项目一:数据导入导出
内容:将之前创建的任意一张MySQL表导出,且是CSV格式,再将CSV表导入数据库。
操作如下(以下为Navicat操作步骤截图):
1.选一个表格,右击选择“导出向导”,如下图:
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2.选择“CSV文件”,如下图:
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3.按照提示选择即可:
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4.找到导出的文件,右击Navicat中表格,选择“导入向导”,如下图:
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5.按导入向导顺序导入即可
项目二: 各部门工资最高的员工
创建 Employee 表,包含所有员工信息,每个员工有其对应的 Id, salary 和 department Id。
Id Name Salary DepartmentId
1 Joe 70000 1
2 Henry 80000 2
3 Sam 60000 2
4 Max 90000 1
创建 Department 表,包含公司所有部门的信息。
Id Name
1 IT
2 Sales
编写一个 SQL 查询,找出每个部门工资最高的员工。例如,根据上述给定的表格,Max 在 IT 部门有最高工资,Henry 在 Sales 部门有最高工资。
创建表:
-- 创建Employee表并插入数据
create table Employee(
id char(10),
Name char(20),
Salary int,
Departmentid char(10));
insert into Employee values('1','Joe',70000,'1');
insert into Employee values('2','Henry',80000,'2');
insert into Employee values('3','Sam',60000,'2');
insert into Employee values('4','Max',90000,'1');
-- 创建Department表并插入数据
create table Department(
id char(10),
Name char(20));
insert into Department values('1','IT');
insert into Department values('2','Sales');
查询&运行结果:
SELECT (department.Name)as Department,(employee.Name)as Employee,max(employee.Salary)as Salary
FROM department,employee
WHERE department.id=employee.Departmentid
GROUP BY Department
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项目二:换座位
小美是一所中学的信息科技老师,她有一张 seat 座位表,平时用来储存学生名字和与他们相对应的座位 id。其中纵列的 id 是连续递增的,小美想改变相邻俩学生的座位。
你能不能帮她写一个 SQL query 来输出小美想要的结果呢?
请创建如下所示 seat 表:
示例:
id student
1 Abbot
2 Doris
3 Emerson
4 Green
5 Jeames
假如数据输入的是上表,则输出结果如下:
id student
1 Doris
2 Abbot
3 Green
4 Emerson
5 Jeames
注意:
如果学生人数是奇数,则不需要改变最后一个同学的座位。
创建表:
-- 创建表并插入数据:
create table seat(
id int,
student char(20));
insert into seat values (1,'Abbot');
insert into seat values(2,'Doris');
insert into seat values(3,'Emerson');
insert into seat values(4,'Green');
insert into seat values(5,'Jeames');
查询&运行结果:
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项目三: 分数排名
编写一个 SQL 查询来实现分数排名。如果两个分数相同,则两个分数排名(Rank)相同。请注意,平分后的下一个名次应该是下一个连续的整数值。换句话说,名次之间不应该有“间隔”。
创建以下 score 表:
Id Score
1 3.50
2 3.65
3 4.00
4 3.85
5 4.00
6 3.65
例如,根据上述给定的 scores 表,你的查询应该返回(按分数从高到低排列):
Score Rank
4.00 1
4.00 1
3.85 2
3.65 3
3.65 3
3.50 4
创建表:
CREATE TABLE scores (
Id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
Score float(5,2) NOT NULL
);
insert into scores(Id,Score) values(1,3.50);
insert into scores(Id,Score) values(2,3.65);
insert into scores(Id,Score) values(3,4.00);
insert into scores(Id,Score) values(4,3.85);
insert into scores(Id,Score) values(5,4.00);
insert into scores(Id,Score) values(6,3.65);
查询&运行结果:
SELECT
Score,
(SELECT
COUNT(DISTINCT Score)
FROM
scores
WHERE
Score >= s.Score) as ScoreRank
FROM
Scores s
ORDER BY Score DESC;
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项目四:行程和用户
Trips 表中存所有出租车的行程信息。每段行程有唯一键 Id,Client_Id 和 Driver_Id 是 Users 表中 Users_Id 的外键。Status 是枚举类型,枚举成员为 (‘completed’, ‘cancelled_by_driver’, ‘cancelled_by_client’)。
Id Client_Id Driver_Id City_Id Status Request_at
1 1 10 1 completed 2013-10-01
2 2 11 1 cancelled_by_driver 2013-10-01
3 3 12 6 completed 2013-10-01
4 4 13 6 cancelled_by_client 2013-10-01
5 1 10 1 completed 2013-10-02
6 2 11 6 completed 2013-10-02
7 3 12 6 completed 2013-10-02
8 2 12 12 completed 2013-10-03
9 3 10 12 completed 2013-10-03
10 4 13 12 cancelled_by_driver 2013-10-03
Users 表存所有用户。每个用户有唯一键 Users_Id。Banned 表示这个用户是否被禁止,Role 则是一个表示(‘client’, ‘driver’, ‘partner’)的枚举类型。
