Python——时间模块

time模块

1.转换时间为元组

import time
s = '2019-7-14'
print(time.strptime(s,'%Y-%m-%d'))
s_time = '20:00:00'
print(time.strptime(s_time,'%H:%M:%S'))

2.把元组的时间转换为时间戳

import time
tuple_time = time.localtime()
print(tuple_time)
print(time.mktime(tuple_time))   #把元组的时间转换为时间戳，是Linux系统的时间

3.把元组时间转换为字符串时间

import time
tuple_time = time.localtime()
print(tuple_time)
print(time.strftime('%m-%d',tuple_time))  #把元组时间转换为字符串时间
print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',tuple_time))
print(time.strftime('%F',tuple_time))
print(time.strftime('%T',tuple_time))

4.把时间戳类型转换为字符串时间

import os
import time
pwd_time = os.path.getctime('/etc/passwd')  #把时间戳类型转换为字符串时间
print('pwd_time',pwd_time)
print(time.ctime(pwd_time))

5.将时间戳转换为元组

import os
import time
pwd_time = os.path.getctime('/etc/passwd')  #将时间戳转换为元组
print(time.localtime(pwd_time))

6.元组转换为时间戳

import time
tuple_time = time.localtime()
print(tuple_time)  #元组
print(time.mktime(tuple_time))   #元组转换为时间戳

datetime模块

1.相关模块导入

import os
from datetime import date
from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta

2.计算几天前的时间

在shell中：

date +%F
date +%F -d -2day
date +%F -d +2day

import os
from datetime import date
from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta
d = date.today()
delta = timedelta(days=9)
print(d + delta)
print(d - delta)

3.计算几个小时前或后的时间

import os
from datetime import date
from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta
now_time = datetime.now()
delta = timedelta(hours=3)
print(now_time)
print(now_time + delta)
print(now_time - delta)

4.显示此时距离某一文件上次修改的时长

import os
from datetime import date
from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta
now_time = datetime.now()
print(now_time)
pwd_time = os.path.getmtime('/etc/passwd')
print(pwd_time)
pwd_time_obj = datetime.fromtimestamp(pwd_time)
print(pwd_time_obj)
delta = now_time - pwd_time_obj
print(delta)

练习

需求：
1.获取当前主机信息（操作系统名、主机名、内核版本、硬件架构）
2.获取开机时间和开机时长
3.获取当前登录用户

代码如下：

import os
import psutil
from datetime import datetime

print('主机信息'.center(50,'*'))
info = os.uname()
# print(info)
print(
    """
    操作系统:%s
    主机名称:%s
    内核版本:%s
    硬件架构:%s
    """ %(info.sysname,info.nodename,info.release,info.machine)
)

print('开机信息'.center(50,'*'))
boot_time = psutil.boot_time()  #返回一个时间戳
boot_time_obj = datetime.fromtimestamp(boot_time)
# print(boot_time_obj)
#当前时间
now_time = datetime.now()

delta_time = datetime.now()
delta_time1 = now_time - boot_time_obj

print('开机时间:',boot_time_obj)

print('当前时间:',str(now_time).split('.')[0])
print('开机时长:',str(delta_time1).split('.')[0])

print('当前登录用户'.center(50,'*'))
login_user = psutil.users()[0]
print(login_user.name)