原创转载请注明出处:http://agilestyle.iteye.com/blog/2301301
先看一个简单的例子
package org.fool.test;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private long id;
private String username;
private String password;
public User() {
}
public User(long id, String username, String password) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password=" + password + "]";
}
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
这里先创建一个User对象,序列化UID为1L
package org.fool.test;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
public class SerializableTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("serial.txt"))));
oos.writeObject(new User(1L, "hello", "world"));
oos.close();
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("serial.txt"))));
User user = (User) ois.readObject();
System.out.println(user);
ois.close();
}
}
接着使用IO进行读写,查看输出
User [id=1, username=hello, password=world]
本地工程下面生成了serial.txt文件,然后将User对象的序列化UID改为2L
public class User implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 2L;
private long id;
private String username;
private String password;
......
同时注释掉原先的IO写操作,只进行读操作
public class SerializableTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("serial.txt"))));
//oos.writeObject(new User(1L, "hello", "world"));
//oos.close();
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("serial.txt"))));
User user = (User) ois.readObject();
System.out.println(user);
ois.close();
}
}
查看输出
Exception in thread "main" java.io.InvalidClassException: org.fool.test.User; local class incompatible: stream classdesc serialVersionUID = 1, local class serialVersionUID = 2 at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.initNonProxy(ObjectStreamClass.java:616) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readNonProxyDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1623) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readClassDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1518) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1774) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1351) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:371) at org.fool.test.SerializableTest.main(SerializableTest.java:18)
Java通过一个名为UID(stream unique identifier)来控制,这个UID是隐式的,它通过类名,方法名等诸多因素经过计算而得,理论上是一一映射的关系,也就是唯一的。如果UID不一样的话,就无法实现反序列化了,并且将会得到InvalidClassException。这就是通常项目中版本升级会遇到的问题,很有可能缓存或者数据库的数据是以1L的版本写入,之后由于项目版本升级,UID变为了2L,在2L的基础上进行读操作,就会抛出这个异常,也就是序列化兼容性问题,解决的办法就是将UID版本统一,并且将原先缓存或数据库的数据清空,同时以当前最新的UID版本重新写入。