备注:在ubuntu20.10中,没有rc.local.service,只有rc-local.service
1.执行 ls /lib/systemd/system 你可以看到有很多启动脚本,其中就有我们需要的 rc-local.service
2.打开脚本内容
# This file is part of systemd.
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# This unit gets pulled automatically into multi-user.target by
# systemd-rc-local-generator if /etc/rc.local is executable.
[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.local
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
RemainAfterExit=yes
一般正常的启动文件主要分成三部分
[Unit] 段: 启动顺序与依赖关系
[Service] 段: 启动行为,如何启动,启动类型
[Install] 段: 定义如何安装这个配置文件,即怎样做到开机启动
可以看出,/etc/rc.local 的启动顺序是在网络后面,但是显然它少了 Install 段,也就没有定义如何做到开机启动,所以显然这样配置是无效的。 因此我们就需要在后面帮他加上 [Install] 段:
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=rc-local.service
这里需要注意一下,ubuntu-18.04以后 默认是没有 /etc/rc.local 这个文件的,需要自己创建
sudo touch /etc/rc.local
然后把你需要启动脚本写入 /etc/rc.local ,我们不妨写一些测试的脚本放在里面,以便验证脚本是否生效.
#!/bin/sh
echo "看到这行字,说明添加自启动脚本成功。" > /usr/local/test.log
exit 0
注意:#!/bin/sh 这一行一定要加 一定要加 一定要加 !!!!!!!!!
如果不加会报错,类似下面这种
~$ sudo systemctl status rc-local.service
● rc-local.service - /etc/rc.local Compatibility
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service; enabled; vendor preset:
Drop-In: /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service.d
└─debian.conf
Active: inactive (dead)
Condition: start condition failed at Wed 2019-08-14 12:21:45 CST; 5min ago
└─ ConditionPathExists=/etc/rc.local #脚本文件位置 was not met
给rc.local加上权限
sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local
做完这一步,还需要最后一步 前面我们说 systemd 默认读取 /etc/systemd/system 下的配置文件, 所以还需要在 /etc/systemd/system 目录下创建软链接
ln -s /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service /etc/systemd/system/
cd /home/json/nat123 --本地实际安装目录
mono nat123linux.sh service & --自动读取上次成功登录帐号并以后台服务启动
开机自动登录启动(ubuntu参考):
(1)本地必须先手动输入帐号密码成功登录一次;
(2)执行“chmod +x /etc/rc.local”命令确保有权限;
(3)把启动程序的命令添加到/etc/rc.local文件中,此文件内容如下,
#!/bin/sh -e
# rc.local
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
# By default this script does nothing.
cd /home/json/nat123 --本地实际安装目录
mono nat123linux.sh service & ---自动读取上次成功登录帐号并以后台服务启动
exit 0