java语言进阶之常用的API之String下篇

字符串中的截取方法

1、字符串的截取substring

package api_demo;
/*
* 字符串的截取方法：
* public String substring(int index);截取从参数位置一直到字符串末尾的字符串
* public String substring(int begin,int end)
* */
public class demo_subString {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str1 = "helloworld";
        String str2 = str1.substring(5);
        System.out.println(str1);// 原封不动
        System.out.println(str2);//新字符串
        System.out.println("====================");
        String str3=str1.substring(4,7);
        System.out.println(str3);
    }
}

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-14.0.1\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=6216:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\Jinfanglin\IdeaProjects\javaSe\out\production\javaSe api_demo.demo_subString
helloworld
world
====================
owo

Process finished with exit code 0

2、字符串的转换相关方法

package api_demo;
/*
* String 当中与转换相关的常用方法：
* public char[] toCharArray();将当前字符串拆分为字符数组作为返回
* public byte[] getBytes();获得当前字符串底层的字节数组
* public String replace(charSequence pldString,charsequence newString);
* 将所有出现的老字符串替换为新的字符串
*
* */
public class Demo_string_convert {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        char[] chars="Hello".toCharArray();
        System.out.println(chars[0]);
        System.out.println(chars.length);

        // 转换为字节数组
        byte[] bytes="hello".getBytes();
        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(bytes[i]);
        }
        String str="zhong piao xin xi jishu";
        String str2=str.replace('o','*');
        System.out.println(str2);

    }
}

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-14.0.1\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=6448:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\Jinfanglin\IdeaProjects\javaSe\out\production\javaSe api_demo.Demo_string_convert
H
5
104
101
108
108
111
zh*ng pia* xin xi jishu

Process finished with exit code 0

3、字符串的分割方法

package api_demo;
/*
* 分割字符串的方法
* public String[] split(String regex);
* */
public class DemoStringSplit {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str1="aaa,bbb,ccc,def,ghi";
        String[] str=str1.split(",");
        for (int i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(str[i]);
        }
    }
}

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-14.0.1\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=6515:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\Jinfanglin\IdeaProjects\javaSe\out\production\javaSe api_demo.DemoStringSplit
aaa
bbb
ccc
def
ghi

Process finished with exit code 0

3、练习题1：按指定格式拼接字符

package api_demo;
/*
* 定义一个方法将[1,2,3]拼接成一个字符串
* 如：[world#1world#2world#3]
* */
public class stringlianxi1 {
    public static String fromArrayToString(int[] array){
        String str="[";
        for (int i = 0; i <array.length ; i++) {
            if(i==array.length-1){
                str+="world"+array[i]+"]";
            }else{
                str+="world"+array[i]+"#";
            }

        }
        return str;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] array={1,2,3,4,5};
        String result=fromArrayToString(array);
        System.out.println(result);
    }
}

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-14.0.1\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=7015:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\Jinfanglin\IdeaProjects\javaSe\out\production\javaSe api_demo.stringlianxi1
[world1#world2#world3#world4#world5]

Process finished with exit code 0

4、练习题2：

package api_demo;

import java.util.Scanner;

/*
* 题目：
* 键盘输入一个字符串，并且统计大小写字母、数字、其他出现的次数
* */
public class Stringlianxi2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        String str=sc.next();
        char[] chars= str.toCharArray();
        int daxie=0,xiaoxie=0,shuzi=0,qita=0;
        for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
            if('A'<=chars[i]&&chars[i]<='Z'){
                daxie++;
            }else if('a'<=chars[i]&&chars[i]<='z'){
                xiaoxie++;
            }else if('0'<=chars[i]&&chars[i]<='9'){
                shuzi++;
            }else{
                qita++;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("字符串："+str);
        System.out.println("大写："+daxie);
        System.out.println("小写："+xiaoxie);
        System.out.println("数字："+shuzi);
        System.out.println("其他："+qita);
    }
}

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-14.0.1\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=8091:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\Jinfanglin\IdeaProjects\javaSe\out\production\javaSe api_demo.Stringlianxi2
jinfanglin123AJL[];'
字符串：jinfanglin123AJL[];'
大写：3
小写：10
数字：3
其他：4

Process finished with exit code 0