Users_Id Banned Role
1 No client
2 Yes client
3 No client
4 No client
10 No driver
11 No driver
12 No driver
13 No driver
写一段 SQL 语句查出 2013年10月1日 至 2013年10月3日 期间非禁止用户的取消率。基于上表,你的 SQL 语句应返回如下结果,取消率(Cancellation Rate)保留两位小数。
Day Cancellation Rate
2013-10-02 0.00
2013-10-03 0.50
创建表:
CREATE TABLE Users (
Users_Id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
Banned varchar(3) NOT NULL,
Role ENUM('client', 'driver','partner')
);
insert into Users(Users_Id,Banned,Role) values(1,'No','client');
insert into Users(Users_Id,Banned,Role) values(2,'Yes','client');
insert into Users(Users_Id,Banned,Role) values(3,'No','client');
insert into Users(Users_Id,Banned,Role) values(4,'No','client');
insert into Users(Users_Id,Banned,Role) values(10,'No','driver');
insert into Users(Users_Id,Banned,Role) values(11,'No','driver');
insert into Users(Users_Id,Banned,Role) values(12,'No','driver');
insert into Users(Users_Id,Banned,Role) values(13,'No','driver');
CREATE TABLE Trips (
Id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
Client_Id int NOT NULL,
Driver_Id int not null,
City_Id int not null,
Status ENUM('completed', 'cancelled_by_driver','cancelled_by_client'),
Request_at date,
foreign key(Client_Id) references Users(Users_Id),
foreign key(Driver_Id) references Users(Users_Id)
);
insert into Trips values(1,1,10,1,'completed','2013-10-01');
insert into Trips values(2,2,11,1,'cancelled_by_driver','2013-10-01');
insert into Trips values(3,3,12,6,'completed','2013-10-01');
insert into Trips values(4,4,13,6,'cancelled_by_client','2013-10-01');
insert into Trips values(5,1,10,1,'completed','2013-10-02');
insert into Trips values(6,2,11,6,'completed','2013-10-02');
insert into Trips values(7,3,12,6,'completed','2013-10-02');
insert into Trips values(8,2,12,12,'completed','2013-10-03');
insert into Trips values(9,3,10,12,'completed','2013-10-03');
insert into Trips values(10,4,13,12,'cancelled_by_driver','2013-10-03');
查询:
SELECT T2.DAY,IFNULL(ROUND((T1.num/T2.num),2),0) AS 'Cancellation Rate'
FROM
(SELECT Request_at as Day,count(*) as num
FROM Trips t
LEFT JOIN Users u
ON t.Client_Id = u.Users_Id
WHERE u.Banned != 'Yes'
AND t.status != 'completed'
AND Request_at >='2013-10-01' AND Request_at <= '2013-10-03'
GROUP BY Day) AS T1
RIGHT JOIN
(SELECT Request_at as Day,count(*) as num
FROM Trips t
LEFT JOIN Users u
ON t.Client_Id = u.Users_Id
WHERE u.Banned != 'Yes'
AND Request_at >='2013-10-01' AND Request_at <= '2013-10-03'
GROUP BY Day) AS T2
ON T1.DAY = T2.DAY;
项目五:各部门前3高工资的员工
将项目二中的 employee 表清空,重新插入以下数据(其实是多插入5,6两行):
Id Name Salary DepartmentId
1 Joe 70000 1
2 Henry 80000 2
3 Sam 60000 2
4 Max 90000 1
5 Janet 69000 1
6 Randy 85000 1
编写一个 SQL 查询,找出每个部门工资前三高的员工。例如,根据上述给定的表格,查询结果应返回:
| Department | Employee | Salary |
|------------|---- ------|--------|
| IT | Max | 90000 |
| IT | Randy | 85000 |
| IT | Joe | 70000 |
| Sales | Henry | 80000 |
| Sales | Sam | 60000 |
此外,请考虑实现各部门前N高工资的员工功能。
查询:
SELECT
d.name AS Department, e.Name AS Employee, Salary
FROM
Employee e
JOIN
Department d ON e.DepartmentId = d.Id
WHERE
(SELECT
COUNT(DISTINCT em.Salary)
FROM
Employee em
WHERE
em.Salary >= e.Salary
AND em.DepartmentId = e.DepartmentId) <= 3
GROUP BY Department , Salary DESC;
项目六:分数排名
依然是项目三的分数表,实现排名功能,但是排名是非连续的,如下:
Score Rank
4.00 1
4.00 1
3.85 3
3.65 4
3.65 4
3.50 6
查询:
SELECT
s.Score,
(SELECT
COUNT(*) + 1
FROM
Scores AS s1
WHERE
s1.Score > s.Score) AS Rank
FROM
scores s
ORDER BY Score DESC;