Scaling Your Java EE Applications(扩展JAVA EE 应用个人译文二) .

如何垂直扩展Java EE应用程序

Many software designers and developers take the functionality as the most important factor in a product while

thinking of performance and scalability as add-on features and after-work actions. Most of them believe that

expensive hardware can close the gap of the performance issue.

许多软件设计者和开发者把功能看作是一件产品最重要的因素，同时考虑性能和可伸缩性作为工作后的附加功能。他

们大多认为，昂贵的硬件可以缩小性能的差距问题。

Sometimes they are wrong. Last month, there was an urgent project in our laboratory. After the product failed to

meet the performance requirement of their customer in a 4-CPU machine, the partner wanted to test their product in

a bigger (8-CPU) server. The result was that the performance was worse than in the 4-CPU server.

有时候，他们是错的。上个月，在我们的实验室有一个紧急项目。这种产品未能满足他们的客户在他们4 CPU的机器

的性能要求，合作伙伴希望在一个更大的（8个CPU）服务器上以测试他们的产品。其结果是，性能比在4 CPU服务

器上更差。

Why did this happen? Basically, if your system is a multiprocessed or multithreaded application, and is running out

of CPU resources, then your applications will most likely scale well when more CPUs added.

为什么会出现这种情况呢？基本上，如果你的系统是一个多进程或多线程应用程序，并且占用了全部CPU资源，那么

只有当你给它增加更多的cpu资源时，你的应用程序才更有可能得到垂直扩展。

Java technology-based applications embrace threading in a fundamental way. Not only does the Java language

facilitate multithreaded applications, but the JVM is a multi-threaded process that provides scheduling and memory

management for Java applications. Java applications that can benefit directly from multi-CPU resources include

application servers such as BEA's Weblogic, IBM's Websphere, or the open-source Glassfish and Tomcat

application server. All applications that use a Java EE application server can immediately benefit from CMT & SMP

technology.

基于Java技术的应用程序从根本上支持多线程。Java语言不仅方便多线程应用程序，而且JVM（java vitrical

machine--虚拟机）是一个多线程的进程，对Java应用程序的进行调度和内存管理。 Java应用程序可以直接受益于多

CPU资源，包括应用服务，如BEA的WebLogic，IBM的WebSphere，或开源的Glassfish和Tomcat应用程序服务

。使用Java EE应用服务的所有应用程序可以立即受益CMT＆SMP技术。

But in my laboratory, I found a lot of products cannot make full usage of the CPU resources. Some of them can only

occupy no more than 20% CPU resources in an 8-CPU server. Such applications can benefit little when more CPU

resources added.

但在我的实验室，我发现了很多产品不能充分使用CPU资源。其中一些在8-CPU的服务器里只占用不超过20％的

CPU资源。这些应用几乎不能从CPU资源的扩展中受益。

感谢小蓓同学的帮助。