How to Setup Bind DNS Server in Chroot Jail on CentOS 7

安装完CentOS 7（精简版）之后，执行一下精简步骤即可安装Bind Chroot模式：

 yum update 

 vi /etc/selinux/config 

"/etc/selinux/config" 14L, 548C# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=permissive
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
setenforce 0

 1、关闭防火墙：sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service
 2、关闭开机启动：sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service

yum install bind-chroot -y

systemctl status named
systemctl stop named
systemctl disable named

/usr/libexec/setup-named-chroot.sh /var/named/chroot on

ll /var/named/chroot/etc
ll /var/named/chroot/var/named

touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/cache_dump.db
touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_stats.txt
touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt
touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named.run
mkdir /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic
touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic/managed-keys.bind

cp -p /etc/named.conf /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf

vi /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf（把老的named.conf文件内容copy过来，把自己的域名配置文件也copy到相应的目录里面，不要覆盖已有文件）

chmod -R 777 /var/named/chroot/var/named/data
chmod -R 777 /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic
chmod -R 777 /var/named/chroot/var/named/*.db

ll /var/named/chroot/var/named/data

ll /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic
ll /var/named/chroot/var/named

systemctl start named-chroot
systemctl enable named-chroot
systemctl status named-chroot

yum install bind-utils -y

yum -y install ntpdate
timedatectl set-timezone   Asia/Shanghai
ntpdate  192.168.5.32


vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PermitRootLogin yes => PermitRootLogin no
systemctl restart sshd.service

Twitter

LinkedIn

Pinterest

BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Daemon) also known as NAMED is the most widely used linux dns server in the internet.

This tutorial will explain how we can setup BIND DNS in a chroot jail in CentOS 7, the process is simply unable to see any part of the filesystem outside the jail. For example, in this post, i will configure BIND dns to run chrooted to the directory /var/named/chroot/.

Well, to BIND dns, the contents of this directory will appear to be /, the root directory. A “jail” is a software mechanism for limiting the ability of a process to access resources outside a very limited area, and it’s purposely to enhance the security.

Unlike with earlier versions of BIND, you typically will not need to compile named statically nor install shared libraries under the new root.

Chroot Environment initialization script will mount the above configuration files using the mount –bind command, so that you can manage the configuration outside this environment. There is no need to copy anything into the /var/named/chroot/ directory because it is mounted automatically. This simplifies maintenance since you do not need to take any special care of BIND configuration files if it is run in a chroot environment. You can organize everything as you would with BIND not running in a chroot environment.

Chrooted Bind DNS server was by default configured to /var/named/chroot. You may follow this complete steps to implement Bind Chroot DNS Server on CentOS 7 virtual private server (VPS).

Also Read :   How to Add SPF Record in Bind DNS Zone on Linux

Setup Bind DNS Server in Chroot Jail on CentOS 7

1. Install Bind Chroot DNS server :

# yum install bind-chroot -y

2. To enable the named-chroot service, first check if the named service is running by issuing the following command:

# systemctl status named

If it is running, it must be disabled.
To disable named, issue the following commands as root:

# systemctl stop named

# systemctl disable named

3. Initialize the /var/named/chroot environment by running:

# /usr/libexec/setup-named-chroot.sh /var/named/chroot on
# systemctl stop named
# systemctl disable named
# systemctl start named-chroot
# systemctl enable named-chroot
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/named-chroot.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/named-chroot.service'

The following directories are automatically mounted into the /var/named/chroot/ directory if the corresponding mount point directories underneath /var/named/chroot/ are empty:

Verify Chroot Environment :

# ll /var/named/chroot/etc
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   372 Dec  1 23:04 localtime
drwxr-x--- 2 root named 4096 Nov 22 01:28 named
-rw-r----- 1 root named 1705 Mar 22  2016 named.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root named 2389 Nov 22 01:28 named.iscdlv.key
-rw-r----- 1 root named  931 Jun 21  2007 named.rfc1912.zones
-rw-r--r-- 1 root named  487 Jul 19  2010 named.root.key
drwxr-x--- 3 root named 4096 Jan  4 22:12 pki

