python-笔记

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)
X = np.arange(-4, 4, 0.25)
Y = np.arange(-4, 4, 0.25)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
R = np.sqrt(X ** 2 + Y ** 2)
#print(R)
Z = np.sin(R)
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride = 1, cstride=1, cmap = plt.get_cmap('rainbow'))#测试cmap=plt.get_cmap('rainbow')
ax.contourf(X, Y, Z, zdir = 'z', offset = -2, cmap = plt.get_cmap('rainbow'))
ax.set_zlim(-2,2)
plt.show()

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

n = 12
X = np.arange(n)
Y1 = (1- X / float(n)) * np.random.uniform(0.5, 1.0, n)
Y2 = (1- X/ float(n)) * np.random.uniform(0.5, 1.0, n)
plt.axes([0.025, 0.025, 0.95, 0.95])
plt.bar(X, +Y1, facecolor = '#9999ff', edgecolor = 'white')
plt.bar(X, -Y2, facecolor = '#ff9999', edgecolor = 'white')
for x,y in zip(X,Y1):
    plt.text(x, y + 0.08, '%.2f' % y, ha = 'center', va = 'bottom')
for x,y in zip(X,Y2):
    plt.text(x, -y - 0.08, '%.2f' % y, ha = 'center', va= 'top')
plt.xlim(-.5, n), 
plt.ylim(-1.25, +1.25), 
plt.xticks([])
plt.yticks([])
plt.show()

#zip() 函数用于将可迭代的对象作为参数，将对象中对应的元素打包成一个个元组，然后返回由这些元组组成的列表。
#https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39131592/article/details/79056255

matplot_3d
matplot_bar
2019-03-03-
#-------------------------------------------------
2019-03-19

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

#基本配置
plt.figure(figsize = (10,10), dpi = 80)
plt.xlim(-4.0, 4.0) # 坐标上下限
plt.ylim(-1.0, 1.0)

plt.xticks([-np.pi, -np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, np.pi])
plt.xticks([-np.pi, -np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, np.pi], [r'$-\pi$', r'$-\pi/2$', r'$0$', r'$+\pi/2$', r'$+\pi$'])
plt.yticks([-1, 0, +1], [r'$-1$', r'$0$', r'$+1$'])
# 画曲线
X = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 256,endpoint = True)
Cos,Sin = np.cos(X), np.sin(X)
plt.plot(X, Cos, color = 'blue', linewidth = 1.0, linestyle = '-', label = 'cos') # label添加图例
plt.plot(X, Sin, color = 'green', linewidth = 1.0, linestyle = '-', label = 'sin')
plt.legend(loc='upper left') # 图例位置左上角
# 移动坐标
ax = plt.gca()
ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data',0))
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data',0))

#设置字体为SimHei显示中文
plt.rcParams[‘font.sans-serif’] = ‘SimHei’
#设置正常显示字符
plt.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus’] = False