Spring中使用任务计划

关于在Spring中的任务计划的使用

我今天结合Spring技术手册中的内容，总共总结了5个方面：

 

1：使用最简单的任务计划，就是继承java.util.TimerTask类，最关键的当然是配置beans-config.xml
   文件了，因为我们使用的是spring来管理任务计划。
  
   继承TimerTask类的写法如下：
  

package com;
     import java.util.TimerTask;
     public class DemoTask extends TimerTask {
public void run() {
    System.out.println( "任务程序启动，这时我的第一个任务程序......");
}
     }

   beans-config.xml的写法如下：
   
   

<? xml version ="1.0" encoding ="UTF-8" ?>
     <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"    
"[url]http://www.springframework.org[/url]/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
    
     < beans >
<!-- 定义定时任务类-->
< bean id ="demoTask" class ="com.DemoTask" />
    
< bean id ="scheduledTimerTask" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask" >
    <!-- 这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
     < property name ="timerTask" >
     < ref bean ="demoTask" />
     </ property >
    <!-- 这里定义每六秒钟程序执行一次-->
     < property name ="period" >
     < value >6000 </ value >
     </ property >
    <!-- 这里定义程序启动两秒钟后开始执行-->
     < property name ="delay" >
     < value >2000 </ value >
     </ property >
</ bean >
< bean id ="timerFactoryBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean" >
     < property name ="scheduledTimerTasks" >
     < list >
         < ref bean ="scheduledTimerTask" />
     </ list >
     </ property >
</ bean >
         </ beans >

   
    启动程序的写法：

package com;
         import java.io.BufferedReader;
         import java.io.InputStreamReader;
         import org.springframework.context .support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
         public class TimerTaskDemo {
/**
    * @author sunny 这个程序用于测试spring框架中的任务管理，这个一个最简单地实现定时任务的方式
    * @param args
    */
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
     new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext( "beans-config.xml");
    System.out.println( "启动任务...");
    System.out.println( "请输入exit关闭程序.....");
    
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    
     while( true){
     if(reader.readLine().equals( "exit")){
        System.exit(0);
     }
    }
}
         }

   

2：当我们在程序中不能继承TimerTask类了 ，我们应该怎样写呢？那我们就需要在程序中使用spring提供的 "org.springframework.scheduling .timer.MethodInvokingTimerTaskF actoryBean"类来进行处理了。不同的地方就是
xml的配置文件的写法，程序中需要指定执行哪一个类的哪一个方法 ：

 

<? xml version ="1.0" encoding ="UTF-8" ?>
        <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"    
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
    
         < beans >
<!-- 定义定时任务类-->
< bean id ="demoTask" class ="com.DemoTask" />
    
< bean id ="timerTaskBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.MethodInvokingTimerTaskFactoryBean" >
     < property name ="targetObject" >
     < ref bean ="demoTask" />
     </ property >
     < property name ="targetMethod" >
     < value >run </ value >
     </ property >
</ bean >
    
< bean id ="scheduledTimerTask" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask" >
    <!-- 这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
     < property name ="timerTask" >
     < ref bean ="timerTaskBean" />
     </ property >
    <!-- 这里定义每六秒钟程序执行一次-->
     < property name ="period" >
     < value >6000 </ value >
     </ property >
    <!-- 这里定义程序启动两秒钟后开始执行-->
     < property name ="delay" >
     < value >2000 </ value >
     </ property >
</ bean >
< bean id ="timerFactoryBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean" >
     < property name ="scheduledTimerTasks" >
     < list >
         < ref bean ="scheduledTimerTask" />
     </ list >
     </ property >
</ bean >
         </ beans >

3A：由于jdk标准api提供的Timer功能有限 ，只能指定任务与任务之间的周期，而无法指定某个特定的时间内执行 某项任务，所以现在
   推荐使用Quartz来解决这样的问题。接下来的这个程序仍然是解 决周期问题的，要循序渐进。。。
  
   QuartzJobBean 类用于重复调用JobData 类的方法执行getData()方法。QuartzJobBean 必须继承QuartzJobBean

 

package com;
         import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
         import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
         public class DemoJob extends QuartzJobBean {
private JobData jobData;
    
protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext arg0) {
    System.out.println(jobData.getData() + " 第一个已经被执行了！！");
}
public JobData getJobData() {
     return jobData;
}
public void setJobData(JobData jobData) {
     this.jobData = jobData;
}
        }
         package com;
         import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
         import java.util.Date;
         public class JobData {
public String getData() {
    SimpleDateFormat ddd = new SimpleDateFormat( "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
     return "Data from " + ddd.format( new Date());
}
        }

