之前做一个项目,主程序打包成一个jar文件,因为用到了很多第三方的lib包,所以直接通过java命令运行jar比较烦琐,通过研究jar中的MANIFEST.MF文件,我们发现其中一个Class-Path属性,但这个属性值比较奇怪,不支持正则。所以要配置使用到的第三方包,必须明确相对路径和包名。如果手写MANIFEST.MF,工作量会比较大。幸好ant可以帮我们自动生成Class-Path属性。具体的请看下面的ant的执行脚本
第一步,定义一些属性
1 <!-- name of the output .jar file -->
2
<
property
name
="jar.name"
value
="ourjarfile.jar"
/>
3 <!-- base directory for distribution target -->
4 < property name ="dist.home" value ="dist" />
5 <!-- base directory for compilation targets -->
6 < property name ="build.home" value ="target" />
7 <!-- The base directory for all libraries (jar) files -->
8 < property name ="lib.home" value ="lib" />
9
3 <!-- base directory for distribution target -->
4 < property name ="dist.home" value ="dist" />
5 <!-- base directory for compilation targets -->
6 < property name ="build.home" value ="target" />
7 <!-- The base directory for all libraries (jar) files -->
8 < property name ="lib.home" value ="lib" />
9
第二步,创建主程序的jar文件,这里会创建Class-Path的属性,并生成相应的MANIFEST.MF
1
<
target
name
="jar"
depends
="compile"
description
="Create jar and MANIFEST.MF"
>
2
3
4
5 <!-- create a property containing all .jar files, prefix lib/, and seperated with a space -->
6
7 < pathconvert property ="libs.project" pathsep =" " >
8
9 < mapper >
10
11 < chainedmapper >
12 <!-- remove absolute path -->
13 < flattenmapper />
14 <!-- add lib/ prefix -->
15 < globmapper from ="*" to ="lib/*" />
16 </ chainedmapper >
17 </ mapper >
18 < path >
19 <!-- lib.home contains all jar files, in several subdirectories -->
20 < fileset dir ="${lib.home}" >
21 < include name ="**/*.jar" />
22 </ fileset >
23 </ path >
24 </ pathconvert >
25 <!-- create the jar -->
26 < jar jarfile ="${build.home}/${jar.name}" basedir ="${build.home}/classes" >
27 <!-- define MANIFEST.MF -->
28 < manifest >
29 < attribute name ="Built-By" value ="${user.name}" />
30 < attribute name ="Main-Class" value ="my.path.to.the.main.Application" />
31 < section name ="common" >
32 < attribute name ="Specification-Title" value ="${component.name}" />
33 < attribute name ="Specification-Version" value ="${component.version}" />
34 < attribute name ="Specification-Vendor" value ="${component.vendor}" />
35 < attribute name ="Implementation-Title" value ="${component.name}" />
36 < attribute name ="Implementation-Version" value ="${component.version} ${TODAY}" />
37 < attribute name ="Implementation-Vendor" value ="${component.vendor}" />
38 </ section >
39 <!-- finally, use the magically generated libs path -->
40 < attribute name ="Class-Path" value ="${libs.project}" />
41 </ manifest >
42 </ jar >
43 </ target >
44
2
3
4
5 <!-- create a property containing all .jar files, prefix lib/, and seperated with a space -->
6
7 < pathconvert property ="libs.project" pathsep =" " >
8
9 < mapper >
10
11 < chainedmapper >
12 <!-- remove absolute path -->
13 < flattenmapper />
14 <!-- add lib/ prefix -->
15 < globmapper from ="*" to ="lib/*" />
16 </ chainedmapper >
17 </ mapper >
18 < path >
19 <!-- lib.home contains all jar files, in several subdirectories -->
20 < fileset dir ="${lib.home}" >
21 < include name ="**/*.jar" />
22 </ fileset >
23 </ path >
24 </ pathconvert >
25 <!-- create the jar -->
26 < jar jarfile ="${build.home}/${jar.name}" basedir ="${build.home}/classes" >
27 <!-- define MANIFEST.MF -->
28 < manifest >
29 < attribute name ="Built-By" value ="${user.name}" />
30 < attribute name ="Main-Class" value ="my.path.to.the.main.Application" />
31 < section name ="common" >
32 < attribute name ="Specification-Title" value ="${component.name}" />
33 < attribute name ="Specification-Version" value ="${component.version}" />
34 < attribute name ="Specification-Vendor" value ="${component.vendor}" />
35 < attribute name ="Implementation-Title" value ="${component.name}" />
36 < attribute name ="Implementation-Version" value ="${component.version} ${TODAY}" />
37 < attribute name ="Implementation-Vendor" value ="${component.vendor}" />
38 </ section >
39 <!-- finally, use the magically generated libs path -->
40 < attribute name ="Class-Path" value ="${libs.project}" />
41 </ manifest >
42 </ jar >
43 </ target >
44
第三步,执行主程序,在控制台中输入 java -jar 主程序.jar -Xms128M -Xmx256m.在这里我们就不用一一输入主程序引用的第三方包了,我们已经在主程序jar中的MANIFEST.MF文件中定义了Class-Path属性,这里列出了所有的第三方包.