Maven入门之依赖-第三节 .

Maven主要有三块内容：依赖、仓库、生命周期和插件。

今天我们主要讲依赖。

这里的内容可能跟第二节会有冲突，不过也是为了更好的总结，系统性强一些，因此就不做区分了。

1.依赖包的查询：

1.所有依赖都是通过坐标来进行存储的（GAV：groupId,artifactId,version）
2.提供GAV的查询:http://mvnrepository.com
3.通过<dependencies>设置依赖

2.依赖的传递性

<scope>来定义传递的范围
1.默认scope:compile
B依赖A，C如果依赖B的话，那么A所依赖的包将全部传递给C。在编译和打包时有效，在编译和打包时都将其存储进去
2.scope:test
基于测试，测试范围有效，在编译和打包时不会使用这个依赖，不传递。打成war时不将其打入包中；
3.scope:provided
编译和测试的过程有效，打成war包时不会加入。为了避免冲突，例如servlet-api,tomcat已经存在，如果在打包的会冲突
4.scope:runtime
编译时无效，运行时依赖

3.依赖冲突

第一种：
a依赖b1.0,c依赖b2.0,d依赖a和c,那么pom中，哪一个先写的就是d依赖的版本，即b2.0

第二种：
a依赖b1.0,c依赖b2.0,d依赖a和c，然后e依赖d和c，因此当路径长短不一致的情况下，选择路径短的，即b2.0

因此如果你不要默认遵守上诉的规则，可使用排斥标签exclusions
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>

4.聚合和继承

父亲：pox.xml设置：

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1. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
2.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
3.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
4.   
5.     <groupId>com.techbirds.user</groupId>  
6.     <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>  
7.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
8.     <packaging>pom</packaging>  
9.   
10.     <modules>  
11.         <module>../user-core</module>  
12.         <module>../user-dao</module>  
13.         <module>../user-log</module>  
14.     </modules>  
15.   
16.     <dependencyManagement>  
17.         <dependencies>  
18.             <dependency>  
19.                 <groupId>junit</groupId>  
20.                 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
21.                 <version>4.10</version>  
22.                 <scope>test</scope>  
23.             </dependency>  
24.             <dependency>  
25.                 <groupId>org.apache.ibatis</groupId>  
26.                 <artifactId>ibatis-sqlmap</artifactId>  
27.                 <version>2.3.4.726</version>  
28.             </dependency>  
29.             <dependency>  
30.                 <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
31.                 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
32.                 <version>5.1.1</version>  
33.             </dependency>  
34.   
35.             <dependency>  
36.                 <groupId>log4j</groupId>  
37.                 <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>  
38.                 <version>1.2.17</version>  
39.             </dependency>  
40.             <dependency>  
41.                 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>  
42.                 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>  
43.                 <version>1.1.3</version>  
44.             </dependency>  
45.         </dependencies>  
46.   
47.     </dependencyManagement>  
48.   
49. </project>  

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.techbirds.user</groupId>
	<artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>pom</packaging>

	<modules>
		<module>../user-core</module>
		<module>../user-dao</module>
		<module>../user-log</module>
	</modules>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>junit</groupId>
				<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
				<version>4.10</version>
				<scope>test</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.apache.ibatis</groupId>
				<artifactId>ibatis-sqlmap</artifactId>
				<version>2.3.4.726</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>mysql</groupId>
				<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
				<version>5.1.1</version>
			</dependency>

			<dependency>
				<groupId>log4j</groupId>
				<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
				<version>1.2.17</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
				<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
				<version>1.1.3</version>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>

	</dependencyManagement>

</project>

儿子：pom.xml配置：

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1. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
2.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
3.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
4.   
5.     <parent>  
6.         <groupId>com.techbirds.user</groupId>  
7.         <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>  
8.         <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
9.         <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>  
10.     </parent>  
11.     <artifactId>user-dao</artifactId>  
12.     <packaging>jar</packaging>  
13.   
14.     <name>user-dao</name>  
15.     <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  
16.   
17.     <properties>  
18.         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  
19.     </properties>  
20.   
21.     <dependencies>  
22.         <dependency>  
23.             <groupId>junit</groupId>  
24.             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
25.         </dependency>  
26.   
27.         <dependency>  
28.             <groupId>com.techbirds.user</groupId>  
29.             <artifactId>user-core</artifactId>  
30.             <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
31.             <scope>compile</scope>  
32.         </dependency>  
33.   
34.         <dependency>  
35.             <groupId>com.techbirds.user</groupId>  
36.             <artifactId>user-log</artifactId>  
37.             <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
38.             <scope>compile</scope>  
39.         </dependency>  
40.     </dependencies>  
41. </project>  

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.techbirds.user</groupId>
		<artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		<relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>
	</parent>
	<artifactId>user-dao</artifactId>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>user-dao</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.techbirds.user</groupId>
			<artifactId>user-core</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
			<scope>compile</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.techbirds.user</groupId>
			<artifactId>user-log</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
			<scope>compile</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>