JAVA菜鸟入门(10) 类初始化，字符串比较equals() v.s. ==， Casting, ArrayList注意

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/feliciafay/article/details/45280415

一. 类的初始化

第一种

更推荐, 可以简化或者省略构造函数，代码简洁

第二种

public class WeatherForecast{
private String skies = "";
private int high = 0;
private int low = 0;

public void setSkies(String a) {
skies = a;
}

public void setLow(int a) {
low = a;
}

public void setHigh(int a) {
high = a;
}

public String getSkies() {
return skies;
}

public int getHigh() {
return high;
}

public int getLow() {
return low;
}
}

public class WeatherForecast{

public WeatherForecast(){
skies = "";
high = 0;
low = 0;
}

public void setSkies(String a) {
skies = a;
}

public void setLow(int a) {
low = a;
}

public void setHigh(int a) {
high = a;
}

public String getSkies() {
return skies;
}

public int getHigh() {
return high;
}

public int getLow() {
return low;
}
}

在类中的调用父类进行初始化

public MP3Phone(String a, int b, boolean c) {
    super(a, true);
    memorySize = b;
    playsAAC = c;
}

二. 数组的初始化
1 字符串数组

String [] week = { "mon", "tue", "wed", "thu", "fri", "sat", "sun"};

三. 字符串的比较

== tests for reference equality. while.equals() tests for value equality.
equals进行取值的比较，==比较是否是相同的object。

String s33= new String("hello");
String s34= new String("hello");
System.out.println(s33==s34);// false 因为是不同的object被初始化了。
System.out.println(s33.equals(s4)); // true 因为值相等
所以， 比较字符传取值是否相同，用的是equals( ).
但是注意这里, 
String s31 = "hello";
String s32 = "hello";
System.out.println(s31==s32); // true 因为指向了相同的string liberal，是内存中的相同的常量

四. casting

Casting
int a = 3;
int b = 7;
float c =(float) a / b;  // 或者这么写float c =((float) a / b);
System.out.println(c); // 0.42857143

五. ArrayList

类似C++中的vectorThe ArbrayList is an abstraction for an automatically growable List of elements.

看源码学习到的一些比较不熟悉的函数

retainAll( )	// Add some elements to lList: lList.add("Isabella"); lList.add("Angelina"); lList.add("Pille"); lList.add("Hazem"); // Add some elements to aList: aList.add("Isabella"); aList.add("Angelina"); aList.add("Bianca"); lList.retainAll(aList); //The aList collection after: [Isabella,Angelina, Bianca]
	ArrayList是包装后的T[ ] array
	类似C++中的vector
	method只有ArrayList.size()和ArrayList.trimToSize()，所以无法直接查看Capacity().
	因为ArrayList的capacity会动态增加，所以你可以认为ArrayList类似一个unbounded size的list。但是ArrayList的
equals()	public boolean More ...equals(Object anObject) { if ( this == anObject) { return true; } if (anObject instanceof String) { String anotherString = (String)anObject; int n = count; if (n == anotherString.count) { char v1[] = value; char v2[] = anotherString.value; int i = offset; int j = anotherString.offset; while (n-- != 0) { if (v1[i++] != v2[j++]) return false ; } return true ; } } return false ; }