28.类型提示的实现

static int ZEND_FASTCALL  ZEND_RECV_SPEC_HANDLER(ZEND_OPCODE_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
       ...//省略
        if (param == NULL) {
                char *space;
                char *class_name = get_active_class_name(&space TSRMLS_CC);
                zend_execute_data *ptr = EX(prev_execute_data);

                if (zend_verify_arg_type((zend_function *) EG(active_op_array), arg_num, NULL, opline->extended_value TSRMLS_CC)) {
                       ...//省略
                }
               ...//省略
        } else {
              ...//省略
                zend_verify_arg_type((zend_function *) EG(active_op_array), arg_num, *param, opline->extended_value TSRMLS_CC);
              ...//省略
        }
      ...//省略
}

如上所示：在ZEND_RECV_SPEC_HANDLER中最后调用的是zend_verify_arg_type。其代码如下：

static inline int zend_verify_arg_type(zend_function *zf, zend_uint arg_num, zval *arg, ulong fetch_type TSRMLS_DC)
{
   ...//省略

    if (cur_arg_info->class_name) {
        const char *class_name;

        if (!arg) {
            need_msg = zend_verify_arg_class_kind(cur_arg_info, fetch_type, &class_name, &ce TSRMLS_CC);
            return zend_verify_arg_error(zf, arg_num, cur_arg_info, need_msg, class_name, "none", "" TSRMLS_CC);
        }
        if (Z_TYPE_P(arg) == IS_OBJECT) { // 既然是类对象参数, 传递的参数需要是对象类型
            // 下面检查这个对象是否是参数提示类的实例对象, 这里是允许传递子类实例对象
            need_msg = zend_verify_arg_class_kind(cur_arg_info, fetch_type, &class_name, &ce TSRMLS_CC);
            if (!ce || !instanceof_function(Z_OBJCE_P(arg), ce TSRMLS_CC)) {
                return zend_verify_arg_error(zf, arg_num, cur_arg_info, need_msg, class_name, "instance of ", Z_OBJCE_P(arg)->name TSRMLS_CC);
            }
        } else if (Z_TYPE_P(arg) != IS_NULL || !cur_arg_info->allow_null) { // 参数为NULL, 也是可以通过检查的,
                                                                            // 如果函数定义了参数默认值, 不传递参数调用也是可以通过检查的
            need_msg = zend_verify_arg_class_kind(cur_arg_info, fetch_type, &class_name, &ce TSRMLS_CC);
            return zend_verify_arg_error(zf, arg_num, cur_arg_info, need_msg, class_name, zend_zval_type_name(arg), "" TSRMLS_CC);
        }
    } else if (cur_arg_info->array_type_hint) { //  数组
        if (!arg) {
            return zend_verify_arg_error(zf, arg_num, cur_arg_info, "be an array", "", "none", "" TSRMLS_CC);
        }
        if (Z_TYPE_P(arg) != IS_ARRAY && (Z_TYPE_P(arg) != IS_NULL || !cur_arg_info->allow_null)) {
            return zend_verify_arg_error(zf, arg_num, cur_arg_info, "be an array", "", zend_zval_type_name(arg), "" TSRMLS_CC);
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

zend_verify_arg_type的整个流程如图3.1所示：

如果类型提示报错，zend_verify_arg_type函数最后都会调用 zend_verify_arg_class_kind 生成报错信息， 并且调用 zend_verify_arg_error 报错。如下所示代码：

tatic inline char * zend_verify_arg_class_kind(const zend_arg_info *cur_arg_info, ulong fetch_type, const char **class_name, zend_class_entry **pce TSRMLS_DC)
{
    *pce = zend_fetch_class(cur_arg_info->class_name, cur_arg_info->class_name_len, (fetch_type | ZEND_FETCH_CLASS_AUTO | ZEND_FETCH_CLASS_NO_AUTOLOAD) TSRMLS_CC);

    *class_name = (*pce) ? (*pce)->name: cur_arg_info->class_name;
    if (*pce && (*pce)->ce_flags & ZEND_ACC_INTERFACE) {
        return "implement interface ";
    } else {
        return "be an instance of ";
    }
}


static inline int zend_verify_arg_error(const zend_function *zf, zend_uint arg_num, const zend_arg_info *cur_arg_info, const char *need_msg, const char *need_kind, const char *given_msg, char *given_kind TSRMLS_DC)
{
    zend_execute_data *ptr = EG(current_execute_data)->prev_execute_data;
    char *fname = zf->common.function_name;
    char *fsep;
    char *fclass;

    if (zf->common.scope) {
        fsep =  "::";
        fclass = zf->common.scope->name;
    } else {
        fsep =  "";
        fclass = "";
    }

    if (ptr && ptr->op_array) {
        zend_error(E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR, "Argument %d passed to %s%s%s() must %s%s, %s%s given, called in %s on line %d and defined", arg_num, fclass, fsep, fname, need_msg, need_kind, given_msg, given_kind, ptr->op_array->filename, ptr->opline->lineno);
    } else {
        zend_error(E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR, "Argument %d passed to %s%s%s() must %s%s, %s%s given", arg_num, fclass, fsep, fname, need_msg, need_kind, given_msg, given_kind);
    }
    return 0;
}

在上面的代码中，我们可以找到前面的报错信息中的一些关键字Argument、 passed to、called in等。 
这就是我们在调用函数或方法时类型提示显示错误信息的最终执行位置。

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http://www.php-internals.com/book/?p=chapt03/03-05-impl-of-type-hint