   

 

    关键在于beans-config.xml配置文件的写法

<? xml version ="1.0" encoding ="UTF-8" ?>
        <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"    
" [url]http://www.springframework.org[/url]/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
    
         < beans >
<!-- 定义定时任务类-->
< bean id ="someData" class ="com.JobData" />
    
< bean id ="jobDetailBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean" >
     < property name ="jobClass" >
     < value >com.DemoJob </ value >
     </ property >
     < property name ="jobDataAsMap" >
     < map >
         < entry key ="jobData" >
         < ref bean ="someData" />
         </ entry >
     </ map >
     </ property >
</ bean >
    
< bean id ="simpleTriggerBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean" >
    <!-- 这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
     < property name ="jobDetail" >
     < ref bean ="jobDetailBean" />
     </ property >
    <!-- 这里定义每六秒钟程序执行一次-->
     < property name ="repeatInterval" >
     < value >6000 </ value >
     </ property >
    <!-- 这里定义程序启动两秒钟后开始执行-->
     < property name ="startDelay" >
     < value >2000 </ value >
     </ property >
</ bean >
< bean id ="timerFactoryBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean" >
     < property name ="triggers" >
     < list >
         < ref bean ="simpleTriggerBean" />
     </ list >
     </ property >
</ bean >
         </ beans >

    
   启动程序的文件相同。

3B:
   如果需求中要求将来的某个时间点执行某项操作，那么配置文件中则必 须使用
   org.springframework.scheduling .quartz.CronTriggerBean。具体配置如下：
 

<? xml version ="1.0" encoding ="UTF-8" ?>
     <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"    
"[url]http://www.springframework.org[/url]/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
    
         < beans >
<!-- 定义定时任务类-->
< bean id ="someData" class ="com.JobData" />
    
< bean id ="jobDetailBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean" >
     < property name ="jobClass" >
     < value >com.DemoJob </ value >
     </ property >
     < property name ="jobDataAsMap" >
     < map >
         < entry key ="jobData" >
         < ref bean ="someData" />
         </ entry >
     </ map >
     </ property >
</ bean >
    
< bean id ="cronTriggerBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" >
    <!-- 这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
     < property name ="jobDetail" >
     < ref bean ="jobDetailBean" />
     </ property >
    <!-- 这里定义每天11点07分的时候程序执行一次-->
     < property name ="cronExpression" >
     < value >0 07 11 * * ? </ value >
     </ property >
</ bean >
< bean id ="schedulerFactoryBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean" >
     < property name ="triggers" >
     < list >
         < ref bean ="cronTriggerBean" />
     </ list >
     </ property >
</ bean >
         </ beans >

  

4：如果程序不允许继承QuartzJobBean类 ，我们怎样处理呢？那么我们可以采用spring提供的Metho dInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean
   来进行处理，

package com;
         /**
         * 这里不需要继承quartz类了
         * @author Administrator
         *
         */
         public class DemoJob {
private JobData jobData;
    
public JobData getJobData() {
     return jobData;
}
public void setJobData(JobData jobData) {
     this.jobData = jobData;
}
public void execute(){
    System.out.println(jobData.getData() + " 被执行了。");
}
     }
         package com;
         import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;    
         import java.util.Date;
         public class JobData {
public String getData() {
    SimpleDateFormat ddd = new SimpleDateFormat( "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
     return "Data from " + ddd.format( new Date());
}
        }

具体的xml文件配置如下：

 

<? xml version ="1.0" encoding ="UTF-8" ?>
        <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"    
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
    
         < beans >
<!-- 定义定时任务类-->
< bean id ="someData" class ="com.JobData" />
    
< bean id ="someJob" class ="com.DemoJob" >
     < property name ="jobData" >
     < ref bean ="someData" />
     </ property >
</ bean >
    
< bean id ="jobDetailBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean" >
     < property name ="targetObject" >
     < ref bean ="someJob" />
     </ property >
     < property name ="targetMethod" >
     < value >execute </ value >
     </ property >
</ bean >
    
< bean id ="cronTriggerBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" >
    <!-- 这里定义定时任务的对象的位置-->
     < property name ="jobDetail" >
     < ref bean ="jobDetailBean" />
     </ property >
    <!-- 这里定义每天11点07分的时候程序执行一次-->
     < property name ="cronExpression" >
     < value >0 27 11 * * ? </ value >
     </ property >
</ bean >
    
< bean id ="schedulerFactoryBean" class ="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean" >
     < property name ="triggers" >
     < list >
         < ref bean ="cronTriggerBean" />
     </ list >
     </ property >
</ bean >
         </ beans >