Guava的Maps使用

1.概述

在本教程中，我们将说明可利用Guava与Java Maps结合使用的最有用的方法。

让我们开始非常简单，并使用Guava创建一个没有new运算符的HashMap：

//com.google.common.collect.Maps
Map aNewMap = Maps.newHashMap();

2. ImmutableMap

接下来–让我们看看如何使用Guava创建ImmutableMap：

@Test
public void whenCreatingImmutableMap_thenCorrect() {
Map salary = ImmutableMap. builder()
.put("John", 1000)
.put("Jane", 1500)
.put("Adam", 2000)
.put("Tom", 2000)
.build();
assertEquals(1000, salary.get("John").intValue());
assertEquals(2000, salary.get("Tom").intValue());
}

3. SortedMap

现在，让我们看一下SortedMap的创建和使用。

在以下示例中，我们将使用相应的Guava构建器创建一个排序的Map：

@Test
public void whenUsingSortedMap_thenKeysAreSorted() {
    ImmutableSortedMap<String, Integer> salary = new ImmutableSortedMap
      .Builder<String, Integer>(Ordering.natural())
      .put("John", 1000)
      .put("Jane", 1500)
      .put("Adam", 2000)
      .put("Tom", 2000)
      .build();
 
    assertEquals("Adam", salary.firstKey());
    assertEquals(2000, salary.lastEntry().getValue().intValue());
}

4. BiMap

接下来–让我们讨论如何使用BiMap。我们可以使用BiMap通过value获得key，因为它可以确保值是唯一的。

在下面的示例中，我们创建一个BiMap，然后得到其inverse()：

@Test
public void whenCreateBiMap_thenCreated() {
    BiMap<String, Integer> words = HashBiMap.create();
    words.put("First", 1);
    words.put("Second", 2);
    words.put("Third", 3);
 
    assertEquals(2, words.get("Second").intValue());
    assertEquals("Third", words.inverse().get(3));
}

5. Multimap

我们可以使用Multimap将**每个键与多个值相关联，**如以下示例所示：

@Test
public void whenCreateMultimap_thenCreated() {
    Multimap<String, String> multimap = ArrayListMultimap.create();
    multimap.put("fruit", "apple");
    multimap.put("fruit", "banana");
    multimap.put("pet", "cat");
    multimap.put("pet", "dog");
    assertThat(multimap.get("fruit"), containsInAnyOrder("apple", "banana"));
    assertThat(multimap.get("pet"), containsInAnyOrder("cat", "dog"));
}

6. Table

现在让我们看一下Guava Table；如果需要**多个键来索引一个值，**则使用Table。

在下面的示例中，我们将使用表格存储城市之间的距离：

@Test
public void whenCreatingTable_thenCorrect() {
    Table<String,String,Integer> distance = HashBasedTable.create();
    //London作为rowKey,London作为columnKey
    distance.put("London", "Paris", 340);
    distance.put("New York", "Los Angeles", 3940);
    distance.put("London", "New York", 5576);
 
    assertEquals(3940, distance.get("New York", "Los Angeles").intValue());
    assertThat(distance.columnKeySet(), 
      containsInAnyOrder("Paris", "New York", "Los Angeles"));
    assertThat(distance.rowKeySet(), containsInAnyOrder("London", "New York"));
}

我们还可以使用*Tables.transpose**()*来翻转行键和列键，如以下示例所示：

@Test
public void whenTransposingTable_thenCorrect() {
    Table<String,String,Integer> distance = HashBasedTable.create();
    distance.put("London", "Paris", 340);
    distance.put("New York", "Los Angeles", 3940);
    distance.put("London", "New York", 5576);
 
    Table<String, String, Integer> transposed = Tables.transpose(distance);
 
    assertThat(transposed.rowKeySet(), 
      containsInAnyOrder("Paris", "New York", "Los Angeles"));
    assertThat(transposed.columnKeySet(), containsInAnyOrder("London", "New York"));
}

7. ClassToInstanceMap

接下来–让我们看一下ClassToInstanceMap。 如果我们希望对象的类成为键，则可以使用ClassToInstanceMap，如以下示例所示：

@Test
public void whenCreatingClassToInstanceMap_thenCorrect() {
    ClassToInstanceMap<Number> numbers = MutableClassToInstanceMap.create();
    numbers.putInstance(Integer.class, 1);
    numbers.putInstance(Double.class, 1.5);
 
    assertEquals(1, numbers.get(Integer.class));
    assertEquals(1.5, numbers.get(Double.class));
}

