1. 灰度发布
灰度发布是指在系统迭代新功能时的一种平滑过渡的上线发布方式。灰度发布是在原有的系统基础上,额外增加一个新版本,在这个新版本中,有需要验证的功能修改或添加,使用负载均衡器,引入一小部分流量到新版本应用中,如果这个新版本没有出现差错,再平滑地把线上系统或服务一步步替换成新版本,直至全部替换上线结束。
2. 灰度发布实现方式
灰度发布可以使用元数据来实现,元数据有两种
- 标准元数据:标准元数据是服务的各种注册信息,如:ip、端口、健康信息、续约信息等,存储于专门为服务开辟的注册表中,用于其他组件取用以实现整个微服务生态
- 自定义元数据:自定义元数据是使用
eureka.instance.metadata-map.{key}={value}
配置,其内部实际上是维护了一个 map 来保存子弹元数据信息,可配置再远端服务,随服务一并注册保存在 Eureka 注册表,对微服务生态没有影响。
3. 灰度发布实战
源码:https://gitee.com/laiyy0728/spring-cloud/tree/master/spring-cloud-zuul/spring-cloud-zuul-metadata
3.1 provider
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true
instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${server.port}
spring:
application:
name: spring-cloud-metadata-provider-service
---
server:
port: 7070
spring:
profiles: node1 # 设定 profile,可以使用 mvn spring-boor:run -Dspring.profiles.active=node1 启动,或者在启动类使用 SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudMetadataProviderServiceApplication.class, "--spring.profiles.active=node1"); 启动
eureka:
instance:
metadata-map:
host-mark: running # 设定当前节点的 metadata,zuul server 使用这个标注来进行路由转发
---
spring:
profiles: node2
server:
port: 7071
eureka:
instance:
metadata-map:
host-mark: running
---
spring:
profiles: node3
server:
port: 7072
eureka:
instance:
metadata-map:
host-mark: gray # 当前节点是灰度节点
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@RestController
public class SpringCloudMetadataProviderServiceApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudMetadataProviderServiceApplication.class, args);
// SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudMetadataProviderServiceApplication.class, "--Dspring.profiles.active=node1"); // 非 maven 启动
}
@Value("${server.port}")
private int port;
@GetMapping(value = "/get-result")
public String getResult(){
return "metadata provider service result, port: " + port;
}
}
3.2 Zuul Server
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 实现通过 metadata 进行灰度路由 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jmnarloch</groupId>
<artifactId>ribbon-discovery-filter-spring-cloud-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
spring:
application:
name: spring-cloud-metadata-zuul-server
server:
port: 5555
eureka:
instance:
instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${server.port}
prefer-ip-address: true
client:
service-url:
defautlZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
zuul:
routes:
spring-cloud-metadata-provider-service:
path: /provider/**
serviceId: spring-cloud-metadata-provider-service
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
endpoint:
health:
show-details: always
// 实现灰度的 Filter
public class GrayFilter extends ZuulFilter {
@Override
public String filterType() {
return FilterConstants.PRE_TYPE;
}
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return FilterConstants.PRE_DECORATION_FILTER_ORDER - 1;
}
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
return !context.containsKey(FilterConstants.FORWARD_TO_KEY) && !context.containsKey(FilterConstants.SERVICE_ID_KEY);
}
@Override
public Object run() throws ZuulException {
HttpServletRequest request = RequestContext.getCurrentContext().getRequest();
String grayMark = request.getHeader("gray_mark");
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(grayMark) && StringUtils.equals("enable", grayMark)) {
RibbonFilterContextHolder.getCurrentContext().add("host-mark", "gray");
} else {
RibbonFilterContextHolder.getCurrentContext().add("host-mark", "running");
}
return null;
}
}
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableZuulProxy
public class SpringCloudMetadataZuulServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudMetadataZuulServerApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
public GrayFilter grayFilter(){
return new GrayFilter();
}
}
3.3 验证
正常访问: http://localhost:5555/provider/get-result ,查看返回值, port 在 7070 和 7071 之间轮询。
启用 gray_mark header,再次访问,发现 port 始终都是 7072,由此验证灰度成功。