GO 中 Chan 实现原理分享
本文聚焦:
1.chan是什么
2.chan的底层数据结构
3.chan的读写基本流程
4.与sync的区别
storj dcs video use case
Video Storage & Streaming
闪电贷的攻防和智能合约审计
闪电贷和闪电兑,以及智能合约的安全防范
Poly Network 技术架构
To build the next generation internet
VISION FOR A HETEROGENEOUS MULTI-CHAIN FRAMEWORK
DRAFT
Present-day blockchain architectures all suffer from a number of issues not least practical means of extensibility and scalability. We believe this stems from tying two very important parts of the consensus architecture, namely
canonicality and validity, too closely together. This paper introduces an architecture, the heterogeneous multi-chain, which fundamentally sets the two apart.
Security audit report for imtoken wallet
This security audit is a requested service authorized by the client. The service is
mainly about application penetration testing which helps to find the vulnerabilities
and threats of the target. All the penetration testing items are done by simulating the
real world malicious attacks against the target, which mimics human hackers’
activities by manual penetration testing with automated tools.
Decentraland is a blockchain-based virtual world
Decentraland is a virtual reality platform powered by the Ethereum blockchain. Users can create, experience, and monetize content and applications. Land in Decentraland is permanently owned by the community, giving them full control over their creations. Users claim ownership of virtual land on a blockchain-based ledger of parcels. Landowners control what content is published to their portion of land, which is identified by a set of cartesian coordinates (x,y). Contents can range from static 3D
The Bitcoin Standard
The Bitcoin Standard
Bitcoin的表演
力场的定位是一个以公链共建挖矿为核心的社区平台以及UGC平台
力场的定位是一个以公链共建挖矿为核心的社区平台以及 UGC(用户生成贡
献)平台。力场的愿景是成为公链生态第一社区,无力场,不公链。
力场的使命是赋能公链生态,以(贡献)行为挖矿为切入点,形成公链、KOL、
用户、Dapp 共生、共建、共利的区块链用户社区。
A Novel Metastable Consensus Protocol Family for Cryptocurrencie
This paper introduces a new family of leaderless Byzantine fault tolerance protocols, built on a metastable mechanism. These protocols provide a strong probabilistic
safety guarantee in the presence of Byzantine adversaries,
while their concurrent nature enables them to achieve
high throughput and scalability.
Measuring Ethereum Network Peers
Ethereum, the second-largest cryptocurrency valued at a peak of
$138 billion in 2018, is a decentralized, Turing-complete computing
platform. Although the stability and security of Ethereum—and
blockchain systems in general—have been widely-studied, most
analysis has focused on application level features of these systems
such as cryptographic mining challenges, smart contract semantics,
or block mining operators.
Firework Games White Paper
Firework Games will be the most advanced and forward-looking blockchain
game platform. Our vision is to provide an open and inclusive diverse game
world based on the pure blockchain technology, which will change the
game industry in modern society. Everyone is freely allowed to create, to
play and to enjoy his own role in the parallel world.
CS251 Final Exam 2021
You may use any (non-human) resource to answer
the questions. You may not collaborate with others.
Generic Construction of Ring Signatures with Efficient
We introduce a novel generic ring signature construction, called DualRing, which
can be built from several canonical identification schemes (such as Schnorr identification).DualRing differs from the classical ring signatures by its formation of two rings: a ring of commitments and a ring of challenges. It has a structural difference from the common ring signature approaches based on accumulators or zero-knowledge proofs of the signer index.
The Gridex Protocol
The Gridex Protocol is a permissionless and non-custodial trading protocol
consisting of a set of persistent, non-upgradable smart contracts on the Ethereum
blockchain. Unlike the current mainstream decentralized exchanges based on the
Automated Market Maker (AMM) model, Gridex is based on order books. With our
novel Grid Maker Order Book (GMOB) model, we have significantly reduced the
resource consumption of running an order book based system, allowing us to deploy
and run it on the Ethereum.
Efficient Zero-Knowledge Arguments for Arithmetic Circuits
We provide a zero-knowledge argument for arithmetic circuit
satisfiability with a communication complexity that grows logarithmically
in the size of the circuit. The round complexity is also logarithmic and
for an arithmetic circuit with fan-in 2 gates the computation of the
prover and verifier is linear in the size of the circuit. The soundness
of our argument relies solely on the well-established discrete logarithm
assumption in prime order groups.
KishuInu Whitepaper
$KISHU is an ERC20 token which started on the Ethereum blockchain April 17, 2021.
