gradle--使用/教程/安装

IT利刃出鞘

已于 2023-05-07 09:45:44 修改

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分类专栏：构建工具（后端）文章标签： scala maven java

于 2020-06-23 15:31:41 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/feiying0canglang/article/details/106924300

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原文网址：gradle--使用/教程/安装_IT利刃出鞘的博客-CSDN博客

简介

说明

本文介绍gradle的用法。

官网

Gradle Build Tool

Gradle 教程_w3cschool（不带子目录）

Gradle User Guide 中文版（带子目录）（英文版：Gradle User Manual）

Gradle DSL Version 6.5（Gradle英文文档）

Gradle简介

Gradle是一个基于Apache Ant和Apache Maven概念的项目自动化构建开源工具。它使用一种基于Groovy的特定领域语言(DSL)来声明项目设置，抛弃了基于XML的各种繁琐配置。面向Java应用为主。当前其支持的语言限于Java、Groovy、Kotlin和Scala。

到此不得不说另一个很火的工具maven，众所周知，maven的两大作用：①：管理jar包 ②：构建项目

maven的缺点：XML配置文件的繁琐，特别是项目较大时，pom.xml配置眼花缭乱。

Gradle在maven的基础上，简化了配置文件，自动搜索Gradle等，使得我们创建管理项目更加简单。

下载与安装

1.下载

Gradle Distributions

查看发布版的网址：https://services.gradle.org/versions/current

2.安装

直接将下载好的安装包解压到某个文件夹下即可。

新建系统变量：变量名：GRADLE_HOME 变量值：Gradle文件解压路径
系统变量 path加入：%GRADLE_HOME%\bin;

3.验证

cmd输入：gradle -v

gradle生命周期

1. 初始化：根据 build.gradle生成project
2. 配置：生成task的依赖顺序和执行顺序注意划分配置代码和执行代码
3. 执行：执行task的动作代码

语法

下边这两种写法是一样的

maven { url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/" }
maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central" }

maven { 
    url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/"
    url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central"
}

工程示例

root

settings.gradle

rootProject.name = 'helloworld-base'

build.gradle

buildscript {
    ext {
        springBootVersion = '2.1.1.RELEASE'
        lombokVersion = '1.18.6'
    }
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
        maven { url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/releases" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/snapshots" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/grails-core" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/mapr-public" }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots" }

        maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/milestone" }

        maven {
            url 'https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone'
        }
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
        classpath("com.google.code.findbugs:findbugs:3.0.1")
        classpath("net.sourceforge.pmd:pmd:6.17.0")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'

group = 'helloworld'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    //mavenCentral()
    maven {
        url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/"
    }
    maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/milestone" }

    maven {
        url 'https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone'
    }
    maven { url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/releases" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/snapshots" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/grails-core" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/mapr-public" }
    maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots" }
}

ext['springCloudVersion'] = 'Greenwich.RC2'

dependencies {
    //Spring Boot
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter')
    //Spring MVC
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-aop')
    compile('org.apache.poi:poi:4.1.0')
    compile('org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml:4.1.0')
    compile('org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml-schemas:4.1.0')
    //Spring Boot MyBatis Plus
    compile('com.baomidou:mybatis-plus-boot-starter:3.0.7')
    compile('com.alibaba:druid:1.1.14')
    compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client')
    compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-openfeign')
    compile('com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.0')
    compile('com.alibaba:fastjson:1.2.32')
    //http
    compile('commons-io:commons-io:2.6')
    compile('org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.9')
    compile('org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.3')
    compile('org.apache.httpcomponents:httpmime:4.5.5')
    compile('io.springfox:springfox-swagger2:2.9.2')
    compile('io.springfox:springfox-swagger-ui:2.9.2')
    compile('commons-codec:commons-codec:1.10')
    //compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-websocket')
    //MySql
    compile('mysql:mysql-connector-java')
    compile('io.github.openfeign:feign-okhttp')
    //Okhttp
    compile('com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.12.0')
    compile('eu.bitwalker:UserAgentUtils:1.20')
    compile('io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.1.4')
    compile('org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.8.1')
    compile('commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils:1.9.3')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-configuration-processor')
    //用logstash收集logback
    compile('net.logstash.logback:logstash-logback-encoder:5.2')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
    //高性能反射工具
    compile('com.esotericsoftware:reflectasm:1.11.9')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-redis')
    implementation('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-sleuth')
    implementation('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-zipkin')
    compile('dom4j:dom4j:1.6.1')
    compile('jaxen:jaxen:1.1.6')
    compile('io.github.openfeign.form:feign-form:3.2.2')
    compile('io.github.openfeign.form:feign-form-spring:3.2.2')
    compile('org.apache.commons:commons-pool2:2.7.0')
    compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-config-client')
    compile('com.googlecode.aviator:aviator:4.2.7')
    compile fileTree(dir: 'lib', includes: ['*.jar'])
    annotationProcessor "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-configuration-processor"
    compile("org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.10")
}

dependencyManagement {
    imports {
        mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springCloudVersion}"
    }
}
bootRun {
    sourceResources sourceSets.main
}


apply plugin: "pmd"

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}
pmd {
    ignoreFailures = true
    pmdTest.enabled = false
}
tasks.withType(Pmd) {
    reports {
        xml.enabled = true
        html.enabled = false
    }
}

子模块

settings.gradle

rootProject.name = 'helloworld-module1'
include ":helloworld-base"
project(':helloworld-base').projectDir = new File(settingsDir, '../helloworld-base')

build.gradle

buildscript {
	ext {
		springBootVersion = '2.1.1.RELEASE'
	}
	repositories {
		mavenCentral()
	}
	dependencies {
		classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
		classpath("com.google.code.findbugs:findbugs:3.0.0")
		classpath("net.sourceforge.pmd:pmd:6.17.0")
	}
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'

group = 'helloworld'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

sourceSets {
    main {
        java {
            srcDirs = ['src/main/java','../helloworld-base/src/main/java']
        }
        
        /*resources {
            srcDir 'src/resources' //资源目录
        }*/
    }
}

repositories {
	mavenCentral()
	maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/milestone" }
}

ext['springCloudVersion'] = 'Greenwich.RC2'

dependencies {

    testCompile 'org.jmockit:jmockit:1.21'    
    implementation('com.github.jsqlparser:jsqlparser:1.2')
    compile('com.jamesmurty.utils:java-xmlbuilder:1.1')
    implementation project(':helloworld-base')
    implementation fileTree(dir:'lib',includes:['*.jar'])
	testImplementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

dependencyManagement {
	imports {
		mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springCloudVersion}"
	}
}

bootJar {
	mainClassName = 'helloworld.module1.HelloWorldModule1Application'
}


apply plugin: "findbugs"

repositories {
  mavenCentral()
}

findbugs{
    ignoreFailures=true
    findbugsTest.enabled=false

}
tasks.withType(FindBugs) {
    reports {
        xml.enabled = true
        html.enabled = false
    }
}


apply plugin: "pmd"

repositories {
  mavenCentral()
}
pmd {
   ignoreFailures = true
    pmdTest.enabled=false
}
tasks.withType(Pmd){
    reports{
        xml.enabled=true
        html.enabled=false
    }
}