock();
private final Lock w = lock.writeLock();
public ReadWriteMap(Map<K,V> map) {
this.map = map;
}
public V put(K key, V value) {
w.lock();
try {
return map.put(key, value);
} finally {
w.unlock();
}
}
// Do the same for remove(), putAll(), clear()
public V get(Object key) {
r.lock();
try {
return map.get(key);
} finally {
r.unlock();
}
}
// Do the same for other read-only Map methods
}