基于hibernate实现jpa规范

创建java项目或者maven项目，本人在此使用maven构建项目

1.创建maven项目，引入依赖

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
		 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
		 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
				     http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.taikang</groupId>
  <artifactId>jpa</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>

        <!-- JPA 标准 API-->
        <hibernate.jpa21.api.version>1.0.0.Final</hibernate.jpa21.api.version>

        <!-- Hibernate 实现-->
        <hibernate.version>5.1.0.Final</hibernate.version>

        <!-- Bean 验证器 标准 API -->
        <validation.api.version>1.1.0.Final</validation.api.version>

        <!-- Hibernate 验证器实现-->
        <hibernate.validator.version>5.2.1.Final</hibernate.validator.version>
        <javax-el.version>3.0.1-b04</javax-el.version>

        <!-- 日志-->
        <slf4j.impl.version>1.6.1</slf4j.impl.version>

        <!-- TestNG 单元测试-->
        <testing.version>6.8.7</testing.version>

        <!-- Jav SE 环境下使用 Bitronix （为JTA 事务管理器提供数据库连接池）-->
        <btm.version>2.1.3</btm.version>

    </properties>

    <!-- 依赖库-->
    <dependencies>

        <!-- TestNG 单元测试-->
       <!--  <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>${testing.version}</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>junit</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions> 
        </dependency>
        -->
        
       <!--  <dependency>
   			 <groupId>junit</groupId>
    		<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    		<version>4.11</version>
		</dependency> -->

        <!-- slf4j 日志-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-jdk14</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.impl.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Bitronix 数据库连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.btm</groupId>
            <artifactId>btm</artifactId>
            <version>${btm.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hibernate（JPA实现）-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Bean 验证器 API 与实现-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.validator.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- EL -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
            <version>${javax-el.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
            <version>${javax-el.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hibernate 审计-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-envers</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- EHCache 作为二级缓存-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- mysql driver -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.34</version>
        </dependency>
		<dependency>
   			 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    		<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
    		<version>2.4.3</version>
		</dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2.在resource下面创建WEB-INF目录，在WEB-INF想创建persistence.xml文件，该文件是为了与数据库建立关系，内容如下

persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"  
    		 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    		 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence 
    				     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" version="1.0">  
    <persistence-unit name="mysqlJPA" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">  
        <properties>  
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect" />  
            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />  
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" />  
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="299522" />  
            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa" />  
            <property name="hibernate.max_fetch_depth" value="3" />  
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />  
        </properties>  
    </persistence-unit>  
</persistence>  

3.编写实体类，使用jpa注解

package com.taikang.jpa;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Lob;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity//表明要创建表
public class Student {
	@Id //用于表明主键
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)//定义主键生成策略
	private int id;
	@Column(length=15,nullable=false)//表中字段长度，是否为空
	private String name;
	@Column(length=2)
	private String sex;
	@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)//定义时间类型格式
	private Date birthday;
	@Lob //大字段
	private String description;
	
	public Student() {
		super();
	}
	public Student( String name, String sex, Date birthday, String desc) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.sex = sex;
		this.birthday = birthday;
		this.description = desc;
	}
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}
	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}
	public void setDescription(String desc) {
		this.description = desc;
	}
}

4.编写测试类

package com.taikang.jpa;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import org.junit.Test;
public class PersonTest {
	
	@Test
	public void createTable(){
		Student student = new Student("wujinwei", "男", new Date(), "测试jpa数据是否正常");//准备插入的数据
		EntityManagerFactory managerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("mysqlJPA");//获取管理器工程
		EntityManager manager = managerFactory.createEntityManager();//获取管理器,类似于hibernate中的session

		manager.getTransaction().begin();//开启事物
		manager.persist(student);//保存数据
		manager.getTransaction().commit();//提交事物
		manager.close();//关闭
		managerFactory.close();
	}
}

5.查看数据库表是否创建和数据是否正常插入