The max supply is 100 quadrillion and one of its key functionalities is its decentralized
usage rewards mechanism. For every active user transaction a 2% $KISHU reward
is granted to holders’ decentralized wallets only, fostering a healthy distrubuted
network and community usage. The more $KISHU is actively used, the more rewards
are granted!
On the Instability of Bitcoin Without the Block Reward
Bitcoin provides two incentives for miners: block rewards
and transaction fees. The former accounts for the vast majority of miner revenues at the beginning of the system, but
it is expected to transition to the latter as the block rewards
dwindle. There has been an implicit belief that whether
miners are paid by block rewards or transaction fees does
not affect the security of the block chain.
Shorter Proofs for Privacy-Enhanced Distributed Ledger
We present a new short zero-knowledge argument for the range proof and the arithmetic circuits without a trusted setup. In particular, the proof size of our protocol is the shortest of the category of proof systems with a trustless setup. More concretely, when proving a committed value is a positive integer less than 64 bits, except for negligible error in the 128-bit security parameter,
the proof size is 576 byte long, which is of 85.7% size of the previous shortest one due to Bunzetal.
Attacking Threshold Wallets
Threshold wallets leverage threshold signature schemes (TSS) to distribute signing
rights across multiple parties when issuing blockchain transactions. These provide greater
assurance against insider fraud, and are sometimes seen as an alternative to methods using a trusted execution environment to issue the signature. This new class of applications
motivated researchers to discover better protocols, entrepreneurs to create start-up companies, and large organizations to deploy TSS-based.
This paper provides an architectural overview of the Avalanche
Avalanche is a high-performance, scalable, customizable, and secure blockchain platform. It targets three
broad use cases: 15
– Building application-specific blockchains, spanning permissioned (private) and permissionless (public)
deployments.
– Building and launching highly scalable and decentralized applications (Dapps).
– Building arbitrarily complex digital assets with custom rules, covenants, and riders (smart assets).
Avalanche Native Token ($AVAX) Dynamics
This paper discusses the key implementation details, in particular the
token economics (tokenomics), of the native token of the Avalanche platform, called 5
$AVAX. The native token secures the network, pays for fees, and provides the basic
unit of account between the multiple blockchains deployed on the larger Avalanche
network. For additional details on Avalanche, which serves as a versatile and universal platform, allowing anyone to launch new blockchains with their own rules,
virtual machine
ZKSwap是一个基于 ZK-Rollup 的 Layer2 代币Swap协议
是一种基于 ZK-Rollup 技术的 Layer-2 AMM 去中心化交易协议 ZKSwap,在 Layer-2 上实现了 uniswap 的所有功能,在保证去中心化交易的核心
价值的同时,实现实时交易,把 Uniswap 的 TPS(每秒可以处理的交易数量)
提升了多个数量级,同时交易的过程几乎不需要消耗任何 Gas 费用。
ZKSwap 系统由链上智能合约,链下 ZKSwap Server,零知识证明系统和前端
用户界面组成。
ZEND White Paper
You agree that you are acquiring ZEND to participate in zkLend and to obtain services
on the ecosystem thereon. The Company, the Distributor and their respective affiliates would develop and
contribute to the underlying source code for zkLend. The Company is acting solely as an arms’ length
third party in relation to the ZEND distribution, and not in the capacity as a financial advisor or fiduciary
of any person with regard to the distribution of ZEND.
KZen Curv Security Audit
KZen Curv is a library written in Rust providing low-level elliptic curve cryptography
functionalities (ECC), as well as higher-level protocols such as key-exchange, secret
sharing, zero-knowledge, and multi-party computation.
KZen Curv 是一个用 Rust 编写的库,提供低级椭圆曲线加密
功能 (ECC) 以及更高级别的协议,例如密钥交换、秘密
共享、零知识、多方计算。
为什么虚拟资产值得投资:元宇宙虚拟地产报告
本篇报告回顾了2021年Metaverse虚拟地产商生态的发展,并讨论了与之相关的主要市场趋势。这些趋势包括:主流传统玩家的入场;Metaverse技术的商业应用(包括游戏和应用);以及非同质化代币NFT对于整个整体元宇宙的影响。
元宇宙:未来数字绿洲入口已打开
元宇宙是与现实世界高度互通的虚拟世界,具有同步和拟真、开源和创
造、永续、闭环经济系统四大核心属性。元宇宙的兴起将伴随着 AR/VR、
云计算、AI、5G 等技术的进化,人类对虚拟世界的构建和发展将造就互
联网的终极形态——METAVERSE。随着 ROBLOX 上市受到追捧,元宇宙
正从概念走向现实,国内对标公司或如雨后春笋般出现,产业链发展值
得重视。
Code Assessment of Liquidations 2.0 Smart Contracts
First and foremost we would like to thank the Maker Foundation for giving us the opportunity to assess
the current state of their Liquidations 2.0 system. This document outlines the findings, limitations, and
methodology of our assessment.