8. Group List using Multimap

下一步-让我们看看如何使用多重映射对列表进行分组。在下面的示例中，我们使用multimaps.index（）按名称的长度对名称列表进行分组：

@Test
publicvoidwhenGroupingListsUsingMultimap_thenGrouped() {
    List names = Lists.newArrayList("John", "Adam", "Tom");
    Function func = newFunction(){
    publicInteger apply(String input) {
      returninput.length();
    }
};

Multimap groups = Multimaps.index(names, func);
assertThat(groups.get(3), containsInAnyOrder("Tom"));
assertThat(groups.get(4), containsInAnyOrder("John", "Adam"));
}

9.完整的代码：

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsInAnyOrder;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.google.common.base.Function;
import com.google.common.collect.*;

/**
 * @author wang.baozhi
 * @since 2019/10/9 下午8:10
 */
public class GuavaMapsUnitTest {

    @Test
    public void whenCreateImmutableMap_thenCreated() {
        final Map<String, Integer> salary = ImmutableMap.<String, Integer> builder().put("John", 1000).put("Jane", 1500).put("Adam", 2000).put("Tom", 2000).build();

        assertEquals(1000, salary.get("John").intValue());
        assertEquals(2000, salary.get("Tom").intValue());
    }

    @Test
    public void whenUseSortedMap_thenKeysAreSorted() {
        final ImmutableSortedMap<String, Integer> salary = new ImmutableSortedMap.Builder<String, Integer>(Ordering.natural()).put("John", 1000).put("Jane", 1500).put("Adam", 2000).put("Tom", 2000).build();

        assertEquals("Adam", salary.firstKey());
        assertEquals(2000, salary.lastEntry().getValue().intValue());
    }

    @Test
    public void whenCreateBiMap_thenCreated() {
        final BiMap<String, Integer> words = HashBiMap.create();
        words.put("First", 1);
        words.put("Second", 2);
        words.put("Third", 3);

        assertEquals(2, words.get("Second").intValue());
        assertEquals("Third", words.inverse().get(3));
    }

    @Test
    public void whenCreateMultimap_thenCreated() {
        final Multimap<String, String> multimap = ArrayListMultimap.create();
        multimap.put("fruit", "apple");
        multimap.put("fruit", "banana");
        multimap.put("pet", "cat");
        multimap.put("pet", "dog");

        assertThat(multimap.get("fruit"), containsInAnyOrder("apple", "banana"));
        assertThat(multimap.get("pet"), containsInAnyOrder("cat", "dog"));
    }

    @Test
    public void whenGroupListUsingMultimap_thenGrouped() {
        final List<String> names = Lists.newArrayList("John", "Adam", "Tom");
        final Function<String, Integer> function = new Function<String, Integer>() {
            @Override
            public final Integer apply(final String input) {
                return input.length();
            }
        };
        final Multimap<Integer, String> groups = Multimaps.index(names, function);

        assertThat(groups.get(3), containsInAnyOrder("Tom"));
        assertThat(groups.get(4), containsInAnyOrder("John", "Adam"));
    }

    @Test
    public void whenCreateTable_thenCreated() {
        final Table<String, String, Integer> distance = HashBasedTable.create();
        distance.put("London", "Paris", 340);
        distance.put("New York", "Los Angeles", 3940);
        distance.put("London", "New York", 5576);

        assertEquals(3940, distance.get("New York", "Los Angeles").intValue());
        assertThat(distance.columnKeySet(), containsInAnyOrder("Paris", "New York", "Los Angeles"));
        assertThat(distance.rowKeySet(), containsInAnyOrder("London", "New York"));
    }

    @Test
    public void whenTransposeTable_thenCorrect() {
        final Table<String, String, Integer> distance = HashBasedTable.create();
        distance.put("London", "Paris", 340);
        distance.put("New York", "Los Angeles", 3940);
        distance.put("London", "New York", 5576);

        final Table<String, String, Integer> transposed = Tables.transpose(distance);
        assertThat(transposed.rowKeySet(), containsInAnyOrder("Paris", "New York", "Los Angeles"));
        assertThat(transposed.columnKeySet(), containsInAnyOrder("London", "New York"));
    }

    @Test
    public void whenCreateClassToInstanceMap_thenCreated() {
        final ClassToInstanceMap<Number> numbers = MutableClassToInstanceMap.create();
        numbers.putInstance(Integer.class, 1);
        numbers.putInstance(Double.class, 1.5);

        assertEquals(1, numbers.get(Integer.class));
        assertEquals(1.5, numbers.get(Double.class));
    }
}

10.单元测试maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
            <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- This will get hamcrest-core automatically -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
    <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
    <version>1.3</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

参考

• Guava - Maps

https://www.baeldung.com/guava-maps