原创转载请注明出处:http://agilestyle.iteye.com/blog/2343979
CyclicBarrier
CyclicBarrier允许一组线程互相等待,直到到达某个公共屏障点(common barrier point),这些线程必须实时地互相等待,这种情况下就可以使用CyclicBarrier来方便地实现这样的功能。另外,CyclicBarrier的公共屏障点可以重用。
CyclicBarrierTest1.java
package org.fool.java.concurrent.cyclicbarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
public class CyclicBarrierTest1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(5, () -> System.out.println("All invoked!!!"));
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new MyThread(cyclicBarrier));
thread.start();
}
}
public static class MyThread implements Runnable {
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
public MyThread(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) {
this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 10000));
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " invoked..." + System.currentTimeMillis());
cyclicBarrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
Note:
CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(5, () -> System.out.println("All invoked!!!"));
设置最大为5个parties同行者,也就是5个线程都执行了await()方法后程序才可以继续向下运行,否则这些线程彼此互相等待,一直呈阻塞状态。
线程个数大于parties数量进行分批处理
CyclicBarrierTest2.java
package org.fool.java.concurrent.cyclicbarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
public class CyclicBarrierTest2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(2, () -> System.out.println("All invoked!!!"));
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new MyThread(cyclicBarrier));
thread.start();
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static class MyThread implements Runnable {
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
public MyThread(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) {
this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " begin=" + System.currentTimeMillis() + " wait 2 threads to continue");
cyclicBarrier.await();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " end=" + System.currentTimeMillis() + " have 2 threads to continue");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
Run
Note:
从运行结果来看,每出现2个线程就开始RUN
getNumberWaiting()
getNumberWaiting()作用是获得有几个线程已经到达屏障点。
CyclicBarrierTest3.java
package org.fool.java.concurrent.cyclicbarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
public class CyclicBarrierTest3 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(3);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new MyThread(cyclicBarrier));
thread.start();
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(cyclicBarrier.getNumberWaiting());
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static class MyThread implements Runnable {
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
public MyThread(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) {
this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
cyclicBarrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
Run
Note:
从运行结果来看,CyclicBarrier具有屏障重置性,也就是parties的值可以重置为0
使用CyclicBarrier屏障重置性实现多阶段的比赛实验
CyclicBarrierTest4.java
package org.fool.java.concurrent.cyclicbarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
public class CyclicBarrierTest4 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(2);
Service service = new Service(cyclicBarrier);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new MyThread(service));
thread.setName("Thread " + (i + 1));
thread.start();
}
}
public static class Service {
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
public Service(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) {
this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
}
public void beginRun() {
try {
Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 10000));
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " "
+ System.currentTimeMillis() + " begin No.1 phase "
+ (cyclicBarrier.getNumberWaiting() + 1));
cyclicBarrier.await();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " "
+ System.currentTimeMillis() + " end No.1 phase "
+ (cyclicBarrier.getNumberWaiting()));
Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 10000));
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " "
+ System.currentTimeMillis() + " begin No.2 phase "
+ (cyclicBarrier.getNumberWaiting() + 1));
cyclicBarrier.await();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " "
+ System.currentTimeMillis() + " end No.2 phase "
+ (cyclicBarrier.getNumberWaiting()));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static class MyThread implements Runnable {
private Service service;
public MyThread(Service service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.beginRun();
}
}
}
Run
Note:
CyclicBarrier类的parties值从1到2,然后再恢复到0,证明CyclicBarrier类的屏障点是可以复用的,另外线程1234每到达一个屏障点时的组合是随机的,sleep勇士最少的互相组合,继续向下一个屏障行进。
isBroken()
isBroken()作用是查询屏障是否处于损坏状态
CyclicBarrierTest5.java
package org.fool.java.concurrent.cyclicbarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
public class CyclicBarrierTest5 {
public static class MyService {
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
public MyService(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) {
this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
}
public void testMethod() {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " invoked..., wait for others...");
if (Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("Thread-2")) {
System.out.println("Thread-2 ran into an accident!!!");
Thread.sleep(3000);
Integer.parseInt("a");
//Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
cyclicBarrier.await();
System.out.println("All invoked..., begin to execute...");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " done...");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " In InterruptedException e " + cyclicBarrier.isBroken());
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " In BrokenBarrierException e " + cyclicBarrier.isBroken());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static class MyThread implements Runnable {
private MyService service;