Initially, our code assessment resulted in a number of findings regarding security and correctness. After
the submission of the intermediate reports all findings have been resolved. These have been marked
accordingly and can be found in the Resolved Findings s
Scalable and Probabilistic Leaderless BFT Consensus through Meta
This paper introduces a family of leaderless Byzantine fault
tolerance protocols, built around a metastable mechanism
via network subsampling. These protocols provide a strong
probabilistic safety guarantee in the presence of Byzantine
adversaries while their concurrent and leaderless nature enables them to achieve high throughput and scalability. Unlike
blockchains that rely on proof-of-work, they are quiesce
Groth16: a pairing-based (preprocessing) SNARK for arithmetic
Non-interactive arguments enable a prover to convince a verifier that a statement is true. Recently there has been a lot of progress both in theory and practice on
constructing highly efficient non-interactive arguments with small size and low verifi-
cation complexity, so-called succinct non-interactive arguments (SNARGs) and succinct non-interactive arguments of knowledge (SNARKs).
Many constructions of SNARGs rely on pairing-based
The offer-is-code approach to Decentralised Exchanges
This paper introduces a novel and quite general approach to trading which we term
“offer-is-code”. We demonstrate the idea by building around it the Mangrove protocol, a decentralised spot market. Mangrove offers are sorted in an order book.
Each offer contains a callback address which the matching engine calls when the
offer is effectively matched. Incentives are set to make sure that offers are not empty
promises.
A Classification Framework for Stablecoin Designs
In this paper, we systematically discuss general design, decompose existing stablecoins into various component design elements, explore their
strengths and drawbacks, and identify future directions.
Stablecoins promise to bridge fiat currencies with the world
of cryptocurrencies. They provide a way for users to take advantage of
the benefits of digital currencies, such as ability to transfer assets over the
internet, provide assurance on minting schedules and scarcity。
EIP-1559 proposal
EIP-1559 is a proposal to make several tightly coupled additions to Ethereum’s transaction fee mechanism, including variable-size blocks and a burned base fee that rises and falls with demand. This report assesses the game-theoretic strengths and weaknesses of the proposal and explores some alternative designs.
Unipass 区块链实现发送红包的技术分析
1.底层技术支撑
2.Subtle Crypto 和 WebAuthn
3.DKIM
区块链黑暗森林全面自救手册
囊括了区块链安全指导的方方面面,从创建钱包、备份钱包、使用钱包、传统隐私保护、人性安全、作恶方式、被盗止损等方面进行了全面讲解。
Sui将地址从160为切换到256的合理性分析
从安全的角度全面分析了Sui的地址从160bits切换到256bits为什么更安全
拥抱十字路口的挑战:中国金融科技新篇章
科技企业和传统金融机构如何在 新的生态中找到 各自的定位,确 保自己的生存和 发展,引发了强 大张力。与此相 关联,监管部门 的任务变得更加 富有挑战性:一 方面鼓励创新的 战略基调不变, 另一方面更加谨 慎地防范创新中 可能出现的风险,特别是系统 性金融风险和涉 众型社会风险; 同时还需要平衡 科技公司和传统 金融机构的利益。
原有金融体系 最重要的资源是 资金,以资本为 中心。新金融体 系最重要的资产 是数据,以数据 为中心。信用、 支付、风控和技 术等要素都必须 依靠数据运转。
有必要结合创 新带来的变化构 建新的监管框架 与体系,进一步 推进从机构监管 向功能监管的转 型,完善监管覆 盖范围。将所有 金融业务都纳入 监管,同类业务 同一监管,增强 监管的统一性。 同时也可通过 “监管沙盒”试 点等方式增加监 管与创新机构的 互动,保持监管 对新技术的敏感 度。
Succinct Arguments、Randomized Algorithms、Universal zk-SNARKs
In this paper, we first present a new zk-SNARK system that is well-suited for randomized algorithms—in particular it does not encode randomness generation within the arith- metic circuit allowing for more practical prover times. Then, we design a universal circuit that takes as input any arith- metic circuit of a bounded number of operations as well as a possible value assignment, and performs randomized checks to verify consistency.
Succinct Non-Interactive Zero Knowledge
Our circuit generator is the first to be universal: it does not need to know the program, but only a bound on its running time. Moreover, the size of the output circuit depends additively (rather than multiplicatively) on program size, allowing verification of larger programs.
The cryptographic proof system improves proving and verification times, by leveraging new algorithms and a pairing library tailored to the protocol.