le32_to_cpu and cpu_to_le32

转载：

http://blog.csdn.net/wzws45/article/details/6153106

Then when do we use le32_to_cpu( ) , and when do we use cpu_to_le32( )?
>
> The names tell it. le32_to_cpu is used for convesions from 32bit little
> endian data into CPUs endianness, cpu_to_le32 is used for convesions from
> CPU endianness to little endian 32bit data.
> Actually, both macros do the same thing, but one should make the differences
> clear to make code more readable so that anyone can quickly find out whether
> some data is kept in native endianness or some particular one.
>

code example of big endian and little endian

// 2-byte number

int SHORT_little_endian_TO_big_endian(int i)

{

    return ((i>>8)&0xff)+((i << 8)&0xff00);

}



// 4-byte number

int INT_little_endian_TO_big_endian(int i)

{

    return((i&0xff)<<24)+((i&0xff00)<<8)+((i&0xff0000)>>8)+((i>>24)&0xff);

}

今天在学习< Understanding Linux Networking Insides >, 字节序的转换也是这几个函数的封装。

所有的协议都要定义使用的字节序，TCP/IP 使用的Big-Endian,

include/linux/byteorder/generic.h

#define ___htonl(x) __cpu_to_be32(x)
#define ___htons(x) __cpu_to_be16(x)
#define ___ntohl(x) __be32_to_cpu(x)
#define ___ntohs(x) __be16_to_cpu(x)

#define htonl(x) ___htonl(x)
#define ntohl(x) ___ntohl(x)
#define htons(x) ___htons(x)
#define ntohs(x) ___ntohs(x)