public MyThread(MyService service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.testMethod();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(4, () -> System.out.println("All invoked..."));
MyService service = new MyService(cyclicBarrier);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
new Thread(new MyThread(service)).start();
}
}
}
Run
Note:
有一个程序出现异常报错,则其他线程继续等待,并不影响程序运行的主流程。
更改MyService.java的testMethod,注释掉Integer.parseInt("a"),添加interrupt()
if (Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("Thread-2")) {
System.out.println("Thread-2 ran into an accident!!!");
Thread.sleep(3000);
//Integer.parseInt("a");
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
Run
Note:
所有线程都进入了catch块,其中Thread-2进入了InterruptedException块,其他3个线程进入了BrokenBarrierException块。CyclicBarrier处理线程的interrupt会使用全有或全无的破坏模型,意思是如果有一个线程由于中断或者超时提前离开了屏障点,其他所有在屏障点等待的线程也会抛出BrokenBarrierException或InterruptedException异常,并且离开屏障点。
await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)作用是如果在指定的时间内达到parties数量,则程序继续向下运行,否则如果出现超时,则抛出TimeoutException异常。
CyclicBarrierTest6.java
package org.fool.java.concurrent.cyclicbarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CyclicBarrierTest6 {
public static class MyService {
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(3, () -> System.out.println("All done! " + System.currentTimeMillis()));
public void testMethod() {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " prepare... " + System.currentTimeMillis());
if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("Thread-0")) {
System.out.println("Thread-0 invoked cyclicBarrier.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);");
cyclicBarrier.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("Thread-1")) {
System.out.println("Thread-1 invoked cyclicBarrier.await();");
cyclicBarrier.await();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " start... " + System.currentTimeMillis());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TimeoutException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static class MyThreadA implements Runnable {
private MyService service;
public MyThreadA(MyService service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.testMethod();
}
}
public static class MyThreadB implements Runnable {
private MyService service;
public MyThreadB(MyService service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.testMethod();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyService service = new MyService();
Thread a = new Thread(new MyThreadA(service));
a.start();
Thread b = new Thread(new MyThreadB(service));
b.start();
}
}
Run
getNumberWaiting()和getParties()
getNumberWaiting()的作用是获取有几个线程已经到屏障点
getParties()的作用是获取parties的个数
CyclicBarrierTest7.java
package org.fool.java.concurrent.cyclicbarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CyclicBarrierTest7 {
public static class MyService {
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(3, () -> System.out.println("All done! " + System.currentTimeMillis()));
public void testMethod() {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " prepare... " + System.currentTimeMillis());
if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("C")) {
Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}
cyclicBarrier.await();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " start... " + System.currentTimeMillis());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static class MyThreadA implements Runnable {
private MyService service;
public MyThreadA(MyService service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.testMethod();
}
}
public static class MyThreadB implements Runnable {
private MyService service;
public MyThreadB(MyService service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.testMethod();
}
}
public static class MyThreadC implements Runnable {
private MyService service;
public MyThreadC(MyService service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.testMethod();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
MyService service = new MyService();
Thread a = new Thread(new MyThreadA(service));
a.setName("A");
a.start();
Thread b = new Thread(new MyThreadB(service));
b.setName("B");
b.start();
Thread c = new Thread(new MyThreadC(service));
c.setName("C");
c.start();
Thread.sleep(3000);
System.out.println(service.cyclicBarrier.getParties());
System.out.println(service.cyclicBarrier.getNumberWaiting());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Run
reset()
reset()的作用是重置屏障
CyclicBarrierTest8.java
package org.fool.java.concurrent.cyclicbarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
public class CyclicBarrierTest8 {
public static class MyService {
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(3, () -> System.out.println("All done! " + System.currentTimeMillis()));
public void testMethod() {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " prepare... " + System.currentTimeMillis());
cyclicBarrier.await();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " start... " + System.currentTimeMillis());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static class MyThreadA implements Runnable {
private MyService service;
public MyThreadA(MyService service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.testMethod();
}
}
public static class MyThreadB implements Runnable {
private MyService service;
public MyThreadB(MyService service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.testMethod();
}
}
public static class MyThreadC implements Runnable {
private MyService service;
public MyThreadC(MyService service) {
this.service = service;
}
@Override
public void run() {
service.testMethod();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
MyService service = new MyService();
Thread a = new Thread(new MyThreadA(service));
a.setName("A");
a.start();
Thread b = new Thread(new MyThreadB(service));
b.setName("B");
b.start();
// thread c uninitialized
Thread.sleep(3000);
service.cyclicBarrier.reset();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Run
Note:
屏障被重置后,2个线程出现BrokenBarrierException
Reference
Java并发编程核心方法与框架