# ll /var/named/chroot/var/named
total 32
drwxr-x--- 7 root  named 4096 Jan  4 22:12 chroot
drwxrwx--- 2 named named 4096 Nov 22 01:28 data
drwxrwx--- 2 named named 4096 Nov 22 01:28 dynamic
-rw-r----- 1 root  named 2076 Jan 28  2013 named.ca
-rw-r----- 1 root  named  152 Dec 15  2009 named.empty
-rw-r----- 1 root  named  152 Jun 21  2007 named.localhost
-rw-r----- 1 root  named  168 Dec 15  2009 named.loopback
drwxrwx--- 2 named named 4096 Nov 22 01:28 slaves

4. Create bind dns related files into chrooted directory :

# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/cache_dump.db
# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_stats.txt
# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt
# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named.run
# mkdir /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic
# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic/managed-keys.bind

5. Bind lock file should be writeable, therefore set the permission to make it writable as below :

# chmod -R 777 /var/named/chroot/var/named/data
# chmod -R 777 /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic

6. Copy /etc/named.conf chrooted bind config folder :

# cp -p /etc/named.conf /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf

7.Configure main bind configuration in /etc/named.conf. Append the example.local zone information to the file :

# vi /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf

Create forward and reverse zone into named.conf:

..
..
zone "example.local" {
    type master;
    file "example.local.zone";
};

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        file "192.168.0.zone";
};
..
..

Full named.conf configuration :

//
// named.conf
//
// Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS
// server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only).
//
// See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files.
//

options {
        listen-on port 53 { any; };
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };

        /*
         - If you are building an AUTHORITATIVE DNS server, do NOT enable recursion.
         - If you are building a RECURSIVE (caching) DNS server, you need to enable
           recursion.
         - If your recursive DNS server has a public IP address, you MUST enable access
           control to limit queries to your legitimate users. Failing to do so will
           cause your server to become part of large scale DNS amplification
           attacks. Implementing BCP38 within your network would greatly
           reduce such attack surface
        */
        recursion yes;

        dnssec-enable yes;
        dnssec-validation yes;
        dnssec-lookaside auto;

        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";

        pid-file "/run/named/named.pid";
        session-keyfile "/run/named/session.key";
};

logging {
        channel default_debug {
                file "data/named.run";
                severity dynamic;
        };
};

zone "." IN {
        type hint;
        file "named.ca";
};

zone "example.local" {
    type master;
    file "example.local.zone";
};

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        file "192.168.0.zone";
};

include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
include "/etc/named.root.key";

8. Create Forward and Reverse zone files for domain example.local.

Also Read :   7 Useful Linux Utilities

a) Create Forward Zone :

# vi /var/named/chroot/var/named/example.local.zone

Add the following and save :

;
;       Addresses and other host information.
;
$TTL 86400
@       IN      SOA     example.local. hostmaster.example.local. (
                               2014101901      ; Serial
                               43200      ; Refresh
                               3600       ; Retry
                               3600000    ; Expire
                               2592000 )  ; Minimum

;       Define the nameservers and the mail servers

               IN      NS      ns1.example.local.
               IN      NS      ns2.example.local.
               IN      A       192.168.0.70
               IN      MX      10 mx.example.local.

centos7          IN      A       192.168.0.70
mx               IN      A       192.168.0.50
ns1              IN      A       192.168.0.70
ns2              IN      A       192.168.0.80

b) Create Reverse Zone :

# vi /var/named/chroot/var/named/192.168.0.zone

;
;       Addresses and other host information.
;
$TTL 86400
@       IN      SOA     example.local. hostmaster.example.local. (
                               2014101901      ; Serial
                               43200      ; Refresh
                               3600       ; Retry
                               3600000    ; Expire
                               2592000 )  ; Minimum

0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN      NS      centos7.example.local.

70.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR mx.example.local.
70.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ns1.example.local.
80.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ns2.example.local.