Sql 里面 ROW_NUMBER 应用场景

ROW_NUMBER 返回按一定规则排序的当前记录对应的行号 

 

比如我们有这样一个应用场景： 

现在有个比赛，需要从网上参赛者从从网络上报名，然后去最早报名的5个人参加比赛，为此我们实现如下：

1.为此我们要建立一张表来保存报名参赛者的姓名及起报名时间  

CREATE 
 TABLE [dbo].[UserEnroll](
[UserName] [nvarchar] (50) NULL, --参赛者的姓名
[EnrollTime] [datetime] NULL --报名时间 
) 
 ON  [PRIMARY]

 

2.我们Sql 向表中插入数据，模拟参赛者报名  

insert into [dbo].[UserEnroll] values('CC', GETDATE()) 
insert into [dbo].[UserEnroll] values('CC1', DateAdd(DAY,-1,GETDATE()))
insert into [dbo].[UserEnroll] values('CC2', DateAdd(DAY,-2,GETDATE()))
insert into [dbo].[UserEnroll] values('CC3', DateAdd(DAY,-3,GETDATE()))
insert into [dbo].[UserEnroll] values('CC4', DateAdd(DAY,-4,GETDATE ()))
insert into [dbo].[UserEnroll] values('CC5', DateAdd(DAY,-5,GETDATE()))
insert into [dbo].[UserEnroll] values('CC6', DateAdd(DAY,-6,GETDATE()))
insert into [dbo].[UserEnroll] values('CC7', DateAdd(DAY,-7,GETDATE()))
 3.删除非最早5个报名的人
  a.  给表加上行号
SELECT  
 *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY EnrollTime) AS RowNum 
FROM [dbo].[UserEnroll]


  结果如下：
   UserName EnrollTime RowNum

CC7 2010-05-11 17:38:42.403 1

CC6 2010-05-12 17:38:42.403 2

CC5 2010-05-13 17:38:42.403 3

CC4 2010-05-14 17:38:42.403 4

CC3 2010-05-15 17:38:42.403 5

CC2 2010-05-16 17:38:42.403 6

CC1 2010-05-17 17:38:42.403 7

CC 2010-05-18 17:38:42.403 8
 
 b. 那么我们删除RowNum 大于5的记录 
WITH UserEnrollWithRowNumber AS (
SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY EnrollTime) AS
RowNum FROM [dbo].[UserEnroll])
DELETE FROM  UserEnrollWithRowNumber
WHERE RowNum >  5
结果为 effect 3 rows
 
 c. 再用a步中的语句查询报名表结果为
UserName EnrollTime RowNum

CC7 2010-05-11 17:38:42.403 1

CC6 2010-05-12 17:38:42.403 2

CC5 2010-05-13 17:38:42.403 3

CC4 2010-05-14 17:38:42.403 4

CC3 2010-05-15 17:38:42.403 5