MySQL Cluster安装

MySQL Cluster的基本概念

NDB是一种“内存中”存储引擎，它具有可用性高和数据一致性好的特点。。
在很多情况下，术语“节点”用于指计算机，但在讨论MySQL Cluster时，它表示的是进程。在单台计算机上可以有任意数目的节点。

有三类Cluster节点，在最低的MySQL Cluster配置中，至少有三个节点，这三类节点分别是：

• 管理(MGM)节点
  这类节点的作用是管理MySQL Cluster内的其他节点，如提供配置数据、启动并停止节点、运行备份等。由于这类节点负责管理其他节点的配置，应在启动其他节点之前首先启动这类节点。MGM节点是用命令ndb_mgmd启动的。

• 数据节点
  这类节点用于保存Cluster的数据。数据节点的数目与副本的数目相关，是片段的倍数。例如，对于两个副本，每个副本有两个片段，那么就有4个数据节点。没有必要有一个以上的副本。数据节点是用命令ndbd启动的。

• SQL节点
  这是用来访问Cluster数据的节点。对于MySQL Cluster,客户端节点是使用NDB存储引擎的传统MySQL服务器。典型情况下，SQL节点是使用命令mysqld –ndbcluster启动的，或将ndbcluster添加到my.cnf后使用mysqld启动。

环境介绍

IP地址	节点类型	描述
192.168.1.250	Mgmt Node	Master管理节点
192.168.1.251	SQL Node	SQL节点
192.168.1.252	SQL Node	SQL节点
192.168.1.251	Data Node	数据节点
192.168.1.252	Data Node	数据节点

安装MySQL Cluster

[192.168.1.250：SQL节点操作]
创建用户
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql
shell> id mysql
uid=497(mysql) gid=500(mysql) 组=500(mysql)

shell> mkdir -p /opt/mysql
shell> mkdir -p /opt/mysql/etc

shell> tar zxvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.4.4.tar.gz 
shell> cd mysql-cluster-gpl-7.4.4
shell> cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql \
 -DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql/etc  \
 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql/data \
 -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci  \
 -DWITH_NDB_JAVA=OFF  \
 -DWITH_NDBCLUSTER_STORAGE_ENGINE=ON

shell> make && make install
shell> chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql/
shell> ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql/ --datadir=/opt/mysql/data/

修改root密码并配置环境变量

 查看ndb数据引擎
mysql> show engines;
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine             | Support | Comment                                                        | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| ndbcluster         | NO      | Clustered, fault-tolerant tables                               | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |
| CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MyISAM             | YES     | MyISAM storage engine                                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| InnoDB             | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys     | YES          | YES  | YES        |
| ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                 | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |
| ndbinfo            | YES     | MySQL Cluster system information storage engine                | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables      | NO           | NO   | NO         |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

关闭服务打包安装文件并解压安装到其他节点
其他节点依次执行
1. 创建用户
2. 创建目录
3. 设置环境变量

配置MySQL Cluster

配置Data Node和SQL Node
shell> vi /opt/mysql/ect/my.cnf
==================================================
[mysqld]
ndbcluster  #run NDB storage engine
[mysql_cluster]
ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.250 #location of management server
==================================================

配置管理节点
shell> vi /opt/mysql/ect/config.cnf
==================================================
[ndbd default]
# Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:
NoOfReplicas=1    # Number of replicas
DataMemory=80M    # memory to allocate for data storage
IndexMemory=18M   # memory to allocate for index storage

[tcp default]
# TCP/IP options:
portnumber=2202   

[ndb_mgmd]
# Management process options:
Nodeid=1
hostname=192.168.1.250      # Hostname or IP address of MGM node
datadir=/opt/mysql/log      # Directory for MGM node log files

[ndbd]
# Options for data node "A":
hostname=192.168.1.251           # Hostname or IP address
datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql_ndb     # Directory for this data node's data file

[ndbd]
# Options for data node "B":
hostname=192.168.1.252           # Hostname or IP address
datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql_ndb     # Directory for this data node's data files

[mysqld]
# SQL node options:
hostname=192.168.1.251         

[mysqld]
hostname=192.168.1.252
==================================================

启动MySQL Cluster

启动管理节点

shell> ndb_mgmd -f /opt/mysql/etc/config.cnf 
MySQL Cluster Management Server mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4


使用ndb_mgm工具（MySQL Cluster Server的客户端管理工具）管理ndb_mgmd

shell> ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]    2 node(s)
id=2 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.251)
id=3 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.252)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)]    1 node(s)
id=1    @192.168.1.250  (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)

[mysqld(API)]    2 node(s)
id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.251)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.252)

启动Data Node

在每个Data Node的主机，执行如下命令启动ndbd进程：

shell> ndbd
2015-03-03 22:40:28 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel connected to '192.168.1.250:1186'
2015-03-03 22:40:28 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel allocated nodeid: 2

shell> ndbd --initial 
2015-03-04 06:12:34 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel connected to '192.168.1.250:1186'
2015-03-04 06:12:34 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel allocated nodeid: 3

启动SQL Node

在每个SQL Node的主机，启动mysql数据库。

shell> /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/etc/my.cnf &

验证MySQL Cluster

ndb_mgm> show
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]    2 node(s)
id=2    @192.168.1.251  (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @192.168.1.252  (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4, Nodegroup: 1)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)]    1 node(s)
id=1    @192.168.1.250  (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)

[mysqld(API)]    2 node(s)
id=4    @192.168.1.251  (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)
id=5    @192.168.1.252  (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)

4号SQL Node节点执行如下操作：
shell> mysql -u root –p

mysql> show engines;
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine             | Support | Comment                                                        | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| ndbcluster         | YES     | Clustered, fault-tolerant tables                               | YES          | NO   | NO         |
| CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MyISAM             | YES     | MyISAM storage engine                                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| InnoDB             | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys     | YES          | YES  | YES        |
| ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                 | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |
| ndbinfo            | YES     | MySQL Cluster system information storage engine                | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables      | NO           | NO   | NO         |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database ndb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> use ndb;
Database changed
mysql>  create table t1 (id int not null primary key ,name varchar(100)) engine=ndb;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'svoid'),(2,'tom');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

5号SQL Node节点进行数据查询：
shell> mysql -u root -p

mysql> select * from ndb.t1;
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
|  1 | svoid |
|  2 | tom   |
+----+-------+
2 rows in set (0.04 sec)

测试正常，MySQL Cluster配置完成。

关闭

ndb_mgm> shutdown
Node 2: Cluster shutdown initiated
Node 3: Cluster shutdown initiated
Node 3: Node shutdown completed.
Node 2: Node shutdown completed.
3 NDB Cluster node(s) have shutdown.
Disconnecting to allow management server to shutdown.

关闭管理节点与数据节点。

整理自网络

Svoid
2015-03-04