Android 访问WebService的方法

Web Service是实现异构程序之间方法调用的一种机制。Web Service通过一种XML格式的特殊文件来描述方法、参数、调用和返回值，这种格式的XML文件称为WSDL（Web Service Des cription Language），即Web服务器描述语言。Web Service采用的通信协议是SOAP（Simple ObjectAccess Protocol），即简单对象访问协议。

   Java领域的Web Service实现有很多方式，例如Sun公司的XML-RPC、Apache的Axis以及Codehaus的Xfire，但是这些都不适合在资源有限的移动设备中使用。早期的Java ME开发中使用到了KSOAP，近期Google也发布了针对Android的KSOAP jar包。该jar文件的访问地址为http://code.google.com/p/ksoap2-android/downloads/list。

   android 应用程序要访问互联网上的服务，如天气预报，股票信息；则需要通过SOAP传输协议来访问。 首先要得到服务器提供的地址、命名空间、方法名，参数的键和返回值的键；android应用程序通过这些键来传递值。

   具体步骤：

//创建HttpTransportSE对象

HttpTransportSEhttpse = new HttpTransportSE("http://192.168.1.13:8088/testwebservice/LoginPort");

//使用SOAP协议创建Envelop对象

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

//实例化SoapObject

SoapObjectsoapObject = new SoapObject("http://bean.lovo.com/","validate");

soapObject.addProperty("arg0", usernameText.getText().toString());

soapObject.addProperty("arg1", pwdText.getText().toString());

//将SoapObject对象设置为SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的传出SOAP消息

envelope.bodyOut = soapObject;

httpse.call(null, envelope);

//获取服务器响应返回的SOAP消息

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

//获取返回的数据

String returnStr = result.getProperty("return").toString();

下面的例子是android应用程序访问网络PC服务器。

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public  class  WebServiceActivity  extends  Activity  implements OnClickListener{       /**用户名和密码编辑框*/      private  EditText userText,pwdText;       /**确定按钮*/      private  Button okBtn;       /**显示返回值的文本框*/      private  TextView infoText;       /**服务地址*/      private  static  final  String SERVICE_URL = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/loginservice/LoginServicePort"  ;       /**命名空间*/      private  static  final  String NAME_SPACE = "http://service.lovo.com/" ;                 @Override      public  void  onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {           super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);           setContentView(R.layout.main);                         okBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.web_service_btn);           userText=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.web_service_username);           pwdText=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.web_service_pwd);           infoText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.web_service_show_info);           okBtn.setOnClickListener( this );       }       @Override      public  void  onClick(View v) {                 if (v == okBtn){               //连接对象               HttpTransportSE httpSE =  new  HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);               //通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象               SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop =  new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);               //根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象               SoapObject soapObject =  new  SoapObject(NAME_SPACE, "validate" );               //向调用方法传递参数               soapObject.addProperty( "arg0" , userText.getText().toString());               soapObject.addProperty( "arg1" , pwdText.getText().toString());               //将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息               envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;               try  {                   //开始调用远程方法                   httpSE.call( null , envelop);                   //得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象                   SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.bodyIn;                   //得到服务器传回的数据                   String resultStr = resultObj.getProperty( "return" ).toString();                   //处理返回值                   Toast.makeText( this , resultStr, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();                   infoText.setText(resultStr);               }  catch  (Exception e) {                   e.printStackTrace();               }            }       }  }  public  class  WebServiceActivity  extends  Activity  implements OnClickListener{ /**用户名和密码编辑框*/ private  EditText userText,pwdText; /**确定按钮*/ private  Button okBtn; /**显示返回值的文本框*/ private  TextView infoText; /**服务地址*/ private  static  final  String SERVICE_URL = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/loginservice/LoginServicePort"  ; /**命名空间*/ private  static  final  String NAME_SPACE = "http://service.lovo.com/" ; @Override      public  void  onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.main);                      okBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.web_service_btn);          userText=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.web_service_username);          pwdText=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.web_service_pwd);          infoText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.web_service_show_info);          okBtn.setOnClickListener( this );      } @Override public  void  onClick(View v) { if (v == okBtn){ //连接对象 HttpTransportSE httpSE =  new  HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL); //通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象 SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop =  new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); //根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象 SoapObject soapObject =  new  SoapObject(NAME_SPACE,  "validate" ); //向调用方法传递参数 soapObject.addProperty( "arg0" , userText.getText().toString()); soapObject.addProperty( "arg1" , pwdText.getText().toString()); //将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息 envelop.bodyOut = soapObject; try  { //开始调用远程方法 httpSE.call( null , envelop); //得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象 SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.bodyIn; //得到服务器传回的数据 String resultStr = resultObj.getProperty( "return" ).toString(); //处理返回值 Toast.makeText( this , resultStr, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); infoText.setText(resultStr); }  catch  (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }

注意：要增加一个network访问权限